Pretreatment of lignocellulosic agricultural waste for delignification, rapid hydrolysis, and enhanced biogas production: A review

2021 ◽  
pp. 100147
Author(s):  
Gopal P. Naik ◽  
Anil K. Poonia ◽  
Parmesh K. Chaudhari
Keyword(s):  
Biogas Production ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Rapid Hydrolysis

scholarly journals Cellulosic biofuel production using emulsified simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (eSSF) with conventional and thermotolerant yeasts

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shannon M. Hoffman ◽  
Maria Alvarez ◽  
Gilad Alfassi ◽  
Dmitry M. Rein ◽  
Sergio Garcia-Echauri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Simultaneous Saccharification And Fermentation ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Cellulosic Biofuels ◽  
Processing Times ◽  
Cellulosic Biofuel ◽  
Thermotolerant Yeasts ◽  
Rapid Hydrolysis ◽  
Dedicated Energy Crops ◽  
Simultaneous Saccharification

Abstract Background Future expansion of corn-derived ethanol raises concerns of sustainability and competition with the food industry. Therefore, cellulosic biofuels derived from agricultural waste and dedicated energy crops are necessary. To date, slow and incomplete saccharification as well as high enzyme costs have hindered the economic viability of cellulosic biofuels, and while approaches like simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) and the use of thermotolerant microorganisms can enhance production, further improvements are needed. Cellulosic emulsions have been shown to enhance saccharification by increasing enzyme contact with cellulose fibers. In this study, we use these emulsions to develop an emulsified SSF (eSSF) process for rapid and efficient cellulosic biofuel production and make a direct three-way comparison of ethanol production between S. cerevisiae, O. polymorpha, and K. marxianus in glucose and cellulosic media at different temperatures. Results In this work, we show that cellulosic emulsions hydrolyze rapidly at temperatures tolerable to yeast, reaching up to 40-fold higher conversion in the first hour compared to microcrystalline cellulose (MCC). To evaluate suitable conditions for the eSSF process, we explored the upper temperature limits for the thermotolerant yeasts Kluyveromyces marxianus and Ogataea polymorpha, as well as Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and observed robust fermentation at up to 46, 50, and 42 °C for each yeast, respectively. We show that the eSSF process reaches high ethanol titers in short processing times, and produces close to theoretical yields at temperatures as low as 30 °C. Finally, we demonstrate the transferability of the eSSF technology to other products by producing the advanced biofuel isobutanol in a light-controlled eSSF using optogenetic regulators, resulting in up to fourfold higher titers relative to MCC SSF. Conclusions The eSSF process addresses the main challenges of cellulosic biofuel production by increasing saccharification rate at temperatures tolerable to yeast. The rapid hydrolysis of these emulsions at low temperatures permits fermentation using non-thermotolerant yeasts, short processing times, low enzyme loads, and makes it possible to extend the process to chemicals other than ethanol, such as isobutanol. This transferability establishes the eSSF process as a platform for the sustainable production of biofuels and chemicals as a whole.

scholarly journals ESTUDO SOBRE A POSSIBILIDADE DE PRODUZIR BIOGÁS PROVENIENTE DE RESÍDUOS DA AGROPECUÁRIA NO ESTADO DO TOCANTINS

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (01) ◽  
pp. 40-47
Author(s):  
Anderson Labegalini De Campos ◽  
Anderson De Oliveira Pereira ◽  
Josenilda Guimarães Lopes ◽  
Renê Faria De Araújo ◽  
Ronaldo Pereira Lima
Keyword(s):  
Biogas Production ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Agricultural Residues ◽  
The State ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Energy Matrix ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Environmental

ESTUDO SOBRE A POSSIBILIDADE DE PRODUZIR BIOGÁS PROVENIENTE DE RESÍDUOS DA AGROPECUÁRIA NO ESTADO DO TOCANTINS   ANDERSON LABEGALINI DE CAMPOS1; ANDERSON DE OLIVEIRA PEREIRA2; JOSENILDA GUIMARÃES LOPES3; RENÊ FARIA DE ARAÚJO4 E RONALDO PEREIRA LIMA5   Mestrado de Agroenergia, Universidade Federal do Tocantins, Avenida NS 15, Quadra 109 Norte, Plano Diretor Norte (Prédio do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agroenergia), CEP 77001-090, Palmas, Tocantins, Brasil. [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; 5 [email protected]   RESUMO: O Tocantins, entre os estados do Brasil, é um dos que possuem valores superiores em quantidade de rebanhos de gado de corte, e a bovinocultura de leite cresce de forma continuada, favorecida pelas condições climáticas. Em 2015, o estado produziu 8 milhões de bovinos e bubalinos, 296 mil suínos e 158,9 mil caprinos. As fronteiras socioeconômicas terão uma melhora significativa com a utilização de resíduos gerados na atividade rural para a geração de energia, assim como para a redução dos prejuízos ao meio ambiente, ocasionados pelos resíduos produzidos. Diante do exposto, o objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar o potencial de produção de biogás para a geração de energia, por meio da fermentação de resíduos oriundos da agricultura e pecuária do estado do Tocantins. A metodologia utilizada foi a revisão bibliográfica, a sistemática, a descritiva e a explicativa. Verificou-se, com este artigo, a relevância social, ambiental e econômica da inserção da energia produzida a partir dos resíduos agropecuários na Matriz Energética Brasileira. Ainda que tenham custos para instalar o sistema no Estado, a utilização de digestores fermentativos é uma alternativa para diminuir os problemas com a destinação inadequada dos resíduos agropecuários, além de ser uma forma de energia limpa, este método possuí uma fonte de recursos com o comercio dos créditos de carbono, devido a não emissão do gás metano.   Palavras-chave: resíduos agropecuários, energia, biogás.   STUDY ON THE POSSIBILITY OF BIOGAS PRODUCING FROM AGRICULTURAL WASTE THE STATE OF TOCANTINS   ABSTRACT: Beef and dairy cattle growing is one of the biggest production in the State of Tocantins - Brazil, favored by weather conditions. In 2015, the state produced 8 million cattle and buffalo, 296,000 pigs and 158,900 goats. The socioeconomic boundaries will have a significant improvement with the use of waste generated in rural activity for the generation of energy, as well as the reduction of environmental damage caused by the waste produced. Given the above, the objective of the present work was to evaluate the potential of biogas production for energy generation, through the fermentation of residues from the Tocantins state agriculture and livestock. The methodology used was the literature review, the systematic, the descriptive and the explanatory. This article verified the social, environmental and economic relevance of the insertion of energy produced from agricultural residues in the Brazilian Energy Matrix. Although they have costs to install the system in the state, the use of fermentative digesters is an alternative to reduce the problems with the improper disposal of agricultural residues, besides being a form of clean energy, this method has a source of resources with the trade. carbon credits due to non-emission of methane gas.   Keywords: agricultural residues, energy, biogas.

scholarly journals The Review of Biomass Potential for Agricultural Biogas Production in Poland

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (22) ◽  
pp. 6515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Anna Koryś ◽  
Agnieszka Ewa Latawiec ◽  
Katarzyna Grotkiewicz ◽  
Maciej Kuboń
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Waste Products ◽  
Biomass Residues ◽  
Biogas Plants ◽  
Biomass Potential ◽  
Food Residues

Adequate management of biomass residues generated by agricultural and food industry can reduce their negative impacts on the environment. The alternative use for agricultural waste is production of biogas. Biomass feedstock intended as a substrate for the agricultural biogas plants may include energy crops, bio-waste, products of animal and plant origin and organic residues from food production. This study reviews the potential of selected biomass residues from the agri-food industry in terms of use for agricultural biogas production in Poland. The most common agri-food residues used as substrates for biogas plants in Poland are maize silage, slurry, and distillery waste. It is important that the input for the agricultural biogas installations can be based on local wastes and co-products that require appropriate disposal or storage conditions and might be burdensome for the environment. The study also discusses several limitations that might have an unfavourable impact regarding biogas plants development in Poland. Given the estimated biomass potential, the assumptions defining the scope of use of agricultural biogas and the undeniable benefits provided by biogas production, agricultural biogas plants should be considered as a promising branch of sustainable electricity and thermal energy production in Poland, especially in rural areas.

scholarly journals Innovative Educational Program for Biogas Production Carried Out at University of Hradec Králové (CZ) and at University of Opole (PL)

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 61-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Loskot ◽  
Marek Smolík ◽  
Lidmila Hyšplerová ◽  
Karol Radocha ◽  
Jan Kříž ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Anaerobic Fermentation ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Border Region ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Biogas Plants ◽  
The University

AbstractRecently, there is a growing pressure on a rapid construction of agricultural biogas plants, particularly in the Czech-Polish border region. It is an area with large expanses of agricultural land which can serve to supply biogas plants with biomass. This strategy should contribute to harmonize the common agricultural policy of the European Union. A need for qualified operators of these stations on this territory is also increasing. Therefore we first include a demonstration of an education program for students in the field of agricultural waste anaerobic fermentation and biogas production. We present here the first part of an innovative approach which we use in the teaching program “Physico-technical Measurements and Computer Technology” at the Faculty of Science at the University of Hradec Kralove and also in the education of internshipers from the Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology at the University of Opole. There are requirements to fulfil labour market expectations and to make this subject more attractive for the students. Students’ theoretical and practical preparation constitutes a comprehensive source of knowledge and skills required in a real life job. Joined theoretical and practical knowledge gained by students, reinforced by the skills developed during task analysis followed by their solution, provides the future graduate higher quality abilities and better position in the labour market.

scholarly journals Enhanced Solid-State Biogas Production from Lignocellulosic Biomass by Organosolv Pretreatment

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Safoora Mirmohamadsadeghi ◽  
Keikhosro Karimi ◽  
Akram Zamani ◽  
Hamid Amiri ◽  
Ilona Sárvári Horváth
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Ethanol Solution ◽  
Order Model ◽  
Organosolv Pretreatment ◽  
Pretreatment Temperature

Organosolv pretreatment was used to improve solid-state anaerobic digestion (SSAD) for methane production from three different lignocellulosic substrates (hardwood elm, softwood pine, and agricultural waste rice straw). Pretreatments were conducted at 150 and 180°C for 30 and 60 min using 75% ethanol solution as an organic solvent with addition of sulfuric acid as a catalyst. The statistical analyses showed that pretreatment temperature was the significant factor affecting methane production. Optimum temperature was 180°C for elmwood while it was 150°C for both pinewood and rice straw. Maximum methane production was 152.7, 93.7, and 71.4 liter per kg carbohydrates (CH), which showed up to 32, 73, and 84% enhancement for rice straw, elmwood, and pinewood, respectively, compared to those from the untreated substrates. An inverse relationship between the total methane yield and the lignin content of the substrates was observed. Kinetic analysis of the methane production showed that the process followed a first-order model for all untreated and pretreated lignocelluloses.

scholarly journals Economic Feasibility of Agricultural Biogas Production by Farms in Ukraine

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 87
Author(s):  
Galyna Trypolska ◽  
Sergii Kyryziuk ◽  
Vitaliy Krupin ◽  
Adam Wąs ◽  
Roman Podolets
Keyword(s):  
Biogas Production ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Energy Generation ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Renewable Energy Generation ◽  
Installed Capacity ◽  
Feed In Tariff

Renewable energy generation in Ukraine is developing slower than state strategies and expectations, with the installations for energy generation based on biogas currently being among the lowest in terms of installed capacity. Most of those involved in energy generation from agricultural biogas are large enterprises, while the small and medium-sized farms are far less involved. Thus the article aims to assess the economic feasibility of biogas production from agricultural waste by specific farm types and sizes, with a special focus on small and medium-sized farms. The research results present findings in two dimensions, first defining the economic feasibility of biogas installations in Ukraine based on investment costs and the rate of return at both the current and potential feed-in tariff, and second, analyzing the influence of state regulation and support on the economic feasibility of agricultural biogas production in Ukraine. The results emphasize that the construction of small generation capacities does not provide sufficient funds under the current feed-in tariff to meet the simple return period expected by the domestic financing institutions. Except for the general support programs for agricultural activities, there are no support funds specifically for biogas producers, while there is tight competition with wind and solar energy due to diversified feed-in tariffs.

scholarly journals Effect of corn straw pretreatment on efficiency of biogas production process: Computer simulation

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 561-564
Author(s):  
Anja Antanasković ◽  
Maja Bulatović ◽  
Marica Rakin ◽  
Zorica Lopičić ◽  
Tatjana Šoštarić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Production Process ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Corn Straw ◽  
Material Degradation ◽  
Biogas Yield ◽  
Process Computer ◽  
The Impact

Anaerobic digestion is a natural process of organic material degradation by different kinds of microorganisms in the absence of oxygen. This process is used for industrial purpose to manage waste streams or to produce biogas. It gives a major contribution in reduction of harmful effects of organic waste disposal to the environment. The aim of agricultural waste pretreatment in biogas production is to decrease the retention time, improve utilization of raw material and improve the overall productivity and energy efficiency of the production process. In this paper the effects of combined chemical and mechanical pretreatment of corn straw biomass on biogas yield during anaerobic digestion of the feedstock were analyzed. The impact of pretreatment and process parameters in biogas production was analyzed by process simulation using the software SuperPro Designer. Using this tool, it was shown that alkaline pretreatment leads to an decrease of degradation time along with an increase in biogas yield.

Production of Biogas from Mono- and Co-Digestion of Agricultural Waste (Cow Dung, Chicken Dropping, and Rice Husk)

2021 ◽  
pp. 45-60
Author(s):  
Musa Olusegun Arekemase ◽  
Isaac Aweda
Keyword(s):  
Rice Husk ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Methanogenic Bacteria ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi

This study focused on waste to energy technology that utilized mono- and co-digestion of cow dung (CD), chicken dropping (ChD), and rice husk (RH). The fabricated digesters were assessed for the influence of temperature and pH on biogas production from the materials used. The total aerobic bacteria and fungi counts for the mono- and co-digestion of cow dung with chicken droppings had highest number on day zero (1.5x107cfu/ml, 1.6x105cfu/ml and 1.4x108cfu/ml, 1.2x105, respectively), while the lowest counts were recorded on the 35th day (1.3x101cfu/ml, 1.0x101cfu/ml and 1.1x101cfu/ml, 1.0x101cfu/ml, respectively). The highest count of the acetogenic organisms was 1.8x105cfu/ml on the 18th day whereas no count was observed on the 35th day. Methanogenic bacteria had a count ranging from 1.0x 101 cfu/ml to 3.4x104cfu/ml on the 18th day. pH was within the range of 5.3 – 8.5 in the digesters. Cow dung  (100% CD) showed the highest cumulative gas production of 41.65m3 compared with chicken droppings (100% ChD) and rice husk (100% RH) which showed values of 8.91 m3 and 0 m3, respectively, within temperature. Furthermore, the co-digestion of 75% CD + 25% ChD, 50% CD + 50% ChD, 25% CD + 75% ChD, 50% CD + 50% RH, and 50% ChD + 50% RH produced biogas values of 20.1m3, 15.13m3, 7.51m3, 5.1m3, and 2.09m3, respectively, at the same temperature range of 36.2OC - 41.7OC. The assay for nitrogen (N), phosphate (P), potassium (K) and sulphate (S) to find the major plant nutrient from the digestate showed that 100% CD was richer in N (1.8mg/l), P (0.5mg/l), and S (0.5mg/l) than the other biomass types, whereas 50% CD 50% ChD had the highest content of P. The present study suggests that the digestion of cow dung, chicken droppings, and rice husk can be an effective means of waste management, pollution control, and generation of renewable energy (biogas) and fertilizers, thereby further strengthening the role of agriculture in the area of food security.

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