Influence of the stacking sequence and coconut husk micro fillers on the drilling parameters of coconut leaf sheath/glass/jute fiber hybrid phenol formaldehyde composites

In these days, natural fiber and its composites are gaining more interest and utilization of biofibers has increased because of growing concern towards economic, environmental and conservation issues. The present study investigates, Fourier Transform Infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy and chemical resistance properties on the coconut leaf sheath (CLS) reinforced Phenol Formaldehyde (PF) composites. Naturally woven coconut leaf sheath composites were prepared in both NaOH treated and untreated forms with volume fraction of 60% of sheath and 40% of Phenol Formaldehyde resin. CLS were chemically treated using 5% of NaOH and composite boards were made using a hydraulic hot press at 140°C. FTIR test was conducted for both treated and untreated CLS fiber composites. And it was found that, due to chemical treatment of fibers reduction in lignin and hemicellulose content was observed. The chemical resistance of alkali treated and untreated CLS composites were measured by chemical absorption and chemical thickness swelling methods. Treated and untreated composite samples were then placed in 1N of saline, Hcl, HNO3 and H2SO4 separately. It is also observed that, saline and Hcl have been absorbed more in case of untreated composites and HNO3and H2SO4 is absorbed more in treated composites. These tests were done to know that, these composites can be used in manufacturing products which gives better chemical resistance.

Download Full-text

EXPERIMENTAL AND NUMERICAL INVESTIGATION ON THE TENSILE AND WATER ABSORPTION BEHAVIOR OF JUTE/CARBON REINFORCED EPOXY COMPOSITE

10.31224/osf.io/n68j9 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Abu Shaid Sujon ◽

Nagib Mehfuz ◽

Mohammad Ahsan Habib

Keyword(s):

Water Absorption ◽

Composite Laminates ◽

Engineering Application ◽

Jute Fiber ◽

Experimental Result ◽

Stacking Sequence ◽

Element Analysis ◽

Alloy Material ◽

D Model ◽

Composite Samples

Now a days traditional metallic and alloy material are replaced with the fiber based composite material in numerous engineering application. The effect of stacking sequence on tensile and flexural properties of epoxy-based carbon and jute fiber composites has been investigated experimentally and numerically in this paper. Six layers of woven unidirectional jute fiber and four-layer of carbon fiber has been fabricated by vacuum assisted resin infusion process with five different stacking sequences. The tensile and water absorption behaviors of the prepared composite samples were experimentally studied as per the standard of ASTM. The obtained results from the experiments revealed that the stacking sequence of the fiber has a great effect on the tensile and water absorption properties of the composite. To validate the experimental result of the tensile test, the exact 3 D model of the composite laminates were imported to a Finite Element Analysis (FEA) software with the exact experimental condition. The predicted FEA results were compared with the experimental results and a good similarity between them has been observed.

Download Full-text

Experimental and numerical investigations of the damages induced while drilling flax/epoxy composite

Journal of Composite Materials ◽

10.1177/00219983211055825 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 002199832110558

Author(s):

MF Ameur ◽

A Hadj Djilani ◽

R Zitoune ◽

Krishnaraj V ◽

J Sheikh-Ahmad ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cutting Forces ◽

Composite Plate ◽

Epoxy Composite ◽

Failure Criteria ◽

Stacking Sequence ◽

Machining Parameters ◽

Entry And Exit ◽

Drilling Parameters ◽

Macro Scale ◽

The One

The influence of the drilling parameters and the stacking sequence of flax/epoxy composite laminate on the cutting force and the damage induced were studied experimentally and numerically. Drilling tests were carried out based on full experimental design and the delamination at the entry and exit of the hole were quantified using an optical microscopy. Moreover, the damages at the wall of the hole were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy. Based on the experimental results, it was observed that the drilling forces and the machining quality are influenced on the one side by the spindle speed and feed and on the other side by the stacking sequence composite plate. In fact, the cutting forces recorded when drilling a composite plate with [90/0/90/0]2s is 30% higher to the one recorded when drilling a composite made with quasi-isotropic stacking sequence. A numerical model was developed in ABAQUS/Explicit using Hashin’s failure criteria in order to predict the cutting forces and the defects induced by the interaction of the drill and composite as a function of the machining parameters. The developed model has been validated at the macro-scale (thrust force) and the meso-scale (delamination at the entry and exit of the hole).

Download Full-text

Impact of substrate on soilless tomato cultivation

International Journal of Agricultural Research Innovation and Technology ◽

10.3329/ijarit.v6i2.31710 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 82-86 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

TP Suvo ◽

H Biswas ◽

MH Jewel ◽

MS Islam ◽

MSI Khan

Keyword(s):

Vitamin C ◽

Plant Height ◽

Growth Yield ◽

The Other ◽

Jute Fiber ◽

Tomato Plants ◽

Nutritional Values ◽

Hoagland Solution ◽

Coconut Husk ◽

The Media

An experiment was carried out to determine the effect of four different media based hydroponics on plant growth, yield and nutritional values at Biochemistry laboratory of Patuakhali Science and Technology University (PSTU), Bangladesh during November 2014 to April 2015. Tomato plants were grown in closed soilless system where Hoagland solution as nutrient solution and jute fiber, cotton (jhut), coconut husk as substrate. Among four types of media, the media composed with Hoagland solution and jute fiber showed good impact on growth and nutritional values than the other three media (media of Hoagland solution with coconut husk, Hoagland solution with cotton and only Hoagland solution. It was revealed that the highest plant height, yield, vitamin C, fruit protein, fat and fiber content of all were related to media combination of jute fiber and Hoagland solution. Among all the verities, the highest plant height (106 cm), yield (5.3 kg plant-1), fruit Vitamin C content (64.54 mg 100 g-1), fruit protein (17.67 %), fat (5.2%) and fiber (7.9%) content was recorded from Patharkuchi tomato variety.Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. & Tech. 6 (2): 82-86, December, 2016

Download Full-text

Influence of stacking sequence and hybridization on the mechanical and tribological properties of glass and jute fiber composites

Materials Today Proceedings ◽

10.1016/j.matpr.2021.06.294 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Z. Edward Kennedy ◽

Arul Inigo Raja M

Keyword(s):

Tribological Properties ◽

Fiber Composites ◽

Jute Fiber ◽

Stacking Sequence ◽

Mechanical And Tribological Properties

Download Full-text

High Resolution Study of Polytypism: Application to SiC and Au3 Mn

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100055540 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 40 ◽

pp. 540-541

Author(s):

G. Van Tendeloo ◽

J. Van Landuyt ◽

S. Amelinckx

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

High Resolution ◽

Stacking Sequence ◽

X Ray ◽

Powerful Technique ◽

Resolution Study ◽

The Ideal

Polytypism has been studied for a number of years and a wide variety of stacking sequences has been detected and analysed. SiC is the prototype material in this respect; see e.g. Electron microscopy under high resolution conditions when combined with x-ray measurements is a very powerful technique to elucidate the correct stacking sequence or to study polytype transformations and deviations from the ideal stacking sequence.

Download Full-text

Defect structures of Nb1+αS2 sulfidation scales

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s042482010012059x ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 50 (1) ◽

pp. 38-39

Author(s):

Chuxin Zhou ◽

L. W. Hobbs

Keyword(s):

Stacking Faults ◽

Rhombohedral Structure ◽

Stacking Sequence ◽

Defect Structures ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

Plane Normal ◽

Lower Case ◽

Sulfur Layer ◽

Two Phases

One of the major purposes in the present work is to study the high temperature sulfidation properties of Nb in severe sulfidizing environments. Kinetically, the sulfidation rate of Nb is satisfactorily slow, but the microstructures and non-stoichiometry of Nb1+αS2 challenge conventional oxidation/sulfidation theory and defect models of non-stoichiometric compounds. This challenge reflects our limited knowledge of the dependence of kinetics and atomic migration processes in solid state materials on their defect structures.Figure 1 shows a high resolution image of a platelet from the middle portion of the Nb1+αS2 scale. A thin lamellar heterogeneity (about 5nm) is observed. From X-ray diffraction results, we have shown that Nb1+αS2 scale is principally rhombohedral structure, but 2H-NbS2 can result locally due to stacking faults, because the only difference between these 2H and 3R phases is variation in the stacking sequence along the c axis. Following an ABC notation, we use capital letters A, B and C to represent the sulfur layer, and lower case letters a, b and c to refer to Nb layers. For example, the stacking sequence of 2H phase is AbACbCA, which is a ∼12Å period along the c axis; the stacking sequence of 3R phase is AbABcBCaCA to form an ∼18Å period along the c axis. Intergrowth of these two phases can take place at stacking faults or by a shear in the basal plane normal to the c axis.

Download Full-text

Study on the Chemical Modification Process of Jute Fiber

TAPPI Journal ◽

10.32964/tj9.2.23 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 23-29 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Wei-ming Wang ◽

Zai-sheng Cai ◽

Jian-yong Yu

Keyword(s):

Sodium Hydroxide ◽

Sodium Silicate ◽

Treatment Time ◽

Jute Fiber ◽

Process Conditions ◽

Silicate Concentration ◽

Sodium Hydroxide Concentration ◽

Liquor Ratio ◽

Degumming Process ◽

Selection Of

Degumming of pre-chlorite treated jute fiber was studied in this paper. The effects of sodium hydroxide concentration, treatment time, temperature, sodium silicate concentration, fiber-to-liquor ratio, penetrating agent TF-107B concentration, and degumming agent TF-125A concentration were the process conditions examined. With respect to gum decomposition, fineness and mechanical properties, sodium hydroxide concentration, sodium silicate concentration, and treatment time were found to be the most important parameters. An orthogonal L9(34) experiment designed to optimize the conditions for degumming resulted in the selection of the following procedure: sodium hydroxide of 12g/L, sodium silicate of 3g/L, TF-107B of 2g/L, TF-125A of 2g/L, treatment time of 105 min, temperature of 100°C and fiber to liquor ratio of 1:20. The effect of the above degumming process on the removal of impurities was also examined and the results showed that degumming was an effective method for removing impurities, especially hemicellulose.

Download Full-text