Cetylpyridinium chloride and peracetic acid to lessen Campylobacter, Escherichia coli and total aerobic bacterial contamination on chicken liver

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of different antimicrobial interventions applied via either conventional spray (CS) or handheld electrostatic spray (ESS) to reduce Shiga toxin–producing Escherichia coli (STEC) on fresh beef surfaces. Hot-boned outside rounds (ORs) were inoculated within 1 h after harvest with a cocktail of eight isolates consisting of 8 O157 and non-O157 serogroups of STEC (STEC8). ORs were hung on sterile meat hooks at 4°C for 36 h to simulate a contaminated full carcass side in the chiller. ORs were then treated with lactic acid (LA; 4.5%, w/v), 3.0% lauric arginate ester (LAE), 0.8% cetylpyridinium chloride, 200 mg/L peracetic acid, 3 mg/L chlorine dioxide, 5 mg/L ClO2, or tap water by using CS or ESS. Temperatures of LA and peracetic acid were set at 55 and 42°C before spraying, whereas all other solutions were applied at room temperature (25°C). Pretreatment and posttreatment STEC8-inoculated beef tissue samples were aseptically collected to evaluate the efficacy of interventions by application method (CS or ESS). LA applied with CS achieved the greatest reduction in STEC8 numbers (3.3 log CFU/cm2) compared with all other treatments: 0.2 log CFU/cm2 (tap water) to 2.3 log CFU/cm2 (LAE). Only for LA did a significant difference arise in mean STEC8 reductions between CS and ESS applications (3.2 versus 1.7 log CFU/cm2, respectively). Among the treatments applied with ESS, LAE produced the greatest reduction of STEC8. Antimicrobial interventions applied via conventional wand or cabinet-applied technologies can reduce the O157 and non-O157 STEC on fresh beef carcass surfaces, reducing transmission to beef consumers. HIGHLIGHTS

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Simultaneous inactivation of multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli and enterococci by peracetic acid in urban wastewater: Exposure-based kinetics and comparison with chlorine

Water Research ◽

10.1016/j.watres.2021.117403 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 117403

Author(s):

Sanjana Balachandran ◽

Livia V.C. Charamba ◽

Kyriakos Manoli ◽

Popi Karaolia ◽

Serena Caucci ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Peracetic Acid ◽

Multidrug Resistant ◽

Urban Wastewater

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Effect of Exposure Time and Organic Matter on Efficacy of Antimicrobial Compounds against Shiga Toxin–Producing Escherichia coli and Salmonella

Journal of Food Protection ◽

10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-15-204 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 79 (4) ◽

pp. 561-568 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

NORASAK KALCHAYANAND ◽

MOHAMMAD KOOHMARAIE ◽

TOMMY L. WHEELER

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Organic Matter ◽

Lactic Acid ◽

Exposure Time ◽

Shiga Toxin ◽

Peracetic Acid ◽

Antimicrobial Compounds ◽

Number Of Factors ◽

Hypobromous Acid ◽

Processing Plants

ABSTRACT Several antimicrobial compounds are in commercial meat processing plants for pathogen control on beef carcasses. However, the efficacy of the method used is influenced by a number of factors, such as spray pressure, temperature, type of chemical and concentration, exposure time, method of application, equipment design, and the stage in the process that the method is applied. The objective of this study was to evaluate effectiveness of time of exposure of various antimicrobial compounds against nine strains of Shiga toxin–producing Escherichia coli (STEC) and four strains of Salmonella in aqueous antimicrobial solutions with and without organic matter. Non-O157 STEC, STEC O157:H7, and Salmonella were exposed to the following aqueous antimicrobial solutions with or without beef purge for 15, 30, 60, 120, 300, 600, and 1,800 s: (i) 2.5% lactic acid, (ii) 4.0% lactic acid, (iii) 2.5% Beefxide, (iv) 1% Aftec 3000, (v) 200 ppm of peracetic acid, (vi) 300 ppm of hypobromous acid, and (vii) water as a control. In general, increasing exposure time to antimicrobial compounds significantly (P ≤ 0.05) increased the effectiveness against pathogens tested. In aqueous antimicrobial solutions without organic matter, both peracetic acid and hypobromous acid were the most effective in inactivating populations of STEC and Salmonella, providing at least 5.0-log reductions with exposure for 15 s. However, in antimicrobials containing organic matter, 4.0% lactic acid was the most effective compound in reducing levels of STEC and Salmonella, providing 2- to 3-log reductions with exposure for 15 s. The results of this study indicated that organic matter and exposure time influenced the efficacy of antimicrobial compounds against pathogens, especially with oxidizer compounds. These factors should be considered when choosing an antimicrobial compound for an intervention.

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Impact of UV and Peracetic Acid Disinfection on the Prevalence of Virulence and Antimicrobial Resistance Genes in Uropathogenic Escherichia coli in Wastewater Effluents

Applied and Environmental Microbiology ◽

10.1128/aem.00418-14 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 80 (12) ◽

pp. 3656-3666 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Basanta Kumar Biswal ◽

Ramzi Khairallah ◽

Kareem Bibi ◽

Alberto Mazza ◽

Ronald Gehr ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Antimicrobial Resistance ◽

Resistance Genes ◽

Peracetic Acid ◽

Content Type ◽

E Coli ◽

Antimicrobial Resistance Genes ◽

Antimicrobial Resistance Gene ◽

Municipal Wastewaters ◽

The Impact

ABSTRACTWastewater discharges may increase the populations of pathogens, includingEscherichia coli, and of antimicrobial-resistant strains in receiving waters. This study investigated the impact of UV and peracetic acid (PAA) disinfection on the prevalence of virulence and antimicrobial resistance genes in uropathogenicEscherichia coli(UPEC), the most abundantE. colipathotype in municipal wastewaters. Laboratory disinfection experiments were conducted on wastewater treated by physicochemical, activated sludge, or biofiltration processes; 1,766E. coliisolates were obtained for the evaluation. The target disinfection level was 200 CFU/100 ml, resulting in UV and PAA doses of 7 to 30 mJ/cm2and 0.9 to 2.0 mg/liter, respectively. The proportions of UPECs were reduced in all samples after disinfection, with an average reduction by UV of 55% (range, 22% to 80%) and by PAA of 52% (range, 11% to 100%). Analysis of urovirulence genes revealed that the decline in the UPEC populations was not associated with any particular virulence factor. A positive association was found between the occurrence of urovirulence and antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs). However, the changes in the prevalence of ARGs in potential UPECs were different following disinfection, i.e., UV appears to have had no effect, while PAA significantly reduced the ARG levels. Thus, this study showed that both UV and PAA disinfections reduced the proportion of UPECs and that PAA disinfection also reduced the proportion of antimicrobial resistance gene-carrying UPEC pathotypes in municipal wastewaters.

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Bacterial Contamination of Street Vended Food Pani Puri Available in Janakpurdham, Dhanusha

Tribhuvan University Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.3126/tujm.v6i0.26587 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 ◽

pp. 70-75

Author(s):

Nagendra Prasad Yadav ◽

Rakesh Kumar Yadav ◽

Satyam Prakash

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Bacterial Contamination ◽

Food Samples ◽

Microbial Count ◽

Microbiology Laboratory ◽

Dilution Technique ◽

Bacillus Spp ◽

Klebsiella Spp

Objectives: To determine the level of bacterial contamination in food (Panipuri) available in market of Janakpur, Dhanusha, Nepal. Methods: Total 120 samples of Panipuri (60 solid matters and 60 masalaa Pani) collected aseptically from the market were transported to the microbiology laboratory and processed for microbial count by serial dilution technique. Microbial load and presence of pathogen were detected in each sample. Results: Analysis of the food samples revealed that 70% of Panipuri samples had high loads of bacterial pathogens such as Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella spp, Pseudomonas spp, Bacillus spp. Conclusion: This study depicted that the street vended food Panipuri of Janakpur are highly contaminated with pathogenic bacteria which can cause health risk to consumers. Thus, it is suggested that regular monitoring of the quality of street foods must be practiced to avoid any food bone illness in future.

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Occurrence of Escherichia coli in meat preparations

Meso ◽

10.31727/m.20.5.5 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 20 (5) ◽

pp. 401-404

Author(s):

Ana Robina ◽

Lidija Kozačinski

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Bacterial Contamination ◽

Faecal Contamination ◽

E Coli ◽

Production And Distribution ◽

Microbiological Criteria ◽

Minced Meat

Meat preparations are produced from one or more types of minced meat with added seasonings or additives, and are usually placed on the market under labels: ćevapčići, meat patty or hamburger/burger. The bacterial contamination of such products with Escherichia coli during production and distribution is invariably possible. In this paper, we have tested 50 samples of meat preparations for bacteria E. coli, whose presence points to the faecal contamination of food. Only 8 % of meat preparation samples had an E. coli count of less than 500 cfu/g, suggesting that all samples tested in this study yielded satisfactory results regarding the prescribed microbiological criteria for food.

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SOURCES OF SALMONELLAE CONTAMINATION OF MEAT FOLLOWING APPROVED LIVESTOCK SLAUGHTERING PROCEDURES. II

Journal of Milk and Food Technology ◽

10.4315/0022-2747-36.12.635 ◽

1973 ◽

Vol 36 (12) ◽

pp. 635-638 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

A. B. Childers ◽

E. E. Keahey ◽

P. G. Vincent

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Gastrointestinal Tract ◽

Bacterial Contamination ◽

Average Level ◽

Fecal Samples ◽

Equipment Contamination ◽

Beef Products ◽

Plastic Bag ◽

Carcass Contamination

Samples were taken from 218 animals of 3 species slaughtered at 3 plants to determine the spread of bacterial contamination during slaughter. Salmonellae and Escherichia coli were cultured from swabs taken of the equipment during slaughter, from various carcass sites, and from fecal samples. The study indicated that some equipment contamination occurred during slaughter and that carcass washing did not remove contaminants but simply washed them lower on the carcass. Rumen/cecum samples were most effective for isolation of salmonellae from the gastrointestinal tract. The average level of salmonellae contamination of the carcass for all species was 10% and of the processed product, 2%. There were no salmonellae isolated from cattle carcasses. Isolation of the bung (rectum) with a plastic bag did not reduce contamination but sterilization of the bung dropper's knife between carcasses reduced the incidence by an average of greater than 50%. Salmonellae were isolated from boneless mutton but not from raw or cooked pork and beef products. Isolations from the hide were closely related with carcass contamination. Enrichment and non-enrichment media isolations of salmonellae were closely related.

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A comparative study of gram-negative aerobic bacilli in the faeces of babies born in hospital and at home

Journal of Hygiene ◽

10.1017/s0022172400026565 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 84 (1) ◽

pp. 91-96 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

A. R. Feeney ◽

E. M. Cooke ◽

R. Shinebaum

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Comparative Study ◽

Bacterial Contamination ◽

Faecal Flora ◽

Antibiotic Resistant ◽

Gram Negative ◽

Breast Fed ◽

At Home

SUMMARYExamination of the faeces of 50 babies born at home showed that bottle-fed babies carried significantly more Klebsiella, Proteus and Pseudomonas spp. and antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli than did breast-fed babies. Bottle-fed babies born in hospital had a less mixed faecal flora than bottle-fed babies born at home. The possibility that bacterial contamination of home-prepared feeds may account for these differences requires investigation.

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SugE, a New Member of the SMR Family of Transporters, Contributes to Antimicrobial Resistance inEnterobacter cloacae

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy ◽

10.1128/aac.00094-11 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 55 (8) ◽

pp. 3954-3957 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

Gui-Xin He ◽

Chu Zhang ◽

Robert R. Crow ◽

Conner Thorpe ◽

Huizhong Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Antimicrobial Resistance ◽

Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate ◽

Benzalkonium Chloride ◽

Cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide ◽

Cetylpyridinium Chloride ◽

Sodium Dodecyl ◽

Enterobacter Cloacae ◽

Drug Efflux ◽

Energy Dependent

ABSTRACTWe cloned a gene,sugE, from the chromosome ofEnterobacter cloacaeATCC 13047. Analysis of the susceptibilities of thesugE-containing strain (Escherichia coliKAM32/pSUGE28) andsugE-deficientE. cloacae(EcΔsugE) showed that SugE confers resistance to cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, cetylpyridinium chloride, tetraphenylphosphonium, benzalkonium chloride, ethidium bromide, and sodium dodecyl sulfate. We also investigated expression ofsugE. We confirm here that SugE fromE. cloacaeis an SMR family transporter as determined by observing its energy-dependent drug efflux activity.

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