The relationship between cognitive reserve and personality traits: a pilot study on a healthy aging Italian sample

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (10) ◽  
pp. 2031-2040 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Colombo ◽  
Giulia Piromalli ◽  
Brittany Pins ◽  
Catherine Taylor ◽  
Rosa Angela Fabio
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Cognitive Reserve ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Italian Sample

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SUICIDE IDEATION, DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS AND PERSONALITY TRAITS IN ELDERLY: PILOT STUDY RESULTS

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 129-139
Author(s):  
Jeļena Ļubenko ◽  
Viktorija Perepjolkina ◽  
Kristīne Mārtinsone ◽  
Elmārs Rancāns ◽  
Ainārs Stepens
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Suicide Ideation ◽  
World Health ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Severity Of Depression ◽  
The Relationship

Healthy aging and the research on the related factors is one of the World Health Organization's priorities for the 2020-2030 years. Depression and suicidal ideation can adversely affect an individual's aging experience. Personality traits are important factors that allow to predict the individual's behavior in different situations, as well as the accurance of emotional difficulties. The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between symptoms of depression, suicidal ideation and personality traits in elderly, and to determine whether the relationship between personality traits and suicidal ideation remains statistically significant after controlling the severity of depression symptoms. Thirty nine respondents aged 65 and over were included in the pilot study (M = 71.23; SD = 4.95). The Latvian Clinical Personality Inventory (LCPI) was used for data collection. The results indicate a statistically significant relationship between several personality traits, depression symptoms and suicidal ideation for elderly. Controlling the severity of depression symptoms, statistically significant correlations were found between suicidal ideation and personality traits such as distrust, social withdrawal, self-harm, dissociation proneness on facet level and introversion on domain level. The results of the pilot study largely coincide with the results of previous studies and indicate that certain personality traits, irrespective of the degree of severity of depression symptoms, can explain an additional variation in suicidal thoughts and, hence, the risk of suicide for elderly. It would be important to conduct a study with similar variables in a larger sample.

scholarly journals The profile of an intuitive decision maker and the use of intuition in decision-making practice

Management ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamila Malewska
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Decision Maker ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Final Part ◽  
Decisionmaking Process ◽  
Principal Parts ◽  
The Relationship

Summary The profile of an intuitive decision maker and the use of intuition in decision-making practice The aim of this paper is to determine the relationship between the personality traits identified in the literature as characteristic of an intuitive decision-maker and the use of intuition in the decisionmaking process. In order to empirically verify this issue, the author conducted a pilot study. The article consists of three principal parts and is both theoretical and empirical in nature. The first part presents the essence of intuition and attempts to define this ambiguous concept. Next, the personality traits, abilities and predispositions which make up the profile of an intuitive decision maker are discussed. The final part of the paper is devoted to presenting the results obtained in the course of this empirical research.

Pilot Study on the Relationship between Personality Traits and Skin Conductivity of Specific Surface Points as Measured by Motoyama's Apparatus

1999 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 739-746
Author(s):  
Jerry R. Livesay ◽  
Gaetan Chevalier
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Specific Surface ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Personality Inventory ◽  
Electrodermal Response ◽  
Measuring Apparatus ◽  
Eysenck Personality Inventory ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Skin Conductivity ◽  
The Relationship

This pilot study used Motoyama's electrodermal response-measuring apparatus to test resting skin conductivity from 28 extremity digit surface coordinates of 33 subjects who also were administered the Eysenck Personality Inventory on an alternatively assigned basis for the dimensions of extraversion and neuroticism. Correlations show significant relationships between neuroticism and extraversion raw scores on two of the 14 bilateral finger surface coordinates.

The Relationship Between Narcissism and Personality Traits of the Five-Factor-Model in Adolescents and Young Adults

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 516-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Allroggen ◽  
Peter Rehmann ◽  
Eva Schürch ◽  
Carolyn C. Morf ◽  
Michael Kölch
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Grandiose Narcissism ◽  
Vulnerable Narcissism ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract.Narcissism is seen as a multidimensional construct that consists of two manifestations: grandiose and vulnerable narcissism. In order to define these two manifestations, their relationship to personality factors has increasingly become of interest. However, so far no studies have considered the relationship between different phenotypes of narcissism and personality factors in adolescents. Method: In a cross-sectional study, we examine a group of adolescents (n = 98; average age 16.77 years; 23.5 % female) with regard to the relationship between Big Five personality factors and pathological narcissism using self-report instruments. This group is compared to a group of young adults (n = 38; average age 19.69 years; 25.6 % female). Results: Grandiose narcissism is primarily related to low Agreeableness and Extraversion, vulnerable narcissism to Neuroticism. We do not find differences between adolescents and young adults concerning the relationship between grandiose and vulnerable narcissism and personality traits. Discussion: Vulnerable and grandiose narcissism can be well differentiated in adolescents, and the pattern does not show substantial differences compared to young adults.

Individual Differences in Students' Preferences for Lecturers' Personalities

2005 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 176-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Furnham ◽  
Tomas Chamorro-Premuzic
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Student Ratings ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Personality Profile ◽  
Similarity Effect ◽  
Intelligence Scores ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. This study examines the relationship between students' personality and intelligence scores with their preferences for the personality profile of their lecturers. Student ratings (N = 136) of 30 lecturer trait characteristics were coded into an internally reliable Big Five taxonomy ( Costa & McCrae, 1992 ). Descriptive statistics showed that, overall, students tended to prefer conscientious, open, and stable lecturers, though correlations revealed that these preferences were largely a function of students' own personality traits. Thus, open students preferred open lecturers, while agreeable students preferred agreeable lecturers. There was evidence of a similarity effect for both Agreeableness and Openness. In addition, less intelligent students were more likely to prefer agreeable lecturers than their more intelligent counterparts were. A series of regressions showed that individual differences are particularly good predictors of preferences for agreeable lecturers, and modest, albeit significant, predictors of preferences for open and neurotic lecturers. Educational and vocational implications are considered.

In Search of the Prosocial Personality

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anja Wertag ◽  
Denis Bratko
Keyword(s):  
Prosocial Behavior ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Dark Triad ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. Prosocial behavior is intended to benefit others rather than oneself and is positively linked to personality traits such as Agreeableness and Honesty-Humility, and usually negatively to the Dark Triad traits (i.e., Machiavellianism, narcissism, and psychopathy). However, a significant proportion of the research in this area is conducted solely on self-report measures of prosocial behavior. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between prosociality and the basic (i.e., HEXACO) and dark personality traits, comparing their contribution in predicting both self-reported prosociality and prosocial behavior. Results of the hierarchical regression analyses showed that the Dark Triad traits explain prosociality and prosocial behavior above and beyond the HEXACO traits, emphasizing the importance of the Dark Triad in the personality space.

Investment Traits and Intelligence in Adulthood

2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie von Stumm
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Fluid Intelligence ◽  
Need For Cognition ◽  
Openness To Experience ◽  
Intelligence Tests ◽  
Crystallized Intelligence ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Over Time

Intelligence-as-knowledge in adulthood is influenced by individual differences in intelligence-as-process (i.e., fluid intelligence) and in personality traits that determine when, where, and how people invest their intelligence over time. Here, the relationship between two investment traits (i.e., Openness to Experience and Need for Cognition), intelligence-as-process and intelligence-as-knowledge, as assessed by a battery of crystallized intelligence tests and a new knowledge measure, was examined. The results showed that (1) both investment traits were positively associated with intelligence-as-knowledge; (2) this effect was stronger for Openness to Experience than for Need for Cognition; and (3) associations between investment and intelligence-as-knowledge reduced when adjusting for intelligence-as-process but remained mostly significant.

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