The potential use of methyl jasmonate, putrescine and cold atmospheric plasma on genetic variability and seedling growth improvement in medicinal plant Catharanthus roseus L. cultivar

Catharanthus roseus L. is a medicinal plant that produces numerous indole terpenoid alkaloids, including vincristine and vinblastine, which are used for cancer treatment. The effect of specified precursors (L-phenylalanine, L-tyrosine) and elicitors (chitosan, methyl jasmonate) on C. roseus hairy roots (CHR) growth has been examined in order to increase the content of vincristine and vinblastine. Our results showed that CHR generated by an Agrobacterium rhizogenes strain isolated in Vietnam was capable of producing both vincristine and vinblastine when subjected to precursors, but only vinblastine when exposed to elicitors. However, both precursors and elicitors were evaluated to have an effect on increasing the accumulation of TIAs in CHR. In particular, the use of elicitors required more time to find the appropriate induction conditions, while the use of precursors gave outstanding efficiency in the treatment with 1 µM phenylalanine. The greatest yields of vincristine (51.99 µg g-1 DW) and vinblastine (699.92 µg g-1 DW) were obtained in the 7th week (with 0.306 g DW biomass). This result is the first time we might boost the levels of vincristine and vinblastine in our CHR clone generated by the Vietnam strain of A. rhizogenes.

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Intracellular Responses Triggered by Cold Atmospheric Plasma and Plasma-Activated Media in Cancer Cells

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26051336 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (5) ◽

pp. 1336

Author(s):

Helena Motaln ◽

Nina Recek ◽

Boris Rogelj

Keyword(s):

Room Temperature ◽

Atmospheric Plasma ◽

Ionized Gas ◽

Cold Atmospheric Plasma ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

Cellular Processes ◽

Cellular Changes ◽

Tumor Reduction ◽

Indirect Exposure ◽

Potential Use

Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP), an ionized gas operating at room temperature, has been increasingly studied with respect to its potential use in medicine, where its beneficial effects on tumor reduction in oncology have been demonstrated. This review discusses the cellular changes appearing in cell membranes, cytoplasm, various organelles, and DNA content upon cells’ direct or indirect exposure to CAP or CAP-activated media/solutions (PAM), respectively. In addition, the CAP/PAM impact on the main cellular processes of proliferation, migration, protein degradation and various forms of cell death is addressed, especially in light of CAP use in the oncology field of plasma medicine.

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Targeting Protective Catalase of Tumor Cells with Cold Atmospheric Plasma- Activated Medium (PAM)

Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry ◽

10.2174/1871520617666170801103708 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 18 (6) ◽

pp. 784-804 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Georg Bauer

Keyword(s):

Control System ◽

Singlet Oxygen ◽

Tumor Cells ◽

Plasma Potential ◽

Atmospheric Plasma ◽

Antitumor Action ◽

Active Principle ◽

Reaction Products ◽

Cold Atmospheric Plasma

Background: Application of cold atmospheric plasma to medium generates “plasma-activated medium” that induces apoptosis selectively in tumor cells and that has an antitumor effect in vivo. The underlying mechanisms are not well understood. Objective: Elucidation of potential chemical interactions within plasma-activated medium and of reactions of medium components with specific target structures of tumor cells should allow to define the active principle in plasma activated medium. Methods: Established knowledge of intercellular apoptosis-inducing reactive oxygen/nitrogen species-dependent signaling and its control by membrane-associated catalase and SOD was reviewed. Model experiments using extracellular singlet oxygen were analyzed with respect to catalase inactivation and their relevance for the antitumor action of cold atmospheric plasma. Potential interactions of this tumor cell-specific control system with components of plasma-activated medium or its reaction products were discussed within the scope of the reviewed signaling principles. Results: None of the long-lived species found in plasma-activated medium, such as nitrite and H2O2, nor OCl- or .NO seemed to have the potential to interfere with catalase-dependent control of apoptosis-inducing signaling of tumor cells when acting alone. However, the combination of H2O2 and nitrite might generate peroxynitrite. The protonation of peroxnitrite to peroxynitrous acid allows for the generation of hydroxyl radicals that react with H2O2, leading to the formation of hydroperoxide radicals. These allow for singlet oxygen generation and inactivation of membrane-associated catalase through an autoamplificatory mechanism, followed by intercellular apoptosis-inducing signaling. Conclusion: Nitrite and H2O2 in plasma-activated medium establish singlet oxygen-dependent interference selectively with the control system of tumor cells.

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The Application of the Cold Atmospheric Plasma-Activated Solutions in Cancer Treatment

Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry ◽

10.2174/1871520617666170731115233 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 18 (6) ◽

pp. 769-775 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Dayun Yan ◽

Jonathan H. Sherman ◽

Michael Keidar

Keyword(s):

Cancer Treatment ◽

Atmospheric Plasma ◽

Current Status ◽

Cold Atmospheric Plasma ◽

Anti Cancer ◽

Long Time ◽

Key Topics ◽

The Common

Background: Over the past five years, the cold atmospheric plasma-activated solutions (PAS) have shown their promissing application in cancer treatment. Similar as the common direct cold plasma treatment, PAS shows a selective anti-cancer capacity in vitro and in vivo. However, different from the direct cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) treatment, PAS can be stored for a long time and can be used without dependence on a CAP device. The research on PAS is gradually becoming a hot topic in plasma medicine. Objectives: In this review, we gave a concise but comprehensive summary on key topics about PAS including the development, current status, as well as the main conclusions about the anti-cancer mechanism achieved in past years. The approaches to make strong and stable PAS are also summarized.

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A map of control for cold atmospheric plasma jets: From physical mechanisms to optimizations

Applied Physics Reviews ◽

10.1063/5.0022534 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 011306

Author(s):

Li Lin ◽

Michael Keidar

Keyword(s):

Plasma Jets ◽

Atmospheric Plasma ◽

Cold Atmospheric Plasma ◽

Physical Mechanisms

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Tiny Cold Atmospheric Plasma Jet for Biomedical Applications

Processes ◽

10.3390/pr9020249 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 249

Author(s):

Zhitong Chen ◽

Richard Obenchain ◽

Richard E. Wirz

Keyword(s):

Biomedical Applications ◽

Plasma Jet ◽

Discharge Voltage ◽

Plasma Jets ◽

Atmospheric Plasma ◽

Physical Parameters ◽

Cold Atmospheric Plasma ◽

Water Metal ◽

Plasma Probe ◽

Jet Nozzle

Conventional plasma jets for biomedical applications tend to have several drawbacks, such as high voltages, high gas delivery, large plasma probe volume, and the formation of discharge within the organ. Therefore, it is challenging to employ these jets inside a living organism’s body. Thus, we developed a single-electrode tiny plasma jet and evaluated its use for clinical biomedical applications. We investigated the effect of voltage input and flow rate on the jet length and studied the physical parameters of the plasma jet, including discharge voltage, average gas and subject temperature, and optical emissions via spectroscopy (OES). The interactions between the tiny plasma jet and five subjects (de-ionized (DI) water, metal, cardboard, pork belly, and pork muscle) were studied at distances of 10 mm and 15 mm from the jet nozzle. The results showed that the tiny plasma jet caused no damage or burning of tissues, and the ROS/RNS (reactive oxygen/nitrogen species) intensity increased when the distance was lowered from 15 mm to 10 mm. These initial observations establish the tiny plasma jet device as a potentially useful tool in clinical biomedical applications.

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The synergistic effect of Canady Helios cold atmospheric plasma and a FOLFIRINOX regimen for the treatment of cholangiocarcinoma in vitro

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-88451-w ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Olivia Jones ◽

Xiaoqian Cheng ◽

Saravana R. K. Murthy ◽

Lawan Ly ◽

Taisen Zhuang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cell Viability ◽

Chemotherapy Regimen ◽

Synergetic Effect ◽

Atmospheric Plasma ◽

High Recurrence Rate ◽

Cold Atmospheric Plasma ◽

Tract Cancer ◽

Anticancer Properties ◽

Potential Interactions

AbstractCholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a rare biliary tract cancer with a low five-year survival rate and high recurrence rate after surgical resection. Currently treatment approaches include systemic chemotherapeutics such as FOLFIRINOX, a chemotherapy regimen is a possible treatment for severe CCA cases. A limitation of this chemotherapy regimen is its toxicity to patients and adverse events. There exists a need for therapies to alleviate the toxicity of a FOLFIRINOX regimen while enhancing or not altering its anticancer properties. Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) is a technology with a promising future as a selective cancer treatment. It is critical to know the potential interactions between CAP and adjuvant chemotherapeutics. In this study the aim is to characterize the efficacy of FOLFIRINOX and CAP in combination to understand potential synergetic effect on CCA cells. FOLFIRINOX treatment alone at the highest dose tested (53.8 µM fluorouracil, 13.7 µM Leucovorin, 5.1 µM Irinotecan, and 3.7 µM Oxaliplatin) reduced CCA cell viability to below 20% while CAP treatment alone for 7 min reduced viability to 3% (p < 0.05). An analysis of cell viability, proliferation, and cell cycle demonstrated that CAP in combination with FOLFIRINOX is more effective than either treatment alone at a lower FOLFIRINOX dose of 6.7 µM fluorouracil, 1.7 µM leucovorin, 0.6 µM irinotecan, and 0.5 µM oxaliplatin and a shorter CAP treatment of 1, 3, or 5 min. In conclusion, CAP has the potential to reduce the toxicity burden of FOLFIRINOX and warrants further investigation as an adjuvant therapy.

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