Bovine milk antioxidant properties: effect of in vitro digestion and identification of antioxidant compounds

Efficient lipid digestion in formula-fed infants is required to ensure the availability of fatty acids for normal organ development. Previous studies suggest that the efficiency of lipid digestion may depend on whether lipids are emulsified with soy lecithin or fractions derived from bovine milk. This study, therefore, aimed to determine whether emulsification with bovine milk-derived emulsifiers or soy lecithin (SL) influenced lipid digestion in vitro and in vivo. Lipid digestibility was determined in vitro in oil-in-water emulsions using four different milk-derived emulsifiers or SL, and the ultrastructural appearance of the emulsions was assessed using electron microscopy. Subsequently, selected emulsions were added to a base diet and fed to preterm neonatal piglets. Initially, preterm pigs equipped with an ileostomy were fed experimental formulas for seven days and stoma output was collected quantitatively. Next, lipid absorption kinetics was studied in preterm pigs given pure emulsions. Finally, complete formulas with different emulsions were fed for four days, and the post-bolus plasma triglyceride level was determined. Milk-derived emulsifiers (containing protein and phospholipids from milk fat globule membranes and extracellular vesicles) showed increased effects on fat digestion compared to SL in an in vitro digestion model. Further, milk-derived emulsifiers significantly increased the digestion of triglyceride in the preterm piglet model compared with SL. Ultra-structural images indicated a more regular and smooth surface of fat droplets emulsified with milk-derived emulsifiers relative to SL. We conclude that, relative to SL, milk-derived emulsifiers lead to a different surface ultrastructure on the lipid droplets, and increase lipid digestion.

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Preliminary Study on Pasta Samples Characterized in Antioxidant Compounds and Their Biological Activity on Kidney Cells

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13041131 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 1131 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Federico Di Marco ◽

Francesco Trevisani ◽

Pamela Vignolini ◽

Silvia Urciuoli ◽

Andrea Salonia ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Indoleacetic Acid ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Antioxidant Compounds ◽

Kidney Cells ◽

Hek 293 ◽

293 Cells ◽

High Concentrations ◽

Β Carotene ◽

Egg Pasta

Pasta is one of the basic foods of the Mediterranean diet and for this reason it was chosen for this study to evaluate its antioxidant properties. Three types of pasta were selected: buckwheat, rye and egg pasta. Qualitative–quantitative characterization analyses were carried out by HPLC-DAD to identify antioxidant compounds. The data showed the presence of carotenoids such as lutein and polyphenols such as indoleacetic acid, (carotenoids from 0.08 to 0.16 mg/100 g, polyphenols from 3.7 to 7.4 mg/100 g). To assess the effect of the detected metabolites, in vitro experimentation was carried out on kidney cells models: HEK-293 and MDCK. Standards of β-carotene, indoleacetic acid and caffeic acid, hydroalcoholic and carotenoid-enriched extracts from samples of pasta were tested in presence of antioxidant agent to determine viability variations. β-carotene and indoleacetic acid standards exerted a protective effect on HEK-293 cells while no effect was detected on MDCK. The concentrations tested are likely in the range of those reached in body after the consumption of a standard pasta meal. Carotenoid-enriched extracts and hydroalcoholic extracts showed different effects, observing rescues for rye pasta hydroalcoholic extract and buckwheat pasta carotenoid-enriched extract, while egg pasta showed milder dose depending effects assuming pro-oxidant behavior at high concentrations. The preliminary results suggest behaviors to be traced back to the whole phytocomplexes respect to single molecules and need further investigations.

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Extraction of Antioxidant Compounds from Blueberry Fruit Waste and Evaluation of Their In Vitro Biological Activity in Human Keratinocytes (HaCaT)

Food Analytical Methods ◽

10.1007/s12161-021-02056-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Tomasz Piechowiak ◽

Bartosz Skóra ◽

Katarzyna Grzelak-Błaszczyk ◽

Michał Sójka

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Waste Material ◽

Lower Amount ◽

Process Time ◽

Antioxidant Compounds ◽

Mass Unit ◽

Diet Supplements ◽

Study Results

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to investigate the biological properties of an extract obtained from the waste of blueberry fruit. The study covered the optimization of extraction of antioxidants from blueberry pomace and the determination of antioxidant properties of the extract using HaCaT as the model organism. Research showed that the yield of antioxidants extraction from blueberry waste was dependent on the applied extraction conditions. Based on the mathematical models, the optimal conditions of extraction process in which the maximum quantity of antioxidant compounds is achieved from the waste mass unit, i.e., the relation of the waste mass to the volume of ethanol equal to 1:17.36, and process time equal to 1000 s. The obtained extract was characterized by high antioxidant activity, which was shaped by high content of polyphenols, mainly anthocyanins. Moreover, the extract showed a high ability to protect HaCaT cells from the occurrence of oxidative stress induced by H2O2. Cells treated with the extract and H2O2 generated a lower amount of ROS than cells treated with H2O2 only. The obtained results will be base of further studies on applying the extract in production of diet supplements and functional foods with increased antioxidant activity. Moreover, the main research material is blueberry pomace which is a troublesome waste material for juice producers. Consequently, according to a sustainable development idea, the study results will provide an opportunity to increase interest in the problem of rational use of the waste material to a certain extent.

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Ethyl acetate fraction of Cymbopogon citratus as a potential source of antioxidant compounds

New Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.1039/c7nj04352j ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 42 (5) ◽

pp. 3642-3652 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ana Carolina Mendes Hacke ◽

Jacqueline Aparecida Marques ◽

José Carlos Rebuglio Vellosa ◽

Aline Augusti Boligon ◽

Fernanda D’Avila da Silva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Aqueous Phase ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽

Antioxidant Compounds ◽

Cymbopogon Citratus ◽

Potential Source

New fraction from a lemongrass acidic aqueous phase as a source of compounds with remarkable antioxidant properties by different in vitro mechanisms.

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Products Derived from Buchenavia tetraphylla Leaves Have In Vitro Antioxidant Activity and Protect Tenebrio molitor Larvae against Escherichia coli-Induced Injury

Pharmaceuticals ◽

10.3390/ph13030046 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 46

Author(s):

Tiago Fonseca Silva ◽

José Robson Neves Cavalcanti Filho ◽

Mariana Mirelle Lima Barreto Fonsêca ◽

Natalia Medeiros dos Santos ◽

Ana Carolina Barbosa da Silva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Lethal Dose ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Tenebrio Molitor ◽

Antioxidant Compounds ◽

Antioxidant Action ◽

Leaf Extracts ◽

E Coli ◽

Tenebrio Molitor Larvae

The relevance of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of several diseases (including inflammatory disorders) has traditionally led to the search for new sources of antioxidant compounds. In this work, we report the selection of fractions with high antioxidant action from B. tetraphylla (BT) leaf extracts. In vitro methods (DPPH and ABTS assays; determination of phenolic and flavonoid contents) were used to select products derived from B. tetraphylla with high antioxidant action. Then, the samples with the highest potentials were evaluated in a model of injury based on the inoculation of a lethal dose of heat-inactivated Escherichia coli in Tenebrio molitor larvae. Due to its higher antioxidant properties, the methanolic extract (BTME) was chosen to be fractionated using Sephadex LH-20 column-based chromatography. Two fractions from BTME (BTFC and BTFD) were the most active fractions. Pre-treatment with these fractions protected larvae of T. molitor from the stress induced by inoculation of heat-inactivated E. coli. Similarly, BTFC and BTFD increased the lifespan of larvae infected with a lethal dose of enteroaggregative E. coli 042. NMR data indicated the presence of aliphatic compounds (terpenes, fatty acids, carbohydrates) and aromatic compounds (phenolic compounds). These findings suggested that products derived from B. tetraphylla leaves are promising candidates for the development of antioxidant and anti-infective agents able to treat oxidative-related dysfunctions.

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Cytotoxic and antioxidant potentials of ellagic acid derivatives from Conocarpus lancifolius (Combretaceae)

Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research ◽

10.4314/tjpr.v19i5.24 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 19 (5) ◽

pp. 1037-1080

Author(s):

Malik Saadullah ◽

Muhammad Asif ◽

Abdul Sattar ◽

Kanwal Rehman ◽

Shahid Shah ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ellagic Acid ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Human Colon ◽

Antioxidant Compounds ◽

Phytochemical Analysis ◽

Human Colon Cancer ◽

Chemical Structures ◽

Ellagic Acid Derivatives ◽

Layer Chromatography

Purpose: Isolation, characterisation and structure elucidation of compounds obtained from Conocarpus lancifolius and screening of their pharmacological effects in vitro.Methods: After collection, authentication and extraction from whole C. lancifolius plants, screening for secondary metabolites, thin-layer chromatography and subsequent open column chromatography were performed for phytochemical analysis and subsequent purification of the compounds. The chemical structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated using spectroscopic (UV-visible, infrared and mass) spectroscopy, and nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR, 13C-NMR including BB, DEPT-135, 90 and two-dimensional correlation techniques, including HMBC and HSQC). The cytotoxic and antioxidant potentials of extracts and compounds obtained from C. lancifolius were evaluated using in vitro models.Results: Two ellagic acid derivatives, 2,3,8-tri-o-methylellagic acid (A) and 3-O-methylellagic acid 4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (B), were isolated. Both compounds (A and B) were cytotoxic in a variety of cancer cell lines, including murine lymphocytic leukaemia (P-388, half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) =3.60 and 2.40 μg/mL, respectively), human colon cancer (Col-2, IC50 = 0.76 and 0.92 μg/mL, respectively) and human breast cancer (MCF-7, IC50 = 0.65 and 0.54 μg/mL, respectively). Moreover, both compounds showed significant antioxidant potential in vitro.Conclusion: C. lancifolius extract and isolated ellagic acid derivatives (compounds A and B) possess cytotoxic and antioxidant properties. These findings suggest that C. lancifolius contains bioactive compounds that can be potentially developed as natural cytotoxic and antioxidant compounds. Keywords: Conocarpus lancifolius, Ellagic acid, Combretaceae, Cytotoxic activity, Antioxidant

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Quality of New Functional Powdered Beverages Enriched with Lyophilized Fruits—Potentially Bioaccessible Antioxidant Properties, Nutritional Value, and Consumer Analysis

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app10113668 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

pp. 3668 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Justyna Bochnak-Niedźwiecka ◽

Michał Świeca

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Reducing Power ◽

In Vitro Digestion ◽

In Vitro Bioaccessibility ◽

Trolox Equivalent ◽

Health Promoting

This study evaluates nutrients and health-promoting compounds responsible for antioxidant capacity in eight novel formulations based on lyophilized fruit and vegetable powders. The composition contained lyophilized carrot, pumpkin, lentil sprouts, raspberry, strawberry, and apple. The effect of functional additives on the antioxidant, nutritional, and functional characteristics of powdered beverages was determined in the powders and after rehydration followed by in vitro digestion. The antioxidant activity, phenols, vitamin C, and reducing power were significantly higher in the powders enriched with additives having potential functional properties. Furthermore, the analyses indicated that all the powdered formulations may be potential sources of total starch (100–112 mg/100 mL) and proteins (125–139 mg/100 mL). The designed powdered beverages after reconstitution exhibited high antioxidant content, reasonable consumer acceptance, and good in vitro bioaccessibility. The best results of antioxidant capacity were obtained for beverages enriched with raspberry, i.e., 10.4 mg Trolox equivalent (TE)/100 mL and 12.1 mg TE/100 mL rehydrated at 20 °C and 80 °C, respectively. Additionally, color characteristics were used as indicators of the quality of the powdered beverages. This research promotes the reduction of food waste, since whole plant tissues are used, thus allowing maximum exploitation of food raw materials; moreover, drying provides stable shelf life.

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Phenol Profiling and Nutraceutical Potential of Lycium spp. Leaf Extracts Obtained with Ultrasound and Microwave Assisted Techniques

Antioxidants ◽

10.3390/antiox8080260 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (8) ◽

pp. 260 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Luna Pollini ◽

Rachele Rocchi ◽

Lina Cossignani ◽

Jordi Mañes ◽

Dario Compagnone ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Properties ◽

In Vitro Assays ◽

Array Detector ◽

Antioxidant Compounds ◽

Ultrasound Assisted Extraction ◽

Leaf Extracts ◽

Phenol Compounds ◽

Microwave Assisted ◽

Assisted Extraction

In recent years, agricultural and industrial residues have attracted a lot of interest in the recovery of phytochemicals used in the food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries. In this paper, a study on the recovery of phenol compounds from Lycium spp. leaves is presented. Ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) and microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) have been used with alcoholic and hydroalcoholic solvents. Methanolic UAE was the most successful technique for extracting phenols from Lycium leaves, and we used on leaves from L. barbarum and L. chinense cultivated in Italy. The extracts were then characterized as regards to the antioxidant properties by in vitro assays and the phenol profiling by a high performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector (HPLC-DAD). Chlorogenic acid and rutin were the main phenol compounds, but considerable differences have been observed between the samples of the two Lycium species. For example, cryptochlorogenic acid was found only in L. barbarum samples, while quercetin-3-O-rutinoside-7-O-glucoside and quercetin-3-O-sophoroside-7-O-rhamnoside only in L. chinense leaves. Finally, multivariate statistical analysis techniques applied to the phenol content allowed us to differentiate samples from different Lycium spp. The results of this study confirm that the extraction is a crucial step in the analytical procedure and show that Lycium leaves represent an interesting source of antioxidant compounds, with potential use in the nutraceutical field.

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