scholarly journals Improved Antioxidant Capacity of Black Tea Waste Utilizing PlantCrystals

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abraham M. Abraham ◽  
Reem M. Alnemari ◽  
Jana Brüßler ◽  
Cornelia M. Keck
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Aqueous Media ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Black Tea ◽  
Pharmaceutical Products ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Plant Waste

Antioxidants are recommended to prevent and treat oxidative stress diseases. Plants are a balanced source of natural antioxidants, but the poor solubility of plant active molecules in aqueous media can be a problem for the formulation of pharmaceutical products. The potential of PlantCrystal technology is known to improve the extraction efficacy and antioxidant capacity (AOC) of different plants. However, it is not yet proved for plant waste. Black tea (BT) infusion is consumed worldwide and thus a huge amount of waste occurs as a result. Therefore, BT waste was recycled into PlantCrystals using small-scale bead milling. Their characteristics were compared with the bulk-materials and tea infusion, including particle size and antioxidant capacity (AOC) in-vitro. Waste PlantCrystals possessed a size of about 280 nm. Their AOC increased with decreasing size according to the DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) and ORAC (oxygen radical absorbance capacity) assays. The AOC of the waste increased about nine-fold upon nanonization, leading to a significantly higher AOC than the bulk-waste and showed no significant difference to the infusion and the used standard according to DPPH assay. Based on the results, it is confirmed that the PlantCrystal technology represents a natural, cost-effective plant-waste recycling method and presents an alternative source of antioxidant phenolic compounds.

scholarly journals Establishing Relationship between Vitamins, Total Phenolic and Total Flavonoid Content and Antioxidant Activities in Various Honey Types

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (15) ◽  
pp. 4399
Author(s):  
Norhasnida Zawawi ◽  
Pei Juin Chong ◽  
Nurul Nadhirah Mohd Tom ◽  
Nurkhairina Solehah Saiful Anuar ◽  
Salma Malihah Mohammad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Phenolic Acids ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Extrinsic Factors ◽  
Biochemical Compounds ◽  
Phenolic And Flavonoid

Honey is a well-known natural sweetener and is rich in natural antioxidants that prevent the occurrence of oxidative stress, which is responsible for many human diseases. Some of the biochemical compounds in honey that contribute to this property are vitamins and phenolic compounds such as phenolic acids and flavonoids. However, the extent to which these molecules contribute towards the antioxidant capacity in vitro is inconsistently reported, especially with the different analytical methods used, as well as other extrinsic factors that influence these molecules’ availability. Therefore, by reviewing recently published works correlating the vitamin, total phenolic, and flavonoid content in honey with its antioxidant activities in vitro, this paper will establish a relationship between these parameters. Based on the literature, vitamins do not contribute to honey’s antioxidant capacity; however, the content of phenolic acids and flavonoids has an impact on honey’s antioxidant activity.

scholarly journals Metal Chelating and Cupric Ion Reducing Antioxidant Capacities of Ammoides atlantica Aqueous Extract

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4-s) ◽  
pp. 108-111
Author(s):  
Karima Loucif ◽  
Hassiba Benabdallah ◽  
Fatima Benchikh ◽  
Soulaf Mehlous ◽  
Chahrazed Kaoudoune ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Cupric Ion ◽  
Metal Chelating

Reactive oxygen (ROS) and nitrogen species (RNS) are produced in all cells and play important roles in physiology. The loss of the redox balance, either by an increase of oxidant molecules ROS and RNS or by decreased antioxidant system activities cause a state of oxidative stress. Several studies are going on worldwide directed towards finding natural antioxidants of plant origin. Plants containing phenolic compounds have been reported to possess strong antioxidant activity. The objective of this study is to evaluate total polyphenols and flavonoids contents (TPC and TFC) as well as examine the in vitro antioxidative properties from aqueous extract of Ammoides atlantica (AqE). TPC was estimated utilizing Folin-Ciocalteu's reagent. TFC was evaluated utilizing the aluminum chloride method. The antioxidant properties were evaluated using metal chelating and cupric ion reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) assays. Indeed, results showed that the AqE is rich in polyphenols (141.74±0.44 µg gallic acid equivalents/ mg of dry weight), and flavonoids (61.87±6.7 µg quercetin equivalent/ mg dry weight). These phytochemical compounds possess significant antioxidant activities. The results showed that AqE exhibited a good Metal chelating activity with an IC50 of 36.57±4.73 µg/ mL. CUPRAC assay showed that AqE extract exhibited high cupric ion reducing antioxidant capacity with an A0.5 of 8.58±0.13 µg/mL. These findings provide evidence that AqE of Ammoides atlantica is a potential source of antioxidant which have many benefits towards human health. Keywords: Ammoides atlantica, aqueous extract, phenolic compounds, metal chelating and cupric ion reducing antioxidant capacity.

scholarly journals Determination of in Vitro Antioxidant Enzyme Capacity and Oxidative Stress Levels in Mazı Meşesi (Quercus infectoria)

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 814-817
Author(s):  
İlter Demirhan ◽  
Büşra Çitil ◽  
Mehmet Özyurt ◽  
Meltem Güngör ◽  
Erkan Öner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Spectrophotometric Methods ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Quercus Infectoria

South East Anatolia Region has a large genetic plant diversity due to its physical and different climatic charesteristics. These plants are potential sources of antioxidants that prevent oxidative stress caused by oxygen and photons. In recent years, it has become important to study the antioxidant capacity of many molecules found naturally in foods and biological systems. The reason for this is that it is believed that when the consumption of food rich in antioxidants is increased, the risk of developing different degenerative diseases will be reduced. In this study, it was aimed to measure the antoxidant capacity of Quercus infectoria, G.olivier gal seeds grown in Southeastern Anatolia. Q. infectoria gal seeds from Sanlıurfa province were used in our study. Q. infectoria gal seeds were extracted with water, ethanol and methanol and then antioxidant enzyme activities (catalase and superoxide dismutase) and malondialdehyde levels, which are indicators of oxidative stress were determined by spectrophotometric methods. It was found that the antioxidant capacity (catalase and superoxide dismutase activities) of extracts obtained from ethanol and methanol were higher and their malondialdehyde levels were statistically lower than those obtained from water. However, it was determined that there was no statistically significant difference between the antioxidant capacity and malondialdehyde levels of the extracts obtained from methanol compared to the extracts obtained from ethanol. It has been concluded that Q. infectoria gal seed has a effective antioxidant effect. In addition, it was observed that extracts obtained from ethanol and methanol have higher antioxidant capacity than extracts obtained from water.

scholarly journals Mangiferin Rich Products from Aphloia theiformis (Vahl) Benn Leaves: Extraction, Fractionation, Phytochemical Characterization, and Antioxidant Properties

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 2081
Author(s):  
Dovilė Grauzdytė ◽  
Audrius Pukalskas ◽  
Chaker El Kalamouni ◽  
Petras Rimantas Venskutonis
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Liquid Extraction ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Synthetic Antioxidant ◽  
Liquid Liquid Extraction ◽  
Extraction Solvents ◽  
First Time

Aphloia theiformis is traditionally used in Mauritius, Madagascar, and Reunion Island for treating several diseases. In this study, various extraction solvents and schemes were applied for the recovery of antioxidant rich fractions from the leaves of A. theiformis. The products were evaluated for their antioxidant capacity using well known in vitro assays. Major compounds were characterized by UPLC–QTOF–MS. Hydrophilic extracts of A. theiformis demonstrated strong antioxidant properties, which are comparable with the synthetic antioxidant Trolox. UPLC analysis confirmed mangiferin as the main secondary metabolite of A. theiformis. Tormentic and hydroxytormentic acids as well as their isomers were also abundant in A. theiformis extracts and fractions, while their amounts were determined for the first time. The most potential extract was further separated into the fractions by liquid-liquid extraction and by precipitation at low temperature. Antioxidant capacity and composition of secondary metabolites of derived fractions were determined. Some of the fractions possessed remarkable antioxidant capacity, comparable to pure mangiferin. The results obtained reveal high potential of A. theiformis for recovery of natural antioxidants and other bioactive phytochemicals, particularly mangiferin.

scholarly journals Intracellular Delivery of Natural Antioxidants via Hyaluronan Nanohydrogels

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elita Montanari ◽  
Chiara Di Meo ◽  
Tommasina Coviello ◽  
Virginie Gueguen ◽  
Graciela Pavon-Djavid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Umbilical Vein ◽  
Aqueous Media ◽  
Intracellular Delivery ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Antioxidant Agents

Natural antioxidants, such as astaxanthin (AX), resveratrol (RV) and curcumin (CU), are bioactive molecules that show a number of therapeutic effects. However, their applications are remarkably limited by their poor water solubility, physico-chemical instability and low bioavailability. In the present work, it is shown that self-assembled hyaluronan (HA)-based nanohydrogels (NHs) are taken up by endothelial cells (Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells, HUVECs), preferentially accumulating in the perinuclear area of oxidatively stressed HUVECs, as evidenced by flow cytometry and confocal microscopy analyses. Furthermore, NHs are able to physically entrap and to significantly enhance the apparent water solubility of AX, RV and CU in aqueous media. AX/NHs, RV/NHs and CU/NHs systems showed good hydrodynamic diameters (287, 214 and 267 nm, respectively), suitable ζ-potential values (−45, −43 and −37 mV, respectively) and the capability to neutralise reactive oxygen species (ROS) in tube. AX/NHs system was also able to neutralise ROS in vitro and did not show any toxicity against HUVECs. This research suggests that HA-based NHs can represent a kind of nano-carrier suitable for the intracellular delivery of antioxidant agents, for the treatment of oxidative stress in endothelial cells.

scholarly journals Content of phenolic compounds in fruit processing residues by mass spectrometry

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 35043
Author(s):  
Julianna Matias Vagula ◽  
Jesuí Vergilio Visentainer ◽  
Ana Paula Lopes ◽  
Fabiana Carla Maistrovicz ◽  
Eliza Mariane Rotta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Syzygium Jambos ◽  
Fruit Processing ◽  
Alternative Sources ◽  
Hovenia Dulcis

This study identified and quantified five phenolic compounds, and evaluated the antioxidant capacity in vitro of fifteen native and exotic Brazilian fruit seeds that are typically discarded as waste. The contents of phenolic compounds were determined by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry, and the antioxidant capacity was determined by oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH•) antioxidant assays. The results showed the antioxidant activity of Campomanesia pubescens, Hovenia dulcis Thunberg and Syzygium jambos (L.) Alston in the ORAC assay, and Hymenaea stigonocarpa, Hovenia dulcis Thunberg and Campomanesia pubescens in the DPPH• assay. Among the fifteen samples, four were highlighted regarding phenolic compound analyzes: Hovenia dulcis Thunberg (5.723 µg g-1) for gallic acid and myricetin (111.057 µg g-1), Passiflora edulis (1.208 µg g-1) for chlorogenic acid, Annona atemoya (1.0580 µg g-1) for vanillic acid, and Campomanesia pubescens (0.420 µg g-1) for ferulic acid. Therefore, these fruit seeds can be used as alternative sources of natural antioxidants.

Antioxidant Activity In Vitro of Selenium Polysaccharide of Thlaspi caerulescens L. Rich in Selenium

2012 ◽  
Vol 518-523 ◽  
pp. 5518-5522 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chi Zhang ◽  
Xing Ping Liu
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
Thlaspi Caerulescens ◽  
Dose Effect ◽  
Atomic Fluorescence Spectrometry ◽  
Selenium Content ◽  
Total Selenium

The antioxidant capacity of the human body is closely related to its ability of disease resistance and anti-aging. It is a current research focus to find effective anti-oxidants used in medicine, food, health care, beauty make-up from natural plants. In this paper, we studied the content of selenium in selenium polysaccharide and its antioxidant activity in vitro of Thlaspi caerulescens L. produced from Yutangba of Enshi selenium mining area. The double tracts atomic fluorescence spectrometry is used to detect the total selenium content in the sample and that of selenium polysaccharide in the active ingredient of the sample. The salicylic acid method and pyrogallol autoxidation method are used to detect the scavenging activity of selenium polysaccharide on hydroxyl radicals and superoxide anion. Experiments show that the total amount of selenium in Thlaspi caerulescens L. is 708ug.g-1, while the amount of selenium in selenium polysaccharide is 98.1ug.g-1, accounting 13.86% of the total selenium content. Meanwhile, selenium polysaccharide in samples is with significant antioxidant capacity, and it shows a certain dose-effect relationship. Selenium polysaccharide has stronger anti-oxidation ability than pure polysaccharide compared with non-selenium polysaccharide. Therefore, plants rich in selenium are better natural antioxidants. This study will provide the necessary experimental basis for the effective and rational development and utilization of Thlaspi caerulescens L. rich in selenium

scholarly journals Comparative In Vitro Quality Evaluation of Different Brands of Ibuprofen Tablets Marketed in Mekelle, Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brhane Gebrehiwot Welegebrial ◽  
Getu Kahsay ◽  
Tadele Eticha ◽  
Hailekiros Gebretsadik
Keyword(s):  
Quality Evaluation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Pharmaceutical Products ◽  
Dissolution Profile ◽  
Dissolution Test ◽  
Drug Content ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Required Quality

Abstract Objective: Quality of pharmaceutical products is required to guarantee their safety and efficacy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the physicochemical quality attributes of different brands of ibuprofen tablets marketed in Mekelle, Ethiopia. The methods stated in the British Pharmacopeia were adopted for weight uniformity, hardness, friability, disintegration test and assay of drug content. Dissolution test was also carried out as stated in the United States Pharmacopeia. To compare dissolution profile, statistical analysis of drug release at different time points were employed. Results: All the brands were found with acceptable pharmacopeial specifications for weight uniformity, friability, hardness, assay of drug content and dissolution test. Six brands fulfilled the pharmacopeial requirements of disintegration test while one brand failed to disintegrate as per the BP specification. However, there were statistically significant difference in weight, hardness, disintegration, dissolution and amount of drug content among the tested samples. Thus, from this study we can conclude that all the products fulfilled the required quality evaluation parameters as stipulated in pharmacopeias except one brand which failed the disintegration test. However, the in vitro dissolution profile indicated that there may be a potential bio-in equivalence among the pharmaceutical products.

scholarly journals In-vitro Antioxidant Capacity, Phytochemical Characterisation, Toxic and Functional Properties of African Yam Bean (Sphenostylis stenocarpa) Seed-Enriched Cassava (Manihot esculenta) Product (Pupuru)

2020 ◽  
pp. 84-98
Author(s):  
Folayemi Janet Isaac-Bamgboye ◽  
Victor Ndigwe Enujiugha ◽  
Matthew Olusola Oluwamukomi
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Functional Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
African Yam Bean ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Phytochemical Constituents ◽  
Flour Blends ◽  
Sphenostylis Stenocarpa

Aims: This study aimed at determining the In-vitro antioxidant capacity, characterise phytochemical constituents, assess toxic and functional properties of African yam bean (Sphenostylis stenocarpa) seed-enriched Cassava product (Pupuru) flour blends using standard methods. Methodology: Pupuru flour blends were produced from spontaneously-fermented cassava tubers substituted with African yam bean (Sphenostylis stenocarpa) seed (AYBS) (5% (EP5), 10% (EP10) and 15% (EP15), before toasting, cooling, milling, sieving and packaging. A commercial sample (CP) with 100% cassava and another produced in this study, were used as controls. Results: In-vitro 2,2-Azino-bis (3-ethylbenthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) and 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging abilities, total flavonoid content (TFC), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and total phenol content (TPC) increased significantly (P = .05) as AYBS enrichment levels increased. The commercial and laboratory control samples showed no significant difference (P = .05) in all the antioxidants analysed except DPPH: ABTS (7.61- 12.27%); DPPH (26.34-48.26%); TFC (0.10-0.25 mg CAE/g); FRAP (0.81-2.36 (mg/g) and TPC (15.74- 24.15 mg GAE/g). All the phytochemicals except tannins increased significantly (P = .05) as levels of enrichment with AYBS increased. Tannins, phytates, saponins, alkaloids and oxalates were 1.46 -2.87 (mg/g); 0.85-1.40 mg/100 g; 4.18-13.27 mg/g; 24.89-29.05 mg/g and 1.71-3.23 mg/g, respectively. The toxic constituent revealed that all the samples contained significantly different (P = .05) cyanide ranging from 0.87-2.51 mg/kg which reduced as AYBS level of inclusion increased. The functional properties of the samples were significantly (P = .05) enhanced with AYBS enrichment. Conclusion: Utilisation of AYBS to enrich Pupuru increased its In-vitro antioxidant capacity and phytochemical constituents, reduced the toxic cyanide content enhanced the functional properties, hence, its suitability as a nutraceutical to delay the ageing process and prevent cardiovascular diseases.

scholarly journals Comparative In Vitro Quality Evaluation of Different Brands of Ibuprofen Tablets Marketed in Mekelle, Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brhane Gebrehiwot Welegebrial ◽  
Getu Kahsay ◽  
Tadele Eticha ◽  
Hailekiros Gebretsadik
Keyword(s):  
Quality Evaluation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Pharmaceutical Products ◽  
Dissolution Profile ◽  
Dissolution Test ◽  
Drug Content ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Objective Quality

Abstract Objective Quality of pharmaceutical products is required to guarantee their safety and efficacy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the physicochemical quality attributes of different brands of ibuprofen tablets marketed in Mekelle, Ethiopia. The methods stated in the British Pharmacopeia were adopted for weight uniformity, hardness, friability, disintegration test and assay of drug content. Dissolution test was also carried out as stated in the United States Pharmacopeia. To compare dissolution profile, statistical analysis of drug release at different time points were employed.Results All the brands were found with acceptable pharmacopeial specifications for weight uniformity, friability, hardness, assay of drug content and dissolution test. Six brands fulfilled the pharmacopeial requirements of disintegration test while one brand failed to disintegrate as per the BP specification. However, there were statistically significant difference in weight, hardness, disintegration, dissolution and amount of drug content among the tested samples. Thus, from this study we can conclude that all the products fulfilled the required quality evaluation parameters as stipulated in pharmacopeias except one brand which failed the disintegration test. However, the in vitro dissolution profile indicated that there may be a potential bio-in equivalence among the pharmaceutical products.

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