Clinical implications of codependency as a model of health disorders associated with stress, in wives of men with alcohol dependence

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S303-S303
Author(s):  
V. Korostiy ◽  
H. Kozhyna ◽  
M. Markova ◽  
V. Yaruj
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Psychosocial Stress ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Alcohol Problems ◽  
Social Adaptation ◽  
Comprehensive Treatment ◽  
Stressful Situation ◽  
Shame And Guilt ◽  
Health Disorders ◽  
Group B

IntroductionThe potential adverse consequences, personal distress, shame and guilt presented by patients who suffer from codependency require a more in-depth understanding of the phenomenology of this disorder.ObjectiveTo determine targets of psychotherapy work with the codependency wives of men with alcohol dependence (AD).AimTo determine the features of clinical manifestations of codependency as a model of health disorders associated with stress.MethodsIntegrated clinical-psychopathological and psychodiagnostic research, using anxiety and depression scales M. Hamilton, scale of psychosocial stress L. Reeder and methods for determining stress and social adaptation of Holmes and Rahe.ResultsOne hundred and sixty wives of men with AD, depending on the type of AD (TF Babor's classification), were divided into two groups: group A, 80 patients with AD type A and 80 their wives, and group B, 80 men with AD by type B TF Babor, and 80 wives. Comparison group consisted of 50 married women whose husbands are not suffering from AD.All the wives of men with AD distortions emotional state of the prevalence of pathological manifestations of depression and anxiety clinically delineated levels and high levels of psychosocial stress and low stress, unlike women men without alcohol problems. It was found that the more severe psychopathological manifestations occurring in the wives of men with a family history, burdened alcohol and drug abuse (group B).ConclusionsAvailable data suggest that a single mechanism of family experiences a stressful situation, we were put in the basis for developing a comprehensive treatment measures and psychotherapeutic support codependent wives patients with AD.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Symptoms of Alcohol Dependence Predict Suicide Ideation Among Alaskan Undergraduates

Crisis ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 232-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher R. DeCou ◽  
Monica C. Skewes
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Suicide Ideation ◽  
Alcohol Problems ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Causal Mechanism ◽  
Students At Risk ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Alcohol Related Problems

Abstract. Background: Previous research has demonstrated an association between alcohol-related problems and suicidal ideation (SI). Aims: The present study evaluated, simultaneously, alcohol consequences and symptoms of alcohol dependence as predictors of SI after adjusting for depressive symptoms and alcohol consumption. Method: A sample of 298 Alaskan undergraduates completed survey measures, including the Young Adult Alcohol Consequences Questionnaire, the Short Alcohol Dependence Data Questionnaire, and the Beck Depression Inventory – II. The association between alcohol problems and SI status was evaluated using sequential logistic regression. Results: Symptoms of alcohol dependence (OR = 1.88, p < .05), but not alcohol-related consequences (OR = 1.01, p = .95), emerged as an independent predictor of SI status above and beyond depressive symptoms (OR = 2.39, p < .001) and alcohol consumption (OR = 1.08, p = .39). Conclusion: Alcohol dependence symptoms represented a unique risk for SI relative to alcohol-related consequences and alcohol consumption. Future research should examine the causal mechanism behind the relationship between alcohol dependence and suicidality among university students. Assessing the presence of dependence symptoms may improve the accuracy of identifying students at risk of SI.

Prefrontal Cortex Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Treatment in Alcohol Dependence Syndrome (PreCoTTA): Study Protocol for a Double-Blind Randomized Sham-Controlled Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anagha S. Deshmukh ◽  
Samir Kumar Praharaj ◽  
Shweta Rai ◽  
Asha Kamath ◽  
Dinesh Upadhya
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Direct Current ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Comprehensive Treatment ◽  
Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Alcohol Dependence Syndrome

Background: Alcohol dependence is a significant public health problem, contributing to the global health burden. Due to its immense socio-economic burden, various psychosocial, psychological, and pharmacological approaches have attempted to alter the behaviour of the patient misusing or abusing alcohol, but their efficacy is modest at best. Therefore, there is a search for newer treatment approaches, including noninvasive brain stimulation in the management of alcohol dependence. We plan to study the efficacy of Prefrontal Cortex Transcranial direct current stimulation Treatment in Alcohol dependence syndrome (PreCoTTA). Methods: Two hundred twenty-five male patients with alcohol dependence syndrome will be randomized into the three study arms (2 active, left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and left orbitofrontal cortex, and 1 sham) to receive a total of 14 tDCS sessions (10 continuous and 4 booster sessions). Data will be collected from them at five different time points on clinical, neuropsychological and biochemical parameters. In addition, 225 healthy age and education matched controls will be administered the neuropsychological test battery at baseline for comparison with the patient group. Discussion: The proposed study aims to explore the use of non-invasive brain stimulation; tDCS as a treatment alternative. We also aim to overcome the methodological gaps of limited sample sizes, fewer tDCS intervention sessions, lack of long term follow ups to measure the sustainability of gains and lack comprehensive measures to track changes in functioning and abstinence after tDCS intervention. The main outcomes include clinical (reduction in cue-induced craving, time to first drink and QFI); neuropsychological (risk-taking, impulsivity, and other neuropsychological domains) and biochemical markers (BDNF, leptin and adiponectin). The findings of the study will have translational value as it may help to improve the clinician’s ability to effectively manage craving in patients with alcohol dependence syndrome. Furthermore, we will have a better understanding of the neuropsychological and biochemical effects of non-invasive brain stimulation techniques which are of interest in the comprehensive treatment of addiction disorders. Trial registration: The study has been registered with the Clinical Trials Registry-India (CTRI/2020/09/027582) on September 03rd 2020.

Causes and Types of Sensorineural Hearing Loss. Clinical Manifestations and Basic Principles of Treatment

2020 ◽  
pp. 9-16
Author(s):  
Sergey Armakov
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing Loss ◽  
Inner Ear ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing ◽  
Doppler Imaging ◽  
Comprehensive Treatment ◽  
Impaired Hearing ◽  
Temporal Bones ◽  
The Brain

Sensorineural hearing loss is a disorder associated with the damage to the inner ear structures: the cochlea (cortical organ), dysfunctioning of the vestibule-cochlear nerve or the central part of the auditory analyser (brain stem and cortical representation of the cortical temporal lobe). In recent years, there has been a steady increase in ensorineural hearing loss patients; they account for ca. 70% among the total patients with impaired hearing. The disease has numerous causes and a complex pathogenesis. Among the main factors contributing to hearing loss are genetic predisposition, perinatal pathology, including hypoxia at childbirth, exposure to infectious and toxic agents and metabolic disorders, injuries (mechanical, acoustic and altitude trauma). Vascular-rheological disorders in the vertebro-basilar system play an important part because blood is supplied to the inner ear from the anterior inferior cerebellar artery. There are sudden, acute and chronic sensorineural hearing loss. The ensorineural hearing loss isdiagnosed by examinations that allow to verify the diagnosis and to determine the sound analyser damage level. This complex includes audiometric examinations, including the tuning fork examination, speech audiometry, and acoustic impedancemetry. If necessary, ultrasound Doppler imaging of the main blood vessels of the brain, computed tomography of the temporal bones, and MRI of the brain are prescribed. The pattern of comprehensive treatment should include, first of all, the elimination of the disease cause and anti-hypoxic drugs, anti-oxidants and a number of physiotherapy procedures.

scholarly journals Palmoplantar psoriasis: a comparative therapeutic study

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 779
Author(s):  
Sathya Narayanan Rajendran ◽  
Sukanya Mathupal Gurusamy
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Options ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Inflammatory Dermatosis ◽  
Duration Of Illness ◽  
Erythrodermic Psoriasis ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Therapeutic Study

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Psoriasis is an immunologically mediated inflammatory dermatosis presenting with extremely variable clinical manifestations ranging from indolent lesions to life threatening forms of pustular and erythrodermic psoriasis. Palmoplantar psoriasis present as hyperkeratotic scaly plaques with fissures and can be managed with different treatment forms. This study was done to compare the efficacy between topical and systemic treatment options.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> The study was conducted in a tertiary level teaching hospital after ethical committee clearance. Fifty patients with palmoplantar psoriasis were allocated into the two groups using simple random sampling. PPPASI scoring was calculated to assess the extent of involvement. Patients in Group A were prescribed calcipotriol with clobetasol propionate ointment. Group B patients were given tablet methotrexate.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Twenty eight patients were males M: F of 1.27: 1. Mean age was 36. Mean duration of illness was eleven months. Most of these patients were manual laborers. 32 patients had lesions over both palms and soles, 9 over palms alone and 9 involving soles alone. Mean PASI reduction at 16 weeks was seen maximum with methotrexate. Compliance was comparatively good with methotrexate than topical. Though mean PASI reduction and compliance was good, relapse rates were higher with methotrexate in our study.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> There was no significant change in clinico-epidemiology and presentation of palmoplantar psoriasis. Methotrexate was observed to be the more efficacious modality in treating palmoplantar psoriasis.</p>

scholarly journals The efficacy of iCBT added to treatment as usual for alcohol dependent patients in Primary Care: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin Hyland ◽  
Anders Hammarberg ◽  
Erik Hedman-Lagerlöf ◽  
Magnus Johansson ◽  
Sven Andreasson
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Alcohol Problems ◽  
Primary Study ◽  
Mixed Effect ◽  
Treatment As Usual ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Alcohol Dependent

Abstract Introduction Alcohol dependence is a common disorder with a continuum regarding severity. Most alcohol dependent persons have a moderate level of dependence and live under socially orderly conditions. Treatment seeking in this group is low, mainly due to stigma and because treatment options are seen as unappealing. Alcohol is a relevant topic to discuss in many primary care (PC) consultations and PC is less stigmatizing to visit compared to addiction care units for people with alcohol problems. General practitioners (GP) hesitate to engage in treating alcohol problems due to time constraints and lack of knowledge. Screening and brief interventions are effective for high consumers but there are few studies on dependence. Methods This is a two-group, parallel, randomized controlled trial (RCT). The aim is to study whether an Internet based Cognitive Behavioral Treatment (iCBT) when added to treatment as usual (TAU) is more effective than TAU only for alcohol dependence in PC. 260 adults with alcohol dependence will be included. Participants are randomized to iCBT and TAU or TAU only. The primary study outcome is alcohol consumption in grams per week and heavy drinking days. Secondary outcomes include alcohol related problem severity, number of diagnostic criteria for alcohol dependence, depression and anxiety symptoms, health related quality of life and biochemical markers for high consumption and liver pathology. Data will be analyzed using mixed-effect models. Discussion Internet based interventions are attractive to and have been shown to reach people with alcohol problems. Yet there are no studies investigating the efficacy of internet treatment of alcohol dependence in PC. In this study we hypothesize that iCBT when added to TAU will improve treatment outcome for alcohol dependence in PC, compared to TAU only. If effective, iCBT can be distributed to the public to a low cost for a stakeholder and has the opportunity to reduce both short term and long-term public health costs. Trial registration: ISRCTN69957414. Retrospectively registered 07/06/2018. http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN69957414

scholarly journals Genome-wide variations of SARS-CoV-2 infer evolution relationship and transmission route

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lehai Zhang ◽  
Shifu Wang ◽  
Qian Ren ◽  
Junjie Yang ◽  
Yanqin Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Detection ◽  
Detection Efficiency ◽  
Evolutionary Relationship ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Coding Region ◽  
Gene Coding ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Relationship Of

AbstractIn the epidemic evolution of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the issues of mutation, origin, typing and the effect of mutation on molecular detection remain to be unrevealed. In order to identify the evolutionary relationship of SARS-CoV-2 and evaluate the detection efficiency of primers that are currently used in different countries, we retrieved genomic sequences of 373 SARS-CoV-2 strains from multiple databases and performed genome-wide variation analysis. According to the nucleotide C28144T variation, the SARS-CoV-2 can be divided into group A (117 strains) and group B (256 strains). The spike protein gene (S gene) coding region 1841 (total 23403) A1841G, formed a B1 subgroup (40 strains) in group B, of which 30 strains were from European and American countries in March (especially Washington, USA). These mutations are likely to be influenced by the environment or the immunization selection pressure of different populations. Although the mutation is not in the receptor binding region (RBD) and alkaline cleavage region, it may also affect the ability of transmission and pathogenicity; however, the significance is not yet clear. As the ratio of A / B strains in the epidemic months showed an increasing trend (0.35: 1 in January, 0.62: 1 in February and 0.76: 1 in March), it seems that the transmissibility of group A strains becomes stronger with time. Based on the variation of 11 nucleotide sites during the epidemic process, it is speculated that the Washington strain is more like an ancestor type, and the Wuhan strain is the offspring of the group A virus strain. By comparing the detection capabilities of primers in different countries, the SARS-CoV-2 nucleotide variation may only affect molecular detection of very few strains. The differences in the transmissibility, pathogenicity and clinical manifestations of different types of strains require further investigations.

scholarly journals The use of interferon inducers in the comprehensive treatment for the prevention of tick-borne viral encephalitis

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 329-334
Author(s):  
Sergey L. Kazakovtsev ◽  
T. V Sologub ◽  
V. V Tsvetkov
Keyword(s):  
Viral Encephalitis ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Standard Dose ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Post Exposure Prophylaxis ◽  
Comprehensive Treatment ◽  
Post Exposure ◽  
Immunoglobulin Preparations ◽  
Exposure Prophylaxis

The use of immunoglobulin preparations for the postexposure prevention of tick-borne encephalitis as the main therapeutic and prophylactic agent fails to have enough high efficiency. For the postexposure prevention and treatment of tick-borne viral encephalitis the use of preparation tioloroin seems to be appropriate. Objective. To determine the expedience of the use of the preparation tiloron for the emergency prevention of tick-borne viral encephalitis and to evaluate its effectiveness in the treatment of patients with febrile and meningeal forms of this infection. Materials and Methods. The evaluation ofpost-exposure prophylaxis of tick-borne was carried out in two groups of individuals (each group was consisted of 100 cases), suffered from the suction of ticks infected by encephalitis virus. Both groups sought for medical help in the first 48 hours after the moment of the tick suction. None of the victims has not been vaccinated against the disease and had no serological markers of infection. According to existing regulations, patients in both groups received post-exposure prophylaxis antiviral tick immunoglobulin in the standard dose. Patients of the second group additionally received an interferon inducer drug tiloron. For the evaluation of the therapeutic efficacy of the drug tiloron there was executed the analysis of clinical and laboratory picture of verified tick-borne viral encephalitis in 40 patients treated at "Republican Hospital for Infectious Diseases" of the city of Syktyvkar in the period from 2010 to 2015. There were studied the dynamics of clinical symptoms, haematological and biochemical markers, CSF, certain immunological indices: CD4, CD8, CD4/CD8, IgM and IgG. For the comparative assessment of the effectiveness of treatment, all the examined patients were divided into 4 groups depending on the clinical diagnosis and ongoing taken causal treatment. Results. Among the patients received post-exposure prophylaxis with inclusion of the preparation tiloron, the disease developed significantly less often, without the formation offocal forms. The use of tiloron in combination therapy reduced the duration of main clinical manifestations in patients with febrile and meningeal forms of the disease, contributed to a more rapid rehabilitation of cerebrospinal fluid, recovery of subpopulations of T-lymphocytes. Conclusions. Immunomodulating inductor tiloron is effective in complex treatment and prevention of tick-borne viral encephalitis.

scholarly journals The analysis of complex influence of the adverse ecological/ professional factors on reproduction health of the women

2003 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-46
Author(s):  
Vitaly F. Bezhenar ◽  
Evgeny F. Kira ◽  
Yuri V. Tsvelev ◽  
А. E. Antushevich ◽  
А. M. Nikiforov
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Toxic Chemical ◽  
Radiation Accident ◽  
Chemical Production ◽  
Occupational Factors ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Comprehensive Examination ◽  
Health Disorders ◽  
Complex Influence

As a result of the study and generalization of the results of a comprehensive examination of 3339 women, the main mechanisms of occurrence, clinical manifestations and dynamics of reproductive health disorders in women under the combined influence of unfavorable environmental and occupational factors (radiation accident, toxic chemical production) were established and the main directions for their diagnosis, treatment and prevention were substantiated.

scholarly journals External genital endometriosis: treatment and rehabilitation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G. Solopova ◽  
E. E. Achkasov ◽  
V. S. Moskvichyova ◽  
E. Grigorevskaya ◽  
D. M. Ampilogova
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Pathological Process ◽  
Social Adaptation ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Current View ◽  
Comprehensive Treatment ◽  
Modern Approach ◽  
Rehabilitation Programs

Aim: to systematize data on rehabilitation methods and management tactics for women with external form of genital endometriosis.Materials and Methods. We searched for publications in international scientific databases: scientific electronic library eLibrary, Scholar, ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library, PubMed/MEDLINE for the last 5 years. The data on the modern approach to the therapy and rehabilitation of women with external genital endometriosis are presented. Search terms in Russian and English were used: “endometriosis”, “rehabilitation”, “gynecology”, “quality of life”.Results. Endometriosis is considered an independent risk factor for the development of malignant tumors not only of the reproductive system, but also of the large intestine, bladder, mammary glands. The review presents a current view of the treatment and rehabilitation of women with external genital endometriosis. Endometriosis is a polyetiological disease that can manifest itself as dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, chronic pelvic pain, as well as dysuria and dyshesia when involving adjacent organs in the pathological process. Relapses, infertility, emotional and psychosexual disorders, problems with socialization are often detected in these patients.Conclusion. It is necessary not only to conduct comprehensive treatment, but also to develop personalized rehabilitation programs that can improve the quality of life, as well as create comfortable conditions for social adaptation in society.

CLINICAL AND EPIDEMIOLOGIC OBSERVATIONS ON ENTEROVIRUS INFECTION IN A CIRCUMSCRIBED COMMUNITY DURING AN EPIDEMIC OF ECHO 9 INFECTION

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1960 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-26
Author(s):  
Martha Lipson Lepow ◽  
David H. Carver ◽  
Frederick C. Robbins
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Recent Infection ◽  
Inapparent Infection ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Echo Virus ◽  
Serologic Evidence ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Simultaneous Infection ◽  
Group B

A clinical, epidemiologic and laboratory study was undertaken in a housing development during an epidemic of illness due to ECHO virus, type 9. The clinical manifestations varied with age. The younger children exhibited an exanthem while older persons frequently had evidence of irritation of the central nervous system. Multiple cases occurred within families, with the incidence of illness highest in the younger age groups. No serious consequences of the illness were seen. Echo 9 virus was recovered with greater frequency from the intestinal contents of young children with illness than from ill adults, although serologic evidence of recent infection in these adults could be demonstrated. The rate of inapparent infection with ECHO 9 virus was low. Virus rarely persisted in the feces beyond 14 days after onset of illness. Group B Coxsackie viruses, type 4 and type 5, were found also to be the cause of many infections within the same population at the same time. Illnesses due to these viruses were similar to those due to ECHO 9 virus, except that no eruption was observed. The rate of inapparent infection was higher than that observed with ECHO 9 virus. Simultaneous infection with ECHO 9 virus and Coxsackie B4 or B5 virus was rare.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document