Long-term exposure to ambient nitrogen dioxide and ozone modifies systematic low-grade inflammation: The CHCN-BTH study

2022 ◽  
Vol 239 ◽  
pp. 113875
Author(s):  
Kuo Liu ◽  
Han Cao ◽  
Bingxiao Li ◽  
Chunyue Guo ◽  
Wei Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Dioxide ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Low Grade Inflammation

scholarly journals Metabolic biomarker profiling for identification of susceptibility to severe pneumonia and COVID-19 in the general population

eLife ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Heli Julkunen ◽  
Anna Cichońska ◽  
P Eline Slagboom ◽  
Peter Würtz
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Disease Onset ◽  
Severe Pneumonia ◽  
Blood Sampling ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Metabolic Biomarkers ◽  
Low Grade Inflammation ◽  
Increased Susceptibility

Biomarkers of low-grade inflammation have been associated with susceptibility to a severe infectious disease course, even when measured prior to disease onset. We investigated whether metabolic biomarkers measured by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy could be associated with susceptibility to severe pneumonia (2507 hospitalised or fatal cases) and severe COVID-19 (652 hospitalised cases) in 105,146 generally healthy individuals from UK Biobank, with blood samples collected 2007–2010. The overall signature of metabolic biomarker associations was similar for the risk of severe pneumonia and severe COVID-19. A multi-biomarker score, comprised of 25 proteins, fatty acids, amino acids and lipids, was associated equally strongly with enhanced susceptibility to severe COVID-19 (odds ratio 2.9 [95%CI 2.1–3.8] for highest vs lowest quintile) and severe pneumonia events occurring 7–11 years after blood sampling (2.6 [1.7–3.9]). However, the risk for severe pneumonia occurring during the first 2 years after blood sampling for people with elevated levels of the multi-biomarker score was over four times higher than for long-term risk (8.0 [4.1–15.6]). If these hypothesis generating findings on increased susceptibility to severe pneumonia during the first few years after blood sampling extend to severe COVID-19, metabolic biomarker profiling could potentially complement existing tools for identifying individuals at high risk. These results provide novel molecular understanding on how metabolic biomarkers reflect the susceptibility to severe COVID-19 and other infections in the general population.

scholarly journals Multiplex Bead Array Assay of a Panel of Circulating Cytokines and Growth Factors in Patients with Albuminuric and Non-Albuminuric Diabetic Kidney Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 3006
Author(s):  
Vadim V. Klimontov ◽  
Anton I. Korbut ◽  
Nikolai B. Orlov ◽  
Maksim V. Dashkin ◽  
Vladimir I. Konenkov
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factors ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Hs Crp ◽  
Low Grade Inflammation ◽  
Egfr Decline ◽  
Multiplex Bead ◽  
Circulating Cytokines

A panel of cytokines and growth factors, mediating low-grade inflammation and fibrosis, was assessed in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and different patterns of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Patients with long-term T2D (N = 130) were classified into four groups: no signs of CKD; estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <60 mL/min/1.73 m2 without albuminuria; albuminuria and eGFR ≥60 mL/min/1.73 m2; albuminuria and eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m2. Thirty healthy subjects were acted as control. Twenty-seven cytokines and growth factors were assessed in serum by multiplex bead array assay. Serum hs-CRP, urinary nephrin, podocine, and WFDC2 were measured by ELISA. Patients with T2D showed elevated IL-1Ra, IL-6, IL-17A, G-CSF, IP-10, MIP-1α, and bFGF levels; concentrations of IL-4, IL-12, IL-15, INF-γ, and VEGF were decreased. IL-6, IL-17A, G-CSF, MIP-1α, and bFGF correlated negatively with eGFR; IL-10 and VEGF demonstrated negative associations with WFDC2; no relationships with podocyte markers were found. Adjusted IL-17A and MIP-1α were predictors of non-albuminuric CKD, IL-13 predicted albuminuria with preserved renal function, meanwhile, IL-6 and hsCRP were predictors of albuminuria with eGFR decline. Therefore, albuminuric and non-albuminuric CKD in T2D patients are associated with different pro-inflammatory shifts in the panel of circulating cytokines.

scholarly journals Serum Calprotectin and Chemerin Concentrations as Markers of Low-Grade Inflammation in Prepubertal Children with Obesity

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (20) ◽  
pp. 7575 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grażyna Rowicka ◽  
Hanna Dyląg ◽  
Magdalena Chełchowska ◽  
Halina Weker ◽  
Jadwiga Ambroszkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Low Grade ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Prepubertal Children ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Normal Body Weight ◽  
Wbc Count ◽  
Low Grade Inflammation

In adults, obesity is associated with chronic low-grade inflammation, which may cause long-term adverse health consequences. We evaluated whether obesity in prepubertal children also generates this kind of inflammation and whether calprotectin and chemerin may be useful markers for early detection of such inflammation in this group of children. The study population included 83 children aged 2 to 10 years; 62 with obesity and without components of metabolic syndrome and 21 healthy controls with normal body weight. White blood cell (WBC) count, concentrations of C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), calprotectin, and chemerin were determined in peripheral blood. Our study showed that in the group with obesity, serum concentrations of calprotectin and chemerin, as well as CRP were significantly higher as compared with the controls. We found a significant positive correlation between serum chemerin concentrations and BMI z-score (r = 0.33, p < 0.01) in children with obesity. Chemerin concentration was also positively correlated with CRP level (r = 0.36, p < 0.01) in the whole group of children. These findings suggest that obesity may generate chronic low-grade inflammation as early as in the prepubertal period which can be indicated by significantly higher serum concentrations of calprotectin and chemerin. Calprotectin and especially chemerin seem to be promising indicators of this type of inflammation in children with obesity, but the correlation between these markers requires further research.

scholarly journals Increased Serum and Musculotendinous Fibrogenic Proteins following Persistent Low-Grade Inflammation in a Rat Model of Long-Term Upper Extremity Overuse

PLoS ONE ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. e71875 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen G. L. Gao ◽  
Paul W. Fisher ◽  
Alex G. Lambi ◽  
Christine K. Wade ◽  
Ann E. Barr-Gillespie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Low Grade Inflammation

scholarly journals Implication of Aging Related Chronic Neuroinflammation on COVID-19 Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Bossù ◽  
Elisa Toppi ◽  
Valentina Sterbini ◽  
Gianfranco Spalletta
Keyword(s):  
Severe Disease ◽  
Severe Case ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Chronic Neuroinflammation ◽  
Low Grade Inflammation ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Conditions

SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic, leads to a respiratory syndrome and other manifestations. Most affected people show no or mild symptoms, but the risk of severe disease and death increases in older people. Here, we report a narrative review on selected studies targeting aging-related chronic neuroinflammation in the COVID-19 pandemic. A hyperactivation of the innate immune system with elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines occurs during severe COVID-19, pointing to an important role of the innate immune dysregulation in the disease outcome. Aging is characterized by a general condition of low-grade inflammation, also connected to chronic inflammation of the brain (neuroinflammation), which is involved in frailty syndrome and contributes to several age-associated diseases, including neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders. Since neuroinflammation can be induced or worsened by the virus infection itself, as well as by stressful conditions like those linked to the recent pandemic, the role of neuroinflammatory mechanisms could be central in a vicious circle leading to an increase in the mortality risk in aged COVID-19 patients. Furthermore, triggered neuroinflammatory pathways and consequent neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric conditions might be potential long-term complications of COVID-19. In order to provide insights to help clinicians in identifying patients who progress to a more severe case of the disease, this review underlines the potential implications of aging-related neuroinflammation in COVID-19 pandemic.

scholarly journals A Six-Month Supplementation of Mulberry, Korean Red Ginseng, and Banaba Decreases Biomarkers of Systemic Low-Grade Inflammation in Subjects with Impaired Glucose Tolerance and Type 2 Diabetes

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.-J. Kim ◽  
K.-H. Yoon ◽  
M.-J. Kang ◽  
H.-W. Yim ◽  
K.-S. Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Impaired Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Adhesion Molecule ◽  
Glucose Homeostasis ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Mulberry Leaf ◽  
Low Grade Inflammation

We sought the long-term efficacy of traditionally used antidiabetic herbs in controlling blood glucose homeostasis and low-grade inflammation. Ninety-four subjects with either impaired glucose tolerance or mild T2D were randomized either to treatment arm or placebo arm and received 1 : 1 : 1 mixture of ginseng roots, mulberry leaf water extract, and banaba leaf water extract (6 g/d) for 24 weeks. Oral 75 g glucose tolerance test was performed to measure glucose and insulin responses. Blood biomarkers of low-grade inflammation were also determined. Results found no significant difference in glucose homeostasis control measure changes. However, plasma intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) concentration was decreased showing a significant between-treatment changes (P=0.037). The concentrations of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) (P=0.014) and ICAM-1 (P=0.048) were decreased in the treatment group at week 24, and the oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) concentration was reduced at week 24 compared to the baseline value in the treatment group (P=0.003). These results indicate a long-term supplementation of ginseng, mulberry leaf, and banaba leaf suppresses inflammatory responses in T2D.

scholarly journals PHYSICAL INACTIVITY, CHRONIC DISEASES, IMMUNITY AND COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 378-381
Author(s):  
Thiago Teixeira Guimarães ◽  
Henrique Mariano Brito dos Santos ◽  
Rodrigo Terra Mattos Sanctos
Keyword(s):  
Health Professionals ◽  
Mental Stress ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Abnormal Immune Response ◽  
Poor Nutritional Status ◽  
Research Promotion ◽  
Low Grade Inflammation

ABSTRACT Complications arising from COVID-19 reflect an abnormal immune response in people previously diagnosed with chronic, non-communicable diseases (NCD), such as cardiovascular, metabolic and pulmonary conditions. Physical inactivity is recognized as a condition that affects the development of chronic low-grade inflammation, NCD, and susceptibility to cell infections. Anxiety and mental stress, poor nutritional status, drug use and circadian rhythm disturbances can further aggravate the harm caused by physical inactivity. Therefore, the purpose of the review is to invite health professionals, their respective regulatory boards, universities, research promotion foundations, media, political authorities and lay citizens to raise awareness of immunity and health in the medium- to long-term control of the current pandemic. Level of evidence V; Expert opinion.

scholarly journals Gut microbiota alterations in patients with persistent respiratory dysfunction three months after severe COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beate Vestad ◽  
Thor Ueland ◽  
Tori Vigeland Lerum ◽  
Tuva B Dahl ◽  
Kristian Holm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Barrier Dysfunction ◽  
Gut Barrier ◽  
Respiratory Dysfunction ◽  
Low Grade Inflammation ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition

Objective: Although COVID-19 is primarily a respiratory infection, mounting evidence suggests that the GI tract is involved in the disease, with gut barrier dysfunction and gut microbiota alterations being related to disease severity. Whether these alterations persist and could be related to long-term respiratory dysfunction is unknown. Design: From the NOR-Solidarity trial (n=181), plasma was collected during hospital admission and after three months, and analyzed for markers of gut barrier dysfunction and inflammation. At the three-month follow-up, pulmonary function was assessed by measuring diffusing capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide (DLCO), and rectal swabs for gut microbiota analyses were collected (n= 97) and analysed by sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. Results: Gut microbiota diversity was reduced in COVID-19 patients with persistent respiratory dysfunction, defined as DLCO below lower limit of normal three months after hospitalization. These patients also had an altered global gut microbiota composition, with reduced abundance of Erysipelotrichaceae UCG-003 and increased abundance of Flavonifractor and Veillonella, the latter potentially being linked to fibrosis. During hospitalization, increased plasma levels of lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP) were strongly associated with respiratory failure, defined as pO2/fiO2-(P/F-ratio)<26.6 kPa. LBP levels remained elevated during and after hospitalization, and was associated with low-grade inflammation and persistent respiratory dysfunction after three months. Conclusion: Persistent respiratory dysfunction after COVID-19 is associated with reduced biodiversity and gut microbiota alterations, along with persistently elevated LBP levels. Our results point to a potential gut-lung axis that should be further investigated in relation to long-term pulmonary dysfunction and long COVID.

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