Nanoliposomal encapsulation of Bitter Gourd (Momordica charantia) fruit extract as a rich source of health-promoting bioactive compounds

Bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.) is a fruit that traditionally believe to have benefits on health. It is a widely used traditional remedy for the treatment of diabetes. Bitter gourd is suggested for hyperglycemia treatment due to its ability to reduce glucose levels in the body. Some of the bioactive compounds present in it possess anti diabetic effects. It contains phytochemicals with anti-diabetic properties such as charantin, p-insulin and vicine. Hypoglycemic effects of bitter gourd have been shown in clinical studies. This review will focus on the hyperglycemic properties of bitter gourd.

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Bitter gourd (Momordica charantia) as a rich source of bioactive components to combat cancer naturally: Are we on the right track to fully unlock its potential as inhibitor of deregulated signaling pathways

Food and Chemical Toxicology ◽

10.1016/j.fct.2018.05.024 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 119 ◽

pp. 98-105 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Ammad Ahmad Farooqi ◽

Sumbul Khalid ◽

Fatima Tahir ◽

Uteuliev Yerzhan Sabitaliyevich ◽

Ilhan Yaylim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Signaling Pathways ◽

Momordica Charantia ◽

Rich Source ◽

Bitter Gourd ◽

Bioactive Components ◽

The Right

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Momordica charantia (Bitter Gourd) peel, pulp, seed and whole fruit extract inhibits mouse skin papillomagenesis

Toxicology Letters ◽

10.1016/s0378-4274(97)00099-4 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 94 (1) ◽

pp. 37-46 ◽

Cited By ~ 33

Author(s):

Anjali Singh ◽

Satya Prakash Singh ◽

Ramesh Bamezai

Keyword(s):

Mouse Skin ◽

Momordica Charantia ◽

Bitter Gourd ◽

Fruit Extract

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The effects of bitter gourd (Momordica charantia) extracts on Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA01 quorum sensing system

Planta Medica ◽

10.1055/s-0034-1382394 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 80 (10) ◽

Author(s):

YM Chong ◽

WF Yin ◽

KG Chan

Keyword(s):

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Quorum Sensing ◽

Momordica Charantia ◽

Bitter Gourd ◽

Sensing System ◽

Quorum Sensing System

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In Vitro Bioaccessibility of Bioactive Compounds from Citrus Pomaces and Orange Pomace Biscuits

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26123480 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (12) ◽

pp. 3480

Author(s):

Adriana Maite Fernández-Fernández ◽

Eduardo Dellacassa ◽

Tiziana Nardin ◽

Roberto Larcher ◽

Adriana Gámbaro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bioactive Compounds ◽

Total Phenol Content ◽

No Production ◽

Food Ingredient ◽

Potential Health ◽

Raw264.7 Macrophages ◽

In Vitro Bioaccessibility ◽

Health Promoting ◽

Orange Pomace

The present investigation aimed to provide novel information on the chemical composition and in vitro bioaccessibility of bioactive compounds from raw citrus pomaces (mandarin varieties Clemenule and Ortanique and orange varieties Navel and Valencia). The effects of the baking process on their bioaccessibility was also assessed. Samples of pomaces and biscuits containing them as an ingredient were digested, mimicking the human enzymatic oral gastrointestinal digestion process, and the composition of the digests were analyzed. UHPLC-MS/MS results of the citrus pomaces flavonoid composition showed nobiletin, hesperidin/neohesperidin, tangeretin, heptamethoxyflavone, tetramethylscutellarein, and naringin/narirutin. The analysis of the digests indicated the bioaccessibility of compounds possessing antioxidant [6.6–11.0 mg GAE/g digest, 65.5–97.1 µmol Trolox Equivalents (TE)/g digest, and 135.5–214.8 µmol TE/g digest for total phenol content (TPC), ABTS, and ORAC-FL methods, respectively; significant reduction (p < 0.05) in Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) formation under tert-butyl hydroperoxide (1 mM)-induced conditions in IEC-6 and CCD-18Co cells when pre-treated with concentrations 5–25 µg/mL of the digests], anti-inflammatory [significant reduction (p < 0.05) in nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW264.7 macrophages], and antidiabetic (IC50 3.97–11.42 mg/mL and 58.04–105.68 mg/mL for α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibition capacities) properties in the citrus pomaces under study. In addition, orange pomace biscuits with the nutrition claims “no-added sugars” and “source of fiber”, as well as those with good sensory quality (6.9–6.7, scale 1–9) and potential health promoting properties, were obtained. In conclusion, the results supported the feasibility of citrus pomace as a natural sustainable source of health-promoting compounds such as flavonoids. Unfractionated orange pomace may be employed as a functional food ingredient for reducing the risk of pathophysiological processes linked to oxidative stress, inflammation, and carbohydrate metabolism, such as diabetes, among others.

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Development and validation of genome-wide InDel markers with high levels of polymorphism in bitter gourd (Momordica charantia)

BMC Genomics ◽

10.1186/s12864-021-07499-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Junjie Cui ◽

Jiazhu Peng ◽

Jiaowen Cheng ◽

Kailin Hu

Keyword(s):

Genetic Map ◽

Average Density ◽

Momordica Charantia ◽

Bitter Gourd ◽

Map Construction ◽

Indel Markers ◽

Genome Wide ◽

Indel Polymorphisms ◽

Molecular Marker Development ◽

Development And Validation

Abstract Background The preferred choice for molecular marker development is identifying existing variation in populations through DNA sequencing. With the genome resources currently available for bitter gourd (Momordica charantia), it is now possible to detect genome-wide insertion-deletion (InDel) polymorphisms among bitter gourd populations, which guides the efficient development of InDel markers. Results Here, using bioinformatics technology, we detected 389,487 InDels from 61 Chinese bitter gourd accessions with an average density of approximately 1298 InDels/Mb. Then we developed a total of 2502 unique InDel primer pairs with a polymorphism information content (PIC) ≥0.6 distributed across the whole genome. Amplification of InDels in two bitter gourd lines ‘47–2–1-1-3’ and ‘04–17,’ indicated that the InDel markers were reliable and accurate. To highlight their utilization, the InDel markers were employed to construct a genetic map using 113 ‘47–2–1-1-3’ × ‘04–17’ F2 individuals. This InDel genetic map of bitter gourd consisted of 164 new InDel markers distributed on 15 linkage groups with a coverage of approximately half of the genome. Conclusions This is the first report on the development of genome-wide InDel markers for bitter gourd. The validation of the amplification and genetic map construction suggests that these unique InDel markers may enhance the efficiency of genetic studies and marker-assisted selection for bitter gourd.

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Pinus Species as Prospective Reserves of Bioactive Compounds with Potential Use in Functional Food—Current State of Knowledge

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants10071306 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (7) ◽

pp. 1306

Author(s):

Marcin Dziedziński ◽

Joanna Kobus-Cisowska ◽

Barbara Stachowiak

Keyword(s):

Human Health ◽

Bioactive Compounds ◽

Functional Food ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Food Ingredients ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

Pine Tree ◽

Pine Trees ◽

Health Promoting ◽

Few Data

The pine (Pinus L.) is the largest and most heteromorphic plant genus of the pine family (Pinaceae Lindl.), which grows almost exclusively in the northern hemisphere. The demand for plant-based remedies, supplements and functional food is growing worldwide. Although pine-based products are widely available in many parts of the world, they are almost absent as food ingredients. The literature shows the beneficial effects of pine preparations on human health. Despite the wide geographical distribution of pine trees in the natural environment, there are very few data in the literature on the widespread use of pine in food technology. This study aims to present, characterise and evaluate the content of phytochemicals in pine trees, including shoots, bark and conifer needles, as well as to summarise the available data on their health-promoting and functional properties, and the potential of their use in food and the pharmaceutical industry to support health. Various species of pine tree contain different compositions of bioactive compounds. Regardless of the solvent, method, pine species and plant part used, all pine extracts contain a high number of polyphenols. Pine tree extracts exhibit several described biological activities that may be beneficial to human health. The available examples of the application of pine elements in food are promising. The reuse of residual pine elements is still limited compared to its potential. In this case, it is necessary to conduct more research to find and develop new products and applications of pine residues and by-products.

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