The difference between MNCs and local firms when facing an economic crisis: an exploratory view of the Indonesian economic crisis of 1997–2001

2007 ◽  
pp. 3-22
Author(s):  
Firmanzah ◽  
A. Prasetyantoko
Keyword(s):  
Economic Crisis ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Local Firms

scholarly journals Immigration from the CIS countries to Russia in the context of the economic crisis in the Russian Federation

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 677-694
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Piekutowska ◽  
Monika Fiedorczuk
Keyword(s):  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Gdp Per Capita ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Foreign Labour ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Cis Countries

Research background: A series of changes towards the greater openness to the influx of foreign labour force made in recent years in the Russian Federation prompts for analysis of immigration to this country as adopted solutions in the field of the migration policy affect other regions of destination (e.g. EU). Liberalisation of access of migrants to the Russian labour market is a part of a wider problem: competition (on an international scale) for an influx of foreign labour force. In this context, it is worth examining how the crisis which affected the Russian economy influenced the scale of immigration to Russia from the main sending countries, i.e. the countries of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS). Purpose of the article: The aim of the article is to show the impact of the crisis which affected the Russian economy in recent years on the scale of immigration from the CIS countries to Russia. The main hypothesis is as follows: the factor explaining immigration from the CIS countries to Russia is the difference in the level of income measured by GDP per capita (PPP) between the sending state and the country of destination. Such studies have not been undertaken so far and, due to the role of factors inherent in the concept of post-imperial migration, it becomes relevant to examine whether the factors shaping migration (including the differences in the level of income) recognised in the neoclassical theory of migration are important in explaining the flows in this area. Methods: In order to check the relationship between immigration and the economic crisis in Russia, the analysis of correlation and regression was used. Findings & Value added: It has been shown that despite the decline in GDP in Russia, immigration from the CIS countries to Russia is not decreasing. Therefore, it is a dependence different from the assumptions of the neoclassical economy according to which the reduction of differences in the level of income between the sending state and the country of destination reduces the scale of international migrations. As it has been shown, the scale of migration to Russia may not be explained by the difference in the level of GDP per capita in all CIS countries and, inter alia, political factors, conflicts or naturalisation processes become more important in shaping the scale of migration to Russia.

scholarly journals GLOBAL TRADE IMBALANCES – AN ANALYSIS BEFORE AND AFTER THE GLOBAL ECONOMIC CRISIS

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (15) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Jelena Trivić
Keyword(s):  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Global Trade ◽  
Global Imbalances ◽  
Total Trade ◽  
Trade Imbalances ◽  
Global Economic Crisis ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference

The scope of this paper is to define thenotion of global imbalances as well as to present theamounts of trade imbalances of the world's largest tradersin the period before and in the aftermath of the globaleconomic crisis. Although the global economic crisis hassomewhat corrected high deficits, or surpluses of the world'slargest traders, data show that after the recovery of worldtrade after the global economic crisis, there is a resumptionof trade imbalances in these countries. The global tradeimbalances of the world's largest traders are shown inabsolute terms as the difference between the import andexport of goods, but also in relative terms expressed as ashare of the surplus or deficit in the gross domestic productof each country. It is important to point out that thirteencountries whose trade imbalances are represented in thispaper, either individually or as aggregated within a group ofcountries, make up over half of the world's total trade ingoods.

Law and Order Policies and Conservative Parties

2020 ◽  
pp. 131-168
Author(s):  
Georg Wenzelburger
Keyword(s):  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Policy Change ◽  
Political System ◽  
Institutional Constraints ◽  
Legislative Process ◽  
Law And Order ◽  
A Priority ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Government ◽  
Policy Shifts

Chapter 5 presents evidence on how two conservative governments, the Bildt government in Sweden in the early 1990s and the French UMP governments at the beginning of the 2000s, embarked on rather different policy paths although both governments had pledged to implement harsher law and order policies. The difference between the two countries is explained by the fact that the Swedish political system constrains radical policy shifts by a legislative process that is lengthy and aimed at consensus. Therefore, the government simply did not have enough time to implement what might have been a major policy change. Second, the importance of law and order policies was greatly reduced in Sweden due to a major financial and economic crisis that hit the country only months after the government took office—hence, crime and security were not a priority. In France, in contrast, institutional constraints were weak, which explains the shift toward a harsher stance.

scholarly journals Public Deficits in USMCA Economies During the COVID-19 Economic Crisis

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Juan Alberto Vázquez Muñoz ◽  
Nancy Ivonne Muller Durán ◽  
Josué Zavaleta González
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Time Series ◽  
Fiscal Policy ◽  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Fiscal Reform ◽  
Potential Output ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Economic Capacity

This paper aims to evaluate the fiscal policy implemented by the USMCA economies to deal with the COVID-19 economic crisis. We estimate the economic capacity (potential output) and the Cyclical Primary Balance as a percentage of GDP (CPB) of each of the scrutinized economies. Then we obtain the Cyclical Adjusted Primary Balance as a percentage of GDP (CAPB) as the difference between the Primary Balance (PB) and the CPB. Unlike previous CPB estimations, we obtain the potential output reference as the Economic Capacity methodology (Shaikh and Moudud, 2004), which overcome some alternative methodologies problems. According to our empirical analysis, an asymmetric fiscal policy stands across USMCA economies. Canada and the United States are using a countercyclical fiscal policy, while Mexico uses a procyclical one. Mexico should abandon its current fiscal policy, implement an alternative to support households and firms during crisis periods, and execute a progressive fiscal reform. Our paper's limitation is that we use PB and not its components to estimate the CPB; however, we use a more extended time series, contributing to obtaining more robust results.

scholarly journals Evaluasi nilai ekspor dan impor regional Association of Southeast Asian Nations Sebelum dan setelah Krisis ekonomi tahun 1998

INFERENSI ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 329-350
Author(s):  
Agus Eko Sujianto ◽  
Sokib Sokib
Keyword(s):  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Trade Balance ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Paired Sample ◽  
Asean Member ◽  
Regional Association ◽  
Main Variable ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference

The purposes of this research are to evaluate the difference of export value of ASEAN member countries before and after economic crisis in 1998 and to evaluate the difference of import value of ASEAN member countries before and after economic crisis in 1998. While export and import become the main variable of research this sekgus is an important component of the preparation of the trade balance. The research data used secondary data of export and import in 1982-1997 (period before economic crisis in 1998) and 1999-2014 (period after economic crisis in 1998) from annual publication of ADB. Based on the Paired Sample t-Test test it can be argued that: the export value of ASEAN member countries before and after the crisis differed significantly and the import value of ASEAN member countries before and after crisis differed significantly

scholarly journals The Politics of Public Sector Wages: Ontario’s Social Dialogue for Austerity

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (1 / 2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryan Evans
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Common Sense ◽  
Fiscal Capacity ◽  
Social Dialogue ◽  
Conservative Government ◽  
Public Sector Unions ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Fonction Publique

The economic crisis has revealed the extent to which sustaining the key tenets of the ‘Common Sense Revolution’, implemented by the Conservative government of Premier Mike Harris, have eroded the fiscal capacity of Ontario. The proposal to freeze public sector wages and the ensuing consultation with public sector unions and employers in the spring/summer of 2010 signal Ontario is about to return to the rollback neoliberalism that dominated the 1990s. The difference between now and then is the more defensive posture of organized labour and the limited capacities that exist to resist such an assault. La crise économique a révélé l’étendue avec laquelle le maintien des principaux principes du ‘Common Sense Révolution’, introduits par le gouvernement conservateur du Premier Mike Harris, a érodé la capacité fiscale de l’Ontario. La proposition de geler les salaires de la fonction publique et la consultation qui s’ensuivit avec les syndicats et les employeurs du secteur public au cours du printemps et de l’été de 2010 indiquent que l’Ontario est sur le point de retourner au néolibéralisme qui dominait les années 1990. La différence entre aujourd’hui et hier est la position plus défensive du mouvement syndical et les capacités limitées qui existent pour s’opposer à une telle attaque.

scholarly journals Unemployment and Growth in the Tourism Sector in Mexico: Revisiting the Growth-Rate Version of Okun’s Law

Economies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Sánchez López
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Okun’S Law ◽  
Okun's Law ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Relationship

In this paper, we analyze, by means of the difference version of Okun’s law, the relationship between tourism sector growth and unemployment in Mexico during the period 2000Q2–2018Q4. The results show that tourism growth is a palliative for unemployment, whereas unemployment reduces the growth of the tourism sector. The results also show that the relationship between the mentioned variables becomes stronger during an economic crisis and weaker during expansion periods.

Strategy of Overcoming the Crisis in Russia

2009 ◽  
pp. 47-58
Author(s):  
L. Evstigneeva ◽  
R. Evstigneev
Keyword(s):  
Linear System ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Global Economic Crisis ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Synergetic Model ◽  
Urgent Necessity

The paper connects the current global economic crisis with ending the Long Kondratieff Wave and entering a new one. Neoliberal recipes have been already out of date for such transformation as well as for further functioning of the economy. According to the authors, neither the monetarist nor the Keynesian approaches can substitute them. The only alternative is the synergetic model of development, first of all building the market hierarchy instead of the traditional linear system of governance. The urgent necessity of comprehending strategical interaction between the synergetic transformation and the systemic integrity of economy is stressed upon in the article. All through the paper the crises in the USA and Russia are compared. In particular, it is suggested the crisis in our country might be deeper if one takes into account the difference between the depth of economic and social bottoms in both countries.

scholarly journals Performance of Foreign and Local Firms in Pakistan: A Comparison

1991 ◽  
Vol 30 (4II) ◽  
pp. 837-847 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zafar Mahmood ◽  
Jafar Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Economies Of Scale ◽  
Labour Productivity ◽  
Capital Intensity ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Foreign Firms ◽  
Skill Intensity ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
Capital Intensive ◽  
Local Firms

There is a little doubt in the argument that foreign-owned (henceforth foreign) fIrms are more productive than local fIrms in less-developed countries because the former use more capital-intensive techniques, employ more qualifIed workers, and are able to reap the economies of scale [see Blomstrom (1988); Chudnovsky (1979) and Willmore (1986)]. Such arguments, however, do not ascertain whether effIciency of foreign fIrms is due to any ownership-specifIc advantage or to other factors such as industrial distribution (product mix), size of the fIrm, capital intensity, skill intensity, market concentration, and export orientation. To arrive at some conclusive empirical verifIcation concerning the labour productivity differences between foreign and local firms, it is essential to take into account the difference between capital intensity and skill intensity, etc., and control the size and products of fIrms. Most of the previous studies are aggregative and failed to control for differences in size or type of products. Moreover, the previous studies considered only a few aspects of performance.

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