The World of Carbohydrates and Associated Natural Products

1999 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Mario Pinto
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
The World

scholarly journals Neuroprotective Effects, Biological Activities and Therapeutic Potential of Phytochemicals: A Comprehensive Review

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Xi-jun Wang ◽  
Shi Qiu ◽  
Aihua Zhang ◽  
Jian-hua Miao ◽  
Hui Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Chemical Biology ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Neuroprotective Effects ◽  
Alternative Medicines ◽  
Pharmacological Targets ◽  
The World

The incidence of neurological disorders is growing in the world together with an increased lifespan. Nowadays, there are still no effective treatments for neurodegenerative pathology, which make necessary to search for new therapeutic agents. Natural products, most of them used in phytochemicals from herbal medicine, are considered promising alternatives for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Numerous herbs have been applied to neurodegenerative disease treatments as complementary and alternative medicines. In the 21st century, omics-coupled functional pharmacology was developed for neurodegenerative drug discovery from natural products. In this article, we firstly provide the latest understanding of neurological disorders on risk factors, category, diagnosis and treatment, and then specially present an overview of natural products in neuroprotective effects research from chemical biology to pharmacological targets, and also discuss the natural products application and future challenge.

21. Making the World a Colourful Place: Exploration of the Key Condensation Enzymes in the Biosynthesis of Prodiginines and Tambjamines

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine Picott
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Catalytic Mechanism ◽  
Step Process ◽  
Similar Construction ◽  
The World ◽  
Antifungal Effects ◽  
Made In

Bacteria produce many natural products that have useful bioactivities such as antibiotic, anticancer and antifungal effects. In bacteria, these molecules are made in a step-by-step process using proteins called enzymes that assist in building the molecule at each step of the process. This research is focusing on the biosynthesis of two classes of natural products called prodiginines and tambjamines. The molecules in each class have different structures but follow similar construction steps. Both processes first form the same common intermediate, then in the final step this intermediate is combined with another unique intermediate to make the final product. In this study, the enzyme that is involved in the final step of the process will be characterized for both prodiginine and tambjamine-type molecules. By purifying the enzymes for both types of molecule properties such as their catalytic mechanism, substrate flexibility, and structure can be determined and compared.

scholarly journals Microbial Transformations of Organically Fermented Foods

Metabolites ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruma Raghuvanshi ◽  
Allyssa G. Grayson ◽  
Isabella Schena ◽  
Onyebuchi Amanze ◽  
Kezia Suwintono ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Fermentation Process ◽  
Molecular Diversity ◽  
Food Type ◽  
Fermented Foods ◽  
Microbial Fermentation ◽  
Soil Community ◽  
Specialized Metabolites ◽  
The World ◽  
Salt Brine

Fermenting food is an ancient form of preservation ingrained many in human societies around the world. Westernized diets have moved away from such practices, but even in these cultures, fermented foods are seeing a resurgent interested due to their believed health benefits. Here, we analyze the microbiome and metabolome of organically fermented vegetables, using a salt brine, which is a common ‘at-home’ method of food fermentation. We found that the natural microbial fermentation had a strong effect on the food metabolites, where all four foods (beet, carrot, peppers and radishes) changed through time, with a peak in molecular diversity after 2–3 days and a decrease in diversity during the final stages of the 4-day process. The microbiome of all foods showed a stark transition from one that resembled a soil community to one dominated by Enterobacteriaceae, such as Erwinia spp., within a single day of fermentation and increasing amounts of Lactobacillales through the fermentation process. With particular attention to plant natural products, we observed significant transformations of polyphenols, triterpenoids and anthocyanins, but the degree of this metabolism depended on the food type. Beets, radishes and peppers saw an increase in the abundance of these compounds as the fermentation proceeded, but carrots saw a decrease through time. This study showed that organically fermenting vegetables markedly changed their chemistry and microbiology but resulted in high abundance of Enterobacteriaceae which are not normally considered as probiotics. The release of beneficial plant specialized metabolites was observed, but this depended on the fermented vegetable.

scholarly journals Antiplasmodial natural products: an update

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nasir Tajuddeen ◽  
Fanie R. Van Heerden
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
World Health ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Insecticide Treated Nets ◽  
Scientific Databases ◽  
The World ◽  
Significant Public Health ◽  
Public Health Challenge ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Background Malaria remains a significant public health challenge in regions of the world where it is endemic. An unprecedented decline in malaria incidences was recorded during the last decade due to the availability of effective control interventions, such as the deployment of artemisinin-based combination therapy and insecticide-treated nets. However, according to the World Health Organization, malaria is staging a comeback, in part due to the development of drug resistance. Therefore, there is an urgent need to discover new anti-malarial drugs. This article reviews the literature on natural products with antiplasmodial activity that was reported between 2010 and 2017. Methods Relevant literature was sourced by searching the major scientific databases, including Web of Science, ScienceDirect, Scopus, SciFinder, Pubmed, and Google Scholar, using appropriate keyword combinations. Results and Discussion A total of 1524 compounds from 397 relevant references, assayed against at least one strain of Plasmodium, were reported in the period under review. Out of these, 39% were described as new natural products, and 29% of the compounds had IC50 ≤ 3.0 µM against at least one strain of Plasmodium. Several of these compounds have the potential to be developed into viable anti-malarial drugs. Also, some of these compounds could play a role in malaria eradication by targeting gametocytes. However, the research into natural products with potential for blocking the transmission of malaria is still in its infancy stage and needs to be vigorously pursued.

scholarly journals Antinociceptive, Anti-Inflammatory, and Antipyretic Activity of Mangrove Plants: A Mini Review

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Shilpi ◽  
M. E. Islam ◽  
M. Billah ◽  
K. M. D. Islam ◽  
F. Sabrin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Biological Activity ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Active Compound ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Antipyretic Activity ◽  
Mangrove Plants ◽  
The World ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
The Web

Mangrove plants are specialised plants that grow in the tidal coasts of tropic and subtropic regions of the world. Their unique ecology and traditional medicinal uses of mangrove plants have attracted the attention of researchers over the years, and as a result, reports on biological activity of mangrove plants have increased significantly in recent years. This review has been set out to compile and appraise the results on antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic activity of mangrove plants. While the Web of Knowledge, Google Scholar, and PubMed were the starting points to gather information, other pieces of relevant published literature were also adequately explored for this purpose. A total of 29 reports on 17 plant species have been found to report such activities. While 19 reports were on the biological activity of the crude extracts, 10 reports identified the active compound(s) of various chemical classes of natural products including terpenes, steroids, and flavonoids. This review finds that antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic activity appears to be widespread in mangrove plants.

scholarly journals Role of Antioxidant Natural Products in Management of Infertility: A Review of Their Medicinal Potential

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 957
Author(s):  
Seungjin Noh ◽  
Ara Go ◽  
Da Bin Kim ◽  
Minjeong Park ◽  
Hee Won Jeon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Endometrial Receptivity ◽  
Cancer Growth ◽  
Oxygen Stress ◽  
The World ◽  
Angelica Keiskei ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
One Year

Infertility, a couple’s inability to conceive after one year of unprotected regular intercourse, is an important issue in the world. The use of natural products in the treatment of infertility has been considered as a possible alternative to conventional therapies. The present study aimed to investigate the effects and the mechanisms of various natural products on infertility. We collected articles regarding infertility and natural products using the research databases PubMed and Google Scholar. Several natural products possess antioxidant properties and androgenic activities on productive factors and hormones. Antioxidants are the first defense barrier against free radicals produced by oxidative stress (OS). They remove reactive oxygen stress (ROS), reducing insulin resistance, total cholesterol, fat accumulation, and cancer growth. Moreover, various natural products increase endometrial receptivity and fertility ability showing androgenic activities on productive factors and hormones. For example, Angelica keiskei powder and Astragalus mongholicus extract showed anti-infertility efficacies in males and females, respectively. On the other hand, adverse effects and acute toxicity of natural products were also reported. Tripterygium glycoside decreased fertility ability both in males and females. Results indicate that management of infertility with natural products could be beneficial with further clinical trials to evaluate the safety and effect.

scholarly journals Dendrimers as Drug Carriers. A New Approach to Increase the Potential of Bioactive Natural Products

2006 ◽  
Vol 1 (7) ◽  
pp. 1934578X0600100
Author(s):  
Costas Demetzos
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Drug Carriers ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
World Health ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Bioactive Natural Products ◽  
The World ◽  
Poorly Water Soluble ◽  
Health Organization

Nanotechnology is a challenging field in science and its application in medicine will bring significant advantages in the treatment of diseases. According to the World Health Organization there is a need for improved therapies against cancer, AIDS and Alzheimer's disease. The new therapies include the design of drug delivery systems, which are able to deliver new bioactive natural products to the target tissues. Dendrimers are hyperbranched polymers with well defined structure and molecular weight; they are composed of a central core and repeated branching units; they have a globular shape, low polydispersity and large void internal spaces that can be used for the encapsulation and delivery of many classes of compounds. Nanosystems, such as dendrimers, can achieve successful administration of poorly water-soluble compounds and those with narrow therapeutic indices.

scholarly journals Toxicity Assessment of Structurally Relevant Natural Products from Mexican Plants with Antinociceptive Activity

2017 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karina Martinez-Mayorga ◽  
Andrés F. Marmolejo-Valencia ◽  
Fernando Cortes-Guzman ◽  
Juan Carlos García-Ramos ◽  
Eric Iván Sánchez-Flores ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Opioid Receptors ◽  
Analgesic Activity ◽  
Structural Diversity ◽  
Toxicity Assessment ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Antinociceptive Activity ◽  
Toxicological Profile ◽  
The World

UNIIQUIM database contains molecules from Mexican plants, one of the richest sources of bioactive molecules in the world. Here, we describe the chemical and toxicological profile of molecules with analgesic activity from UNIIQUIM. Most of the compounds are likely to interact with opioid receptors. The predicted acute toxicity is low and none is predicted mutagenic. Given the structural diversity, and biological and toxicity profiles, these molecules represent a new avenue in the search of molecules with antinociceptive activity.

scholarly journals Biomass Valorization Using Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents: What’s New in France?

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (21) ◽  
pp. 6556
Author(s):  
Laura Wils ◽  
Soukaina Hilali ◽  
Leslie Boudesocque-Delaye
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Sustainable Chemistry ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Biomass Valorization ◽  
Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
The World

With the growing interest in more environmentally friendly solvents and processes, the introduction of Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents (NaDES) as low cost, non-toxic and biodegradable solvents represent a new opportunity for green and sustainable chemistry. Thanks to their remarkable advantages, NaDES are now arousing growing interest in many fields of research such as food, health, cosmetics and biofuels. Around the world, NaDES are seen as a promising alternative to commonly used petrochemical solvents. The objective of this review is to draw up a panorama of the existing skills on NaDES in French laboratories and industries for the valuation of natural products. This review therefore focuses on current applications, skills and perspectives, in order to analyze the place of French research in the use of NaDES for the valorization of biomass since 2015.

scholarly journals Natural Products as Potential Lead Compounds for Drug Discovery Against SARS-CoV-2

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oyere Tanyi Ebob ◽  
Smith B. Babiaka ◽  
Fidele Ntie-Kang
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Drug Discovery ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Literature Survey ◽  
Lead Compounds ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
New Vaccines

AbstractFor the past 2 years, the coronavirus responsible for the COVID-19 infection has become a world pandemic, ruining the lives and economies of several nations in the world. This has scaled up research on the virus and the resulting infection with the goal of developing new vaccines and therapies. Natural products are known to be a rich source of lead compounds for drug discovery, including against infectious diseases caused by microbes (viruses, bacteria and fungi). In this review article, we conducted a literature survey aimed at identifying natural products with inhibitory concentrations against the coronaviruses or their target proteins, which lie below 10 µM. This led to the identification of 42 compounds belonging to the alkaloid, flavonoid, terpenoid, phenolic, xanthone and saponin classes. The cut off concentration of 10 µM was to limit the study to the most potent chemical entities, which could be developed into therapies against the viral infection to make a contribution towards limiting the spread of the disease.

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