scholarly journals Dynamic Quantum Games

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vassili N. Kolokoltsov
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Repeated Games ◽  
Dynamic Games ◽  
Quantum Control ◽  
Diffusion Processes ◽  
Natural Class ◽  
Quantum Games ◽  
Technical Problems ◽  
Modern Development ◽  
Starting Point

AbstractQuantum games represent the really twenty-first century branch of game theory, tightly linked to the modern development of quantum computing and quantum technologies. The main accent in these developments so far was made on stationary or repeated games. In this paper, we aim at initiating the truly dynamic theory with strategies chosen by players in real time. Since direct continuous observations are known to destroy quantum evolutions (so-called quantum Zeno paradox), the necessary new ingredient for quantum dynamic games must be the theory of non-direct observations and the corresponding quantum filtering. Apart from the technical problems in organizing feedback quantum control in real time, the difficulty in applying this theory for obtaining mathematically amenable control systems is due partially to the fact that it leads usually to rather non-trivial jump-type Markov processes and/or degenerate diffusions on manifolds, for which the corresponding control is very difficult to handle. The starting point for the present research is the remarkable discovery (quite unexpected, at least to the author) that there exists a very natural class of homodyne detections such that the diffusion processes on projective spaces resulting by filtering under such arrangements coincide exactly with the standard Brownian motions (BM) on these spaces. In some cases, one can even reduce the process to the plain BM on Euclidean spaces or tori. The theory of such motions is well studied making it possible to develop a tractable theory of related control and games, which can be at the same time practically implemented on quantum optical devices.

scholarly journals Software Architecture of a Fog Computing Node for Industrial Internet of Things

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 3715
Author(s):  
Ioan Ungurean ◽  
Nicoleta Cristina Gaitan
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Fog Computing ◽  
Low Latency ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Industrial Internet Of Things ◽  
Industrial Internet ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Hard Real Time

In the design and development process of fog computing solutions for the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT), we need to take into consideration the characteristics of the industrial environment that must be met. These include low latency, predictability, response time, and operating with hard real-time compiling. A starting point may be the reference fog architecture released by the OpenFog Consortium (now part of the Industrial Internet Consortium), but it has a high abstraction level and does not define how to integrate the fieldbuses and devices into the fog system. Therefore, the biggest challenges in the design and implementation of fog solutions for IIoT is the diversity of fieldbuses and devices used in the industrial field and ensuring compliance with all constraints in terms of real-time compiling, low latency, and predictability. Thus, this paper proposes a solution for a fog node that addresses these issues and integrates industrial fieldbuses. For practical implementation, there are specialized systems on chips (SoCs) that provides support for real-time communication with the fieldbuses through specialized coprocessors and peripherals. In this paper, we describe the implementation of the fog node on a system based on Xilinx Zynq UltraScale+ MPSoC ZU3EG A484 SoC.

scholarly journals Digital matter as interdisciplinary commodity

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 103
Author(s):  
Uwe Rieger
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Architectural Design ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Mixed Reality ◽  
Digital Fabrication ◽  
Digital Information ◽  
Design Environment ◽  
Digital World ◽  
Starting Point

<p>With the current exponential growth in the sector of Spatial Data Technology and Mixed Reality display devises we experience an increasing overlap of the physical and digital world. Next to making data spatially visible the attempt is to connect digital information with physical properties. Over the past years a number of research institutions have been laying the ground for these developments. In contemporary architecture architectural design the dominant application of data technology is connected to graphical presentation, form finding and digital fabrication.<br />The <em>arc/sec Lab for Digital Spatial Operations </em>at the University of Auckland takes a further step. The Lab explores concepts for a new condition of buildings and urban patterns in which digital information is connected with spatial appearance and linked to material properties. The approach focuses on the step beyond digital re-presentation and digital fabrication, where data is re-connected to the multi-sensory human perceptions and physical skills. The work at the Lab is conducted in a cross disciplinary design environment and based on experiential investigations. The arc/sec Lab utilizes large-scale interactive installations as the driving vehicle for the exploration and communication of new dimensions in architectural space. The experiments are aiming to make data “touchable” and to demonstrate real time responsive environments. In parallel they are the starting point for both the development of practice oriented applications and speculation on how our cities and buildings might change in the future.<br />The article gives an overview of the current experiments being undertaken at the arc/sec Lab. It discusses how digital technologies allow for innovation between the disciplines by introducing real time adaptive behaviours to our build environment and it speculates on the type of spaces we can construct when <em>digital matter </em>is used as a new dynamic building material.</p>

scholarly journals Direct Viral RNA Detection of SARS-CoV-2 and DENV in Inactivated Samples by Real-Time RT-qPCR: Implications for Diagnosis in Resource Limited Settings with Flavivirus Co-Circulation

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1558
Author(s):  
Zhan Qiu Mao ◽  
Mizuki Fukuta ◽  
Jean Claude Balingit ◽  
Thi Thanh Ngan Nguyen ◽  
Co Thach Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Rna Extraction ◽  
Viral Rna ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Heat Inactivation ◽  
Resource Limited Settings ◽  
Rna Detection ◽  
Resource Limited ◽  
Starting Point

The RT-qPCR method remains the gold standard and first-line diagnostic method for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 and flaviviruses, especially in the early stage of viral infection. Rapid and accurate viral detection is a starting point in the containment of the COVID-19 pandemic and flavivirus outbreaks. However, the shortage of diagnostic reagents and supplies, especially in resource-limited countries that experience co-circulation of SARS-CoV-2 and flaviviruses, are limitations that may result in lesser availability of RT-qPCR-based diagnostic tests. In this study, the utility of RNA-free extraction methods was assessed for the direct detection of SARS-CoV-2 and DENV-2 in heat-inactivated or chemical-inactivated samples. The findings demonstrate that direct real-time RT-qPCR is a feasible option in comparison to conventional real-time RT-qPCR based on viral genome extraction-based methods. The utility of heat-inactivation and direct real-time RT-qPCR for SARS-CoV-2, DENV-2 viral RNA detection was demonstrated by using clinical samples of SARS-CoV-2 and DENV-2 and spiked cell culture samples of SARS-CoV-2 and DENV-2. This study provides a simple alternative workflow for flavivirus and SARS-CoV-2 detection that includes heat inactivation and viral RNA extraction-free protocols, with aims to reduce the risk of exposure during processing of SARS-CoV-2 biological specimens and to overcome the supply-chain bottleneck, particularly in resource limited settings with flavivirus co-circulation.

Zoning the Past: Brokers, Babbitts, and the Memory Work of Commercial Real Estate

2010 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 287-311
Author(s):  
JAMES S. MILLER
Keyword(s):  
Historical Context ◽  
White Collar ◽  
Commercial Real Estate ◽  
American Business ◽  
Literary Realism ◽  
Commercial Development ◽  
The Past ◽  
Modern Development ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Modern Business

From the moment of its publication in 1922, Sinclair Lewis's novel Babbitt was widely hailed as a text that harnessed the tactics of literary realism to the ambitions of social science. Over the years, in fact, critics have consistently linked Lewis's dissection of a crass, puerile, and materialistic white-collar culture to a conception of the novel as barely fictionalized ethnography – a conceit that has scripted the author as the twentieth century's foremost “cartographer” of American business life. Taking this fact as its starting point, this essay shows how Lewis's efforts to create an ethnographic record of modern business life ultimately encoded an even deeper commentary on the peculiar role that industrial–commercial development played in shaping the ways white-collar Americans thought about, valued, and pursued traces of their putative “heritage.” Rather than simply depict industrial–commercial society's destruction of the past, I argue, Babbitt instead labored to create a necessary genealogy for this regime: one that provided the nation's new, forward-lurching order with the kind of temporal coherence and historical context that its own ascendance seemed most directly to expunge. In making such an argument, this essay seeks to query a long-standing presumption within public memory studies that for years has construed the idea(l)s of historical recovery and the operations of commercial capitalism as fundamentally, if not inherently, incompatible. Balefully derided for mass-producing and mass-marketing a commodified pastness, dismissed as tools for replacing authentic history with ersatz heritage, modern development practices have stood for the vast majority of critics as proof of Americans' fundamental disconnection from their common and authentic history. Seeking to complicate this view, this essay shows instead how Babbitt can be read as a powerful counterexample to such logic – one that casts modernization less as an adversary than as an adjunct to prevailing modes of public recollection.

Diffusion and Decentralized Bargaining in International Organizations: Evidence from Mercosur's Dispute Settlement Mechanism

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias Lenz
Keyword(s):  
International Organizations ◽  
Dispute Settlement ◽  
Diffusion Processes ◽  
Dispute Settlement Mechanism ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Institutional Convergence ◽  
Dispute Settlement System ◽  
Decentralized Bargaining ◽  
Settlement Mechanism

Abstract How and with what effects do institutions diffuse between international organizations (IOs)? An emerging literature extends a key insight of the study of diffusion processes among states to the international level, establishing that the adoption of institutions in IOs is regularly conditioned by the choices of other IOs. Yet, this literature neglects a key contextual difference between the two settings: unlike in the hierarchically structured organizations that have dominated the literature on diffusion, institutional creation, and change in IOs are the result of decentralized bargaining among sovereign governments. This paper develops a heuristic model that shows how diffusion between IOs shapes decision-making within them through its impact on the institutional preferences of individual governments. The model establishes that, unlike in diffusion processes among states, convergence is an unlikely outcome of diffusion between IOs. By implication, studies that take institutional convergence as their starting point are likely to underestimate the pervasiveness of diffusion effects. I demonstrate these arguments with a case study of the establishment of a regional dispute settlement system in Mercosur, a regional organization in Latin America.

THE SARS-CoV-2 PANDEMIC IN BULGARIA AND THE CHALLENGES OF REAL-TIME DISTANCE LEARNING FOR TOURISM UNIVERSITY STUDENTS

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Obreshkov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Distance Learning ◽  
University Students ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Time Distance ◽  
First Time ◽  
Educational Field

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 pandemic brought changes in various aspects of life, including educational field. The present study reveals some of the challenges related to real-time distance learning for university students majoring in tourism in Plovdiv, Bulgaria. The study includes Bulgarian and international students in full-time and part-time bachelor's and master's tourism programs, in which real-time distance education was introduced for the first time. The current study could be a starting point for improving the organization and quality of education of Tourism students, as well as for faster overcoming of related difficulties in communication with students.

scholarly journals FPGA Implementation of a Single Step MFCV Estimator Based on EMG in Diabetic Neuropathy

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Daniela De Venuto ◽  
Giovanni Mezzina
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Neuropathy ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Muscle Fibre ◽  
Diagnostic System ◽  
Correlation Method ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Velocity Estimation ◽  
In Vivo Test ◽  
Starting Point

This paper details the design and the hardware implementation of a real-time diagnostic system based on FPGA for the muscle fibre conduction velocity estimation (MFCV). The MFCV is considered as a principal monitoring index for diabetic neuropathy (DPN), as well as in muscle fatigue assessment, to evaluate the muscle fibre status. The FPGA platform evaluates the MFCV during dynamic contractions (e.g., gait), by exploiting a multichannel sensing system composed of 4 wireless surface EMG electrodes, placed in pair on each leg. Raw data are digitized and made binary to create two bitstreams for each monitored limb. Then, a comparison between the two-bit streamed EMGs extracted from the same leg is carried out. The comparison, which allows extracting the MFCV, exploits a computationally light version of the cross-correlation method. The overall architecture implemented and validated on an Altera Cyclone V FPGA is HPS-free and exploits 22.5% ALMs, 10,874 ALUTs, 9.81% registers, 3.36% block memory, and <2.7% of the total wires available on the platform. The choice of FPGA as computing system lies in the possibility to determine resource utilization, related timing constraints for a future real-time ASIC implementation in wearable applications. From the actual muscle contraction during gait (cyclical starting point of the computing), the system spends about 316 ms to acquire useful data and 47.5 ms (on average) to process the signal and provide the output, dynamically dissipating 28.6 mW. The accuracy of the tool evaluation has been evaluated proving the repeatability of the measurements by in vivo test. In this context, 1250 contractions from each subject involved in a protocolled 10-meter walk have been acquired (n=10 subjects evaluated). On average, the same MFCV estimation has been extracted on 1184/1250 contractions (standard deviation of 11 contractions), reaching an accuracy of 94.7%. These estimations fully match the physiological value range reported in literature.

scholarly journals Limit theorems for hitting times of 1-dimensional generalized diffusions

1998 ◽  
Vol 152 ◽  
pp. 1-37
Author(s):  
Matsuyo Tomisaki ◽  
Makoto Yamazato
Keyword(s):  
Limit Theorems ◽  
Bessel Functions ◽  
Diffusion Processes ◽  
Hitting Times ◽  
Finite Dimensional ◽  
Independent Increments ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Self Similar ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The One

Abstract.Limit theorems are obtained for suitably normalized hitting times of single points for 1-dimensional generalized diffusion processes as the hitting points tend to boundaries under an assumption which is slightly stronger than that the existence of limits γ + 1 of the ratio of the mean and the variance of the hitting time. Laplace transforms of limit distributions are modifications of Bessel functions. Results are classified by the one parameter {γ}, each of which is the degree of corresponding Bessel function. In case the limit distribution is degenerate to one point, by changing the normalization, we obtain convergence to the normal distribution. Regarding the starting point as a time parameter, we obtain convergence in finite dimensional distributions to self-similar processes with independent increments under slightly stronger assumption.

scholarly journals Estimate of Anemia with New Non-Invasive Systems—A Moment of Reflection

Electronics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 780 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Dimauro ◽  
Serena De Ruvo ◽  
Federica Di Terlizzi ◽  
Angelo Ruggieri ◽  
Vincenzo Volpe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
World Population ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Open Problems ◽  
Technical Problems ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Critical Issues

Anemia is a global public health problem with major consequences for human health. About a quarter of the world population shows a hemoglobin concentration that is below the recommended thresholds. Non-invasive methods for monitoring and identifying potential risk of anemia and smartphone-based devices to perform this task are promising in addressing this pathology. We have considered some well-known studies carried out on this topic since the main purpose of this work was not to produce a review. The first group of papers describes the approaches for the clinical evaluation of anemia focused on different human exposed tissues, while we used a second group to overview some technologies, basic methods, and principles of operation of some devices and highlight some technical problems. Results extracted from the second group of papers examined were aggregated in two comparison tables. A growing interest in this topic is demonstrated by the increasing number of papers published recently. We believe we have identified several critical issues in the published studies, including those published by us. Just as an example, in many papers the dataset used is not described. With this paper we wish to open a discussion on these issues. Few papers have been sufficient to highlight differences in the experimental conditions and this makes the comparison of the results difficult. Differences are also found in the identification of the regions of interest in the tissue, descriptions of the datasets, and other boundary conditions. These critical issues are discussed together with open problems and common mistakes that probably we are making. We propose the definition of a road-map and a common agenda for research on this topic. In this sense, we want to highlight here some issues that seem worthy of common discussion and the subject of synergistic agreements. This paper, and in particular, the discussion could be the starting point for an open debate about the dissemination of our experiments and pave the way for further updates and improvements of what we have outlined.

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