scholarly journals Lifestyle carbon footprints and changes in lifestyles to limit global warming to 1.5 °C, and ways forward for related research

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryu Koide ◽  
Michael Lettenmeier ◽  
Lewis Akenji ◽  
Viivi Toivio ◽  
Aryanie Amellina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Sustainability Science ◽  
Scenario Development ◽  
Carbon Footprints ◽  
Related Research ◽  
Living Lab ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Subnational Analysis

AbstractThis paper presents an approach for assessing lifestyle carbon footprints and lifestyle change options aimed at achieving the 1.5 °C climate goal and facilitating the transition to decarbonized lifestyles through stakeholder participatory research. Using data on Finland and Japan it shows potential impacts of reducing carbon footprints through changes in lifestyles for around 30 options covering food, housing, and mobility domains, in comparison with the 2030 and 2050 per-capita targets (2.5–3.2 tCO2e by 2030; 0.7–1.4 tCO2e by 2050). It discusses research opportunities for expanding the footprint-based quantitative analysis to incorporate subnational analysis, living lab, and scenario development aiming at advancing sustainability science on the transition to decarbonized lifestyles.

Fraud abroad

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-275
Author(s):  
Jake David Hoskins ◽  
Ryan Leick
Keyword(s):  
Sharing Economy ◽  
Gdp Per Capita ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Customer Reviews ◽  
Online Customer Reviews ◽  
Level Of Economic Development ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Developed Nations

Purpose This study aims to investigate a sharing economy context, where vacation rental units that are owned and operated by individuals throughout the world are rented out through a common website: vrbo.com. It is posited that gross domestic product (GDP) per capita, a common indicator of the level of economic development of a nation, will impact the likelihood that prospective travelers will choose to book accommodations in the sharing economy channel (vs traditional hotels). The role of online customer reviews in this process is investigated as well, building upon a significant body of extant research which shows their level of customer decision influence. Design/methodology/approach An empirical analysis is conducted using data from the website Vacation Rentals By Owner on 1,940 rental listings across 97 countries. Findings GDP per capita serves as risk deterrent to prospective travelers, making the sharing economy an acceptable alternative to traditional hotels for the average traveler. It is also found that the total number of online customer reviews (OCR volume) is a signal of popularity to prospective travelers, while the average star rating of those online customer reviews (OCR valence) is instead a signal of accommodation quality. Originality/value This study adds to a growing agenda of research investigating the effect of online customer reviews on consumer decisions, with a particularly focus on the burgeoning sharing economy. The findings help to explain when the sharing economy may serve as a stronger disruptive threat to incumbent offerings. It also provides the following key insights for managers: sharing economy rental units in developed nations are more successful in driving booking activity, managers should look to promote volume of online customer reviews and positive online customer reviews are particularly influential for sharing economy rental booking rates in less developed nations.

scholarly journals Ectopic pregnancy: exploration of its global research architecture using density-equalising mapping and socioeconomic benchmarks

BMJ Open ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. e018394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dörthe Brüggmann ◽  
Jana Kollascheck ◽  
David Quarcoo ◽  
Michael H Bendels ◽  
Doris Klingelhöfer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ectopic Pregnancy ◽  
Gdp Per Capita ◽  
Related Research ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Research Architecture ◽  
Country Specific ◽  
Global Research

ObjectiveAbout 2% of all pregnancies are complicated by the implantation of the zygote outside the uterine cavity and termed ectopic pregnancy. Whereas a multitude of guidelines exists and related research is constantly growing, no thorough assessment of the global research architecture has been performed yet. Hence, we aim to assess the associated scientific activities in relation to geographical and chronological developments, existing research networks and socioeconomic parameters.DesignRetrospective, descriptive study.SettingOn the basis of the NewQIS platform, scientometric methods were combined with novel visualising techniques such as density-equalising mapping to assess the scientific output on ectopic pregnancy. Using the Web of Science, we identified all related entries from 1900 to 2012.Results8040 publications were analysed. The USA and the UK were dominating the field in regard to overall research activity (2612 and 723 publications), overall citation numbers and country-specific H-Indices (US: 80, UK: 42). Comparison to economic power of the most productive countries demonstrated that Israel invested more resources in ectopic pregnancy-related research than other nations (853.41 ectopic pregnancy-specific publications per 1000 billlion US$ gross domestic product (GDP)), followed by the UK (269.97). Relation to the GDP per capita index revealed 49.3 ectopic pregnancy-specific publications per US$1000 GDP per capita for the USA in contrast to 17.31 for the UK. Semiqualitative indices such as country-specific citation rates ranked Switzerland first (24.7 citations per ectopic pregnancy-specific publication), followed by the Scandinavian countries Finland and Sweden. Low-income countries did not exhibit significant research activities.ConclusionsThis is the first in-depth analysis of global ectopic pregnancy research since 1900. It offers unique insights into the global scientific landscape. Besides the USA and the UK, Scandinavian countries and Switzerland can also be regarded as leading nations with regard to their relative socioeconomic input.

The impact of urbanization on energy consumption and efficiency

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 673-686 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pengfei Sheng ◽  
Yaping He ◽  
Xiaohui Guo
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Method Of Moments ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Generalized Method Of Moments ◽  
Method Of Moments Estimation ◽  
Process Of Urbanization ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Impact Of Urbanization ◽  
The Impact

There is no consensus about the impact of urbanization on energy efficiency. We seek to fill this gap in literature using data from 78 countries for the period of 1995 through 2012. Extending the Stochastic Impacts by Regression on Population, Affluence, and Technology model, we identify the impact of urbanization on energy consumption and efficiency. Results of generalized method of moments estimation indicate that the process of urbanization leads to substantial increases in both the actual and the optimal energy consumption, but a decrease in efficiency of energy use. In addition, we find that the extent to which energy inefficiency correlates with urbanization is greater in countries with higher gross domestic product per capita.

Mediator Analysis of Job Satisfaction: Relationship between Servant Leadership and Employee Engagement

Metamorphosis ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 76-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prabhjot Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Servant Leadership ◽  
Employee Engagement ◽  
Service Provider ◽  
Insurance Companies ◽  
Servant Leaders ◽  
Call Centres ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Satisfaction Relationship

Servant leaders attempt altruistically and selflessly to help others before themselves, believe in developing their followers to their greatest potential, and seek to benefit the wider community. The main purpose of the present article is to examine servant leadership as the antecedent to employee engagement, mediated by job satisfaction, in Punjab, using data from 190 employees from different service provider companies (banks, colleges, call centres, insurance companies). Quantitative analysis shows that when employees observe positive levels in servant leadership, they are fundamentally encouraged towards exercising significantly higher levels of engagement and satisfaction.

scholarly journals Product carbon footprints as tool for a low-carbon economy

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fritz Reusswig
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Emission Reductions ◽  
Carbon Footprints ◽  
Low Carbon Economy ◽  
Formidable Challenge ◽  
Social Innovations ◽  
Carbon Economy

Stabilizing greenhouse gas emissions at a level that prevents a global warming beyond plus two degree celsius is a formidable challenge. The required emission reductions can only be achieved by a series of technological, organizational and social innovations.

scholarly journals Is there a growing social acceptance of earnings inequalities in Poland?

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 79-88
Author(s):  
Paweł Kumor
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Social Acceptance ◽  
Gdp Growth ◽  
Gini Coefficients ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Economic Level ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Two Stages

In our studies, we deal with the estimating of the optimal ranges of earnings – the optimal Gini indexes which are favourable to the maximisation of GDP growth in Poland. We suspect that the optimal Gini coefficients expressing the whole of society’s acceptance of earnings inequalities can increase. In the article, we formulated a hypothesis on society’s habituation to increasing earnings disparities. We verified the hypothesis on the basis of the model of economic growth using data from 1970 to 2007. We carried out econometric studies in two stages. In the first stage, we estimated the optimal Gini coefficients for short subsequent sub-periods. In the second stage, we studied the character of changes in the optimal Gini coefficients. In the studies, we proved the hypothesis on society’s habituation to increasing earnings disparities. The optimal Gini coefficients increase along with the increase of differences in earnings and the increase of the economic level per capita. The growth of the optimal Gini coefficients may be slowed down.

scholarly journals Greece in the Eurozone: An Evaluation of the First Two Decades

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-192
Author(s):  
Gregory T. Papanikos
Keyword(s):  
Economic Performance ◽  
The Political ◽  
Recent Issue ◽  
Political Issue ◽  
Per Capita Gdp ◽  
Political Events ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Detrimental Impact ◽  
Of Greece

On the 31st of December 2021, the euro celebrated its two decades in circulation. Initially, twelve countries adopted the euro as their new national currency, Greece being one of them. Starting in 2020, euro is the official currency of nineteen European Union countries. This paper aims to examine three issues. Firstly, the paper investigates Greek people’s perception about the euro, using data from the recent issue of the Eurobarometer (December 2021). Secondly, the economic performance of Greece is briefly examined by comparing the Greek Gross Domestic Product (GDP) two decades before and two decades after the introduction of euro. Finally, the Greek participation to the eurozone has been a controversial, political issue. The political developments in Greece during the first two decades of the euro are also studied, emphasizing the dramatic political events after the double elections of 2012. The period of the two decades ends with the detrimental impact of COVID-19. This issue is also mentioned by reviewing some recent publications. Keywords: Eurozone, Greece, GDP, per capita GDP, Eurobarometer, euro, elections, politics

The Graying of American Debt

2020 ◽  
pp. 35-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meta Brown ◽  
Donghoon Lee ◽  
Joelle Scally ◽  
Wilbert van der Klaauw
Keyword(s):  
Federal Reserve ◽  
Consumer Credit ◽  
Federal Reserve Bank ◽  
Older Consumers ◽  
Reserve Bank ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Using Data

Real aggregate debt in the hands of Americans age 50 to 80 increased by 59 percent between 2003 and 2015. Meanwhile, real debt held by Americans in their 20s and 30s was approximately flat. Using data from the Federal Reserve Bank of New York’s Consumer Credit Panel, we describe the extent of this debt increase and the distribution of debt growth by loan type. Real per capita home-secured debts held by older consumers show the steepest growth, though older borrowers have increased their obligations in all major debt categories. For long-held debts, these developments lead us to evaluate how such changes emerged.

scholarly journals Food away from home and the reversal of the calorie intake decline in India

Food Security ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepthi E. Kolady ◽  
Shivendra Kumar Srivastava ◽  
David Just ◽  
Jaspal Singh
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Poverty Line ◽  
Calorie Intake ◽  
Welfare Programs ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Food Away From Home ◽  
Social Welfare Programs ◽  
Food And Nutrition ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Using Data

Abstract India experienced a consumption puzzle since the 1970s, whereby households’ calorie intakes declined over time, despite significant economic growth. This declining trend in calorie intake (consumption puzzle) was reversed for the first time in 2011–12. This is the first empirical study that investigates the relationship between refinements in data collection on food away from home (FAFH) and the trend reversal in per capita calorie intake decline in India. Findings from the study showed that the declining trend in calorie intake in India has been partly due to measurement issues and that correcting for these issues through refinements in data collection for FAFH in 2011–12 had a positive effect on the reversal of the calorie intake decline. India uses per capita calorie intake estimated using data from HCES to define the official poverty line, a benchmark used in designing many social welfare programs. Incorrect estimates of calorie intake will have negative implications on the effectiveness of welfare programs aimed at reducing food insecurity. Findings from this study provide insights for further improvement in data collection regarding household-level consumption expenditures. The study has implications not only for India but also for other countries that use household-level consumption data to understand diets and to design food and nutrition programs.

Alcohol-Related Mortality in the WHO European Region: Sex-Specific Trends and Predictions

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 593-598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathalie Pruckner ◽  
Barbara Hinterbuchinger ◽  
Matthäus Fellinger ◽  
Daniel König ◽  
Thomas Waldhoer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regional Differences ◽  
World Health ◽  
European Region ◽  
Drinking Patterns ◽  
Death Rates ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Per Capita Consumption ◽  
Related Mortality

Abstract Aims Alcohol is an important risk factor for morbidity and mortality, especially within the European region. Differences in per capita consumption and drinking patterns are possible reasons for regional differences and diverging trends in alcohol-related health outcomes. Methods Twenty-nine countries within the World Health Organization (WHO) European region were evaluated for trends and predictions in alcohol-related deaths within the last four decades using data available from the WHO Health for All database. Results Between 1979 and 2015, age-standardised death rates due to selected alcohol-related causes decreased significantly for both sexes in all assessed countries of the WHO European region, but regional differences are still pronounced. Assuming a similar trend in the future, the model predicted a further decrease until the year 2030. Conclusion Even though alcohol-related mortality may have decreased within the last decades, the detrimental effects of alcohol consumption and alcohol dependence remain a considerable burden of disease within Europe.

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