Muscular, cardiac, ventilatory and metabolic dysfunction in patients with multiple sclerosis: Implications for screening, clinical care and endurance and resistance exercise therapy, a scoping review

IntroductionBladder cancer (BC) is the 10th common cancer worldwide and ranks seventh in Nigeria. This scoping review aims to identify the gaps in clinical care and research of BC in Nigeria as part of the development of a larger national research programme aiming to improve outcomes and care of BC.Methods and analysisThis review will be conducted according to Arksey and O’Malley scoping review methodology framework. The following electronic databases will be searched: Medline (using the PubMed interface), Ovid Gateway (Embase and Ovid), Cochrane library and Open Grey literature. Two independent reviewers will screen titles and abstracts and subsequently screen full-text studies for inclusion, any lack of consensus will be discussed with a third reviewer. Any study providing insight into the epidemiology or treatment pathway of BC (RCTs, observations, case series, policy paper) will be included. A data chart will be used to extract relevant data from the included studies. Results will be reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for scoping reviews. A consultation process will be carried out with a multidisciplinary team of Nigerian healthcare professionals, patients and scientists.Ethics and disseminationThe results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications. By highlighting the key gaps in the literature, this review can provide direction for future research and clinical guidelines in Nigeria (and other low-income and middle-income countries), where BC is more prevalent due to local risk factors and healthcare settings.

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Occupational Therapy Interventions in Adults with Multiple Sclerosis or Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: A Scoping Review

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18041432 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (4) ◽

pp. 1432

Author(s):

Luis De-Bernardi-Ojuel ◽

Laura Torres-Collado ◽

Manuela García-de-la-Hera

Keyword(s):

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ◽

Occupational Therapy ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Adult Population ◽

Falls Prevention ◽

Targeted Interventions ◽

Therapy Interventions ◽

Occupational Therapy Interventions ◽

Lateral Sclerosis

This scoping review aims to describe occupational therapy interventions carried out with multiple sclerosis (MS) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients in occupational therapy. A peer review of the literature was conducted in different databases: Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science and Embase, and in some occupational therapy journals. A search of the literature published was carried out before December 2019. The inclusion criteria were as follows: (1) articles evaluating the intervention of occupational therapy in MS or ALS including experimental, randomized, nonrandomized and exploratory studies; (2) written in English or Spanish; (3) adult population (over 18 years old). The initial search identified 836 articles of which we included 32 divided into four areas of intervention: fatigue-targeted interventions, cognitive interventions, physical interventions and others. Only 16 studies were carried out exclusively by occupational therapists. Most occupational therapy interventions are aimed at fatigue and physical rehabilitation. The majority of the studies in our review included MS patients, with little representation from the ALS population. These interventions have shown an improvement in perceived fatigue, manual dexterity, falls prevention and improvement in cognitive aspects such as memory, communication, depression and quality of life in the MS and ALS populations.

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How hospitalized patients evaluate and report their pain together with nurses: A scoping review

Nordic Journal of Nursing Research ◽

10.1177/20571585211013480 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 205715852110134

Author(s):

Bente Dale Malones ◽

Sindre Sylte Kallmyr ◽

Vera Hage ◽

Trude Fløystad Eines

Keyword(s):

Scoping Review ◽

Pain Assessment ◽

Health Professionals ◽

Clinical Care ◽

Hospitalized Patients ◽

Assessment Tools ◽

Post Surgery ◽

Reliable Assessment ◽

Scoping Reviews ◽

The Relationship

Pain assessment tools are often used by patients to report their pain and by health professionals to assess patients’ reported pain. Although valid and reliable assessment of pain is essential for high-quality clinical care, there are still many patients who experience inappropriate pain management. The aim of this scoping review is to examine an overview of how hospitalized patients evaluate and report their pain in collaboration with nurses. Systematic searches were conducted, and ten research articles were included using the PRISMA guidelines for scoping reviews. Content analysis revealed four main themes: 1) the relationship between the patient and nurse is an important factor of how hospitalized patients evaluate and report their post-surgery pain, 2) the patient’s feelings of inconsistency in how pain assessments are administered by nurses, 3) the challenge of hospitalized patients reporting post-surgery pain numerically, and 4) previous experiences and attitudes affect how hospitalized patients report their pain. Pain assessment tools are suitable for nurses to observe and assess pain in patients. Nevertheless, just using pain assessment tools is not sufficient for nurses to obtain a comprehensive clinical picture of each individual patient with pain.

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Structure and processes of emergency observation units with a geriatric focus: a scoping review

BMC Geriatrics ◽

10.1186/s12877-021-02029-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Pieter Heeren ◽

Annabelle Hendrikx ◽

Janne Ceyssens ◽

Els Devriendt ◽

Mieke Deschodt ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Scoping Review ◽

Emergency Care ◽

Older Patients ◽

Clinical Care ◽

Care Needs ◽

Post Discharge ◽

Care Services ◽

Observation Units ◽

Primary Care Services ◽

Healthcare Professions

Abstract Background Combining observation principles and geriatric care concepts is considered a promising strategy for risk-stratification of older patients with emergency care needs. We aimed to map the structure and processes of emergency observation units (EOUs) with a geriatric focus and explore to what extent the comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) approach was implemented in EOUs. Methods The revised scoping methodology framework of Arksey and O’Malley was applied. Manuscripts reporting on dedicated areas within hospitals for observation of older patients with emergency care needs were eligible for inclusion. Electronic database searches were performed in MEDLINE, EMBASE and CINAHL in combination with backward snowballing. Two researchers conducted data charting independently. Data-charting forms were developed and iteratively refined. Data inconsistencies were judged by a third researcher or discussed in the research team. Quality assessment was conducted with the Methodological Index for Non-Randomized Studies. Results Sixteen quantitative studies were included reporting on fifteen EOUs in seven countries across three continents. These units were located in the ED, immediately next to the ED or remote from the ED (i.e. hospital-based). All studies reported that staffing consisted of at least three healthcare professions. Observation duration varied between 4 and 72 h. Most studies focused on medical and functional assessment. Four studies reported to assess a patients’ medical, functional, cognitive and social capabilities. If deemed necessary, post-discharge follow-up (e.g. community/primary care services and/or outpatient clinics) was provided in eleven studies. Conclusion This scoping review documented that the structure and processes of EOUs with a geriatric focus are very heterogeneous and rarely cover all elements of CGA. Further research is necessary to determine how complex care principles of ‘observation medicine’ and ‘CGA’ can ideally be merged and successfully implemented in clinical care.

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Use of geographical information systems in multiple sclerosis research: A systematic scoping review

10.21203/rs.3.rs-236908/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Soheil Hashtarkhani ◽

Hossein Tabatabaei-Jafari ◽

Behzad Kiani ◽

MaryAnne Furst ◽

Luis Salvador-Carulla ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Geographical Information Systems ◽

Geographical Information ◽

Complex Nature ◽

Gis Applications ◽

Thematic Mapping ◽

Health Related ◽

Comprehensive Search ◽

Comprehensive Search Strategy

Abstract Introduction: Geographical Information System (GIS) and spatial analysis have an emerging role in the understanding and management of health-related outcomes. However, there is a knowledge gap about the extent to which GIS has supported Multiple Sclerosis (MS) research. Therefore, this review aimed to explore the types of GIS applications and the complexity of their visualisation in MS research. Methods: A systematic scoping review was conducted based on York’s five-stage framework. PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science were searched for relevant studies published between 2000 and 2020 using a comprehensive search strategy based on the main concepts related to GIS and MS. Grounded, inductive analysis was conducted to organize studies into meaningful application areas. Further, we developed a tool to assess the visualisation complexity of the selected papers.Results: Of 3,723 identified unique citations, 42 papers met our inclusion criteria for the final review. One or more of the following types of GIS applications were reported by these studies: (a) thematic mapping (37 papers); (b) spatial cluster detection (16 papers); (c) risk factors detection (16 papers); and (d) health access and planning (two papers). In the majority of studies (88%), the score of visualisation complexity was relatively low: three or less from the range of zero to six. Conclusions: Although the number of studies using GIS techniques has dramatically increased in the last decade, the use of GIS in the areas of MS access and planning is still under-researched. Additionally, the capacity of GIS in visualising complex nature of MS care system is not yet fully investigated.

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Utilizing driving simulators for persons with multiple sclerosis: A scoping review

Transportation Research Part F Traffic Psychology and Behaviour ◽

10.1016/j.trf.2021.12.006 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 85 ◽

pp. 103-118

Author(s):

Sarah Krasniuk ◽

Melissa Knott ◽

Reem Bagajati ◽

Mahdis Azizderouei ◽

Radhika Sultania ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Driving Simulators

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A Scoping Review of Modifiable Risk Factors in Pediatric Onset Multiple Sclerosis: Building for the Future

Children ◽

10.3390/children5110146 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (11) ◽

pp. 146 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Julie Pétrin ◽

Max Fiander ◽

Prenitha Doss ◽

E. Yeh

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Relapse Rate ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Full Text ◽

Lifestyle Factors ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Modifiable Lifestyle Factors ◽

Pediatric Onset

Knowledge of the effect of modifiable lifestyle factors in the pediatric multiple sclerosis (MS) population is limited. We therefore conducted a scoping review, following the framework provided by Arksey and O’Malley. Four databases were searched for pediatric MS and modifiable lifestyle factors using index terms and keywords, from inception to May 2018. All quantitative and qualitative primary articles were included and limited to English and full text. Of the 7202 articles identified and screened, 25 full-text articles were relevant to our objective and were included. These articles focused on diet obesity, physical activity, and sleep. In cross-sectional analyses, these lifestyle factors were associated with increased risk of pediatric onset MS (POMS), and increased disease activity. Diet, particularly vitamin D and vegetable intake, was associated with reduced relapse rate. Obesity was linked to increased risk of POMS, and physical activity was associated with reduced relapse rate and sleep/rest fatigue. Thus, available studies of lifestyle related outcomes in pediatric MS suggest specific lifestyle related factors, including obesity, higher vitamin D levels, and higher physical activity may associate with lower disease burden in POMS. Studies reviewed are limited by their observational designs. Future studies with longitudinal and experimental designs may further clarify the role of modifiable lifestyle factors in this population.

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