Ototoxicity of Topical Ciprofloxacin/Dexamethasone otic Suspension in a Chinchilla Animal Model

2008 ◽  
Vol 139 (6) ◽  
pp. 840-845 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sam J. Daniel ◽  
Raymundo Munguia
Keyword(s):  
Tube Insertion ◽  
Auditory Brain Stem Response ◽  
Normal Morphology ◽  
Auditory Brain Stem ◽  
Ventilation Tubes ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Contralateral Ear ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
To Receive

Objective To determine the ototoxic potential of ciprofloxacin/dexamethasone eardrops. Methods Ventilation tubes were inserted in the ears of 15 chinchillas. One ear was randomized to receive four drops of ciprofloxacin/dexamethasone. A control solution (0.45% NaCl) was applied in the contralateral ear. The eardrops were delivered twice daily for 7 consecutive days. Auditory brain stem response (ABR) measurements were recorded at baseline (post-tympanostomy tube insertion), and on days 4, 8, 15, 22, and 60. Results An initial transient increase of 8.11 dB nHL was noted in the mean thresholds of the experimental ears at day 4. On the last ABR evaluation (day 60), the mean thresholds were 16.33 ± 6.93 dB nHL in the experimental ears and 13.66 ± 6.65 dB nHL in the control ears. The difference in the mean thresholds between the experimental and control ears at day 60 was not significant (95% confidence interval, 3.12, –8.02). Scanning electron microscopy demonstrated normal morphology in all experimental ears that were assessed. Conclusion Ciprofloxacin/dexamethasone eardrops did not appear ototoxic when used in chinchillas post-ventilation tube insertion.

scholarly journals True and Pseudo Cholinesterase levels in short and long-term of pesticides exposures

2020 ◽  
pp. 9-12
Author(s):  
Mohammed Abdul Rahman ◽  
Raghunatha Rao D ◽  
Vasantha L
Keyword(s):  
Whole Blood ◽  
Acute Poisoning ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Serum Cholinesterase ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Chronic Poisoning ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Control

The present study is aimed to study and analyze the true and pseudo Cholinesterase levels in the subjects exposed to pesticides during short term by intentional or accidental intake and long term exposure due to their occupation were studied at Department of Biochemistry, SVS medical college and hospital mahbubnagar district. Whole blood cholinesterase levels and Pseudo cholinesterase levels were estimated. 150 people were taken as controls who had no medical illness and a total number of 300 cases of pesticide poisoning were selected, aged between 20 to 55 years, which consist of 150 acute poisoning and 150 chronic poisoning subjects in Mahbubnagar district, were taken as case study, the detailed case history and the type of organophosphorus pesticide taken were recorded. Mean and standard deviation (S.D) of all variables were calculated and compared with those of controls. Statistical significance was assessed and P-value <0.05 were considered significant.           During acute poisoning the mean value of Whole blood cholinesterase/True cholinesterase (U / L) in acute poisoning cases on first day was 1.267± 0.612 on 3th day was 1.651±0.647, on 7th day was 2.221±0.684 and at the end of 6 months was 3.970±0.404.The difference between the study group and control group (4.0 ± 0.39) was found to be statistically significant in1st, 3rd, 7th day but not significant at the end of 6 months. The mean value of serum cholinesterase/pseudo cholinesterase (U/L) in acute poisoning cases on first day was 2213.05 ± 1749.81, on 3th day was 2862.3 ± 2025.6, on 7th day was 4008.4 ± 2355.9 and at the end of 6 months was 7708.34 ± 880.72.The difference between the study group and control group (7991.97 ± 1276.5) was found to be statistically significant in1st, 3rd, 7th day but not significant at the end of 6 months. During chronic poisoning (exposure) the mean value of Whole blood cholinesterase (U/L) in controls is 4.0 ± 0.39 as compared to 3.019 ± 0.848 in cases of chronic poisoning. The difference between the study group and control group was found to be statistically significant. The mean value of serum cholinesterase/pseudo cholinesterase (U/L) in controls was 7991.97 ± 1276.5 as compared to 6214 ± 1189 in cases of chronic poisoning. The difference between the study group and control group was found to be statistically significant.

Cytomorphometric and Morphological Analysis in Women with Trichomonas vaginalis Infection: Micronucleus Frequency in Exfoliated Cervical Epithelial Cells

2015 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 258-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zehra Safi Oz ◽  
Banu Doğan Gun ◽  
Mustafa Ozkan Gun ◽  
Sukru Oguz Ozdamar
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
And Control ◽  
Group 1

Objectives: The aim of this study was to explore the cytomorphometric and morphological effects of Trichomonas vaginalis in exfoliated epithelial cells. Study Design: Ninety-six Pap-stained cervical smears were divided into a study group and two control groups as follows: T. vaginalis cases, a first control group with inflammation, and a second control group without inflammation. Micronucleated, binucleated, karyorrhectic, karyolytic, and karyopyknotic cells and cells with perinuclear halos per 1,000 epithelial cells were counted. Nuclear and cellular areas were evaluated in 70 clearly defined cells in each smear using image analysis. Results: The frequencies of morphological parameters in the T. vaginalis cases were higher than the values of the two control groups, and the difference among groups was found to be significant (p < 0.05). The nuclear and cytoplasmic areas of epithelial cells were diminished in patients with trichomoniasis. The mean nucleus/cytoplasm ratio in T. vaginalis patients was higher than the value in the control groups, and the difference between the study group and control group 1 was significant. However, there was no statistically significant increase between the study group and control group 2. Conclusions:T. vaginalis exhibited significant changes in the cellular size and nuclear structure of the cells. The rising frequency of micronuclei, nuclear abnormalities, and changing nucleus/cytoplasm ratio may reflect genotoxic damage in trichomoniasis.

scholarly journals X. An account of operations carried on for ascertaining the difference of level between the River Thames at London Bridge and the sea; and also for determining the height above the level of the sea, &c. of intermediate points passed over between Sheerness and London Bridge

1831 ◽  
Vol 121 ◽  
pp. 167-197 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Royal Society ◽  
The Mean ◽  
River Thames ◽  
The Difference ◽  
To Receive

In February 1830, at the suggestion of the Royal Society, I had the honour to receive directions from the Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty to make such observations as I might consider necessary, to ascertain the difference, if any, between the level of the waters at certain points on the river Thames, and the mean level of the sea near Sheerness, as well as the height of different intermediate points above the sea, such as Gravesend, Greenwich Observatory, &c. Having found, while employed in the Isthmus of Darien, how inadequate the present levelling instruments were to obtain very accurate results, and being desirous of conducting the interesting observations, I now had orders to make, with the most scrupulous exactness, I thought it necessary, in the first instance, to bestow some attention to the improvement of the instruments required to be used, endeavouring to combine superior steadiness and motion in azimuth, more delicacy in the level itself, more permanency in its position, and greater power in the telescope.

scholarly journals The Effects of Task-Based Language Teaching on Writing Achievement at a High School in Vietnam

2021 ◽  
Vol 04 (09) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dang Thi Thu Huong ◽  
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Teaching Writing ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Writing Achievement ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

The current study determines the effectiveness of using task-based language instructions in teaching writing at a high school in Thai Nguyen province. The participants consist of 92 grade 10 students from Bing Yen high school, Dinh Hoa district. The study employs a mix method research design (MMR) as the plan for the research. The results of the study reveals that the results of writing performance were reported at a low level (M=3.72). The results also confirmed that the intervention worked well for the experimental group. The mean score of the pre-test (the baseline for both groups) was M=3.72. The intervention focused on TBLT instructions. After first five weeks, the means of post-test1 were M=4.96 and M=3.83 for experimental group and control group respectively. There was a significant difference between the mean of pre-test and post-test1 for the experimental group (M=3.72 compared to M=4.96), while the control group showed a little improvement (M=3.72 compared to M=3.83) the difference was not significant. After another five weeks, the difference in the mean scores of the experimental group were far more than the mean scores of the control group, M=5.56 and M=4.45 respectively. By the end of the fifteenth week of the intervention, the mean of post-test 3 of the experimental group reached M=6.41, the mean for control group was M=5.54. The difference of the mean scores in the pre-test and post-test revealed a significant improvement in both groups. However, the experimental group showed a greater improvement, M=6.41 and M=5.54 respectively. It can infer that the uses of TBLT writing instruction improved writing achievement greatly.

scholarly journals Editorial: Scholarly communications and corporate governance research

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 162-164
Author(s):  
Alexander Kostyuk
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
American Economic Review ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Final Approval ◽  
Critical Commentary ◽  
Scholarly Communications ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control ◽  
To Receive

The role of scholarly conferences as a method of scholarly communications cannot be overestimated. Thus, Torgler and Piatti (2013) found that in 1974, only 19 per cent of papers published in American Economic Review had been presented at one or more conferences, workshops or seminars, for critical commentary prior to publication. On average, the number of presentations was 0.24 per paper. Twenty-five years later, 73 percent of the papers accepted for publication have been previously presented, and the mean number of pre-publication presentations was 4.73. Personal editorial and reviewing experience give a right to conclude that papers previously presented at the conferences have more serious scholarly content, solid empirical fundamentals and relevance. Scholarly journal reviewers are more favourable about such papers and it takes less time to receive the final approval of the reviewers for further publishing. Discussing the papers in an open manner at the conferences is welcome both by the authors of the papers as well as the commenting scholars adding more enthusiasm for further research. International conference "New Challenges in Corporate Governance: Theory and Practice"1 took place in Naples on October 3-4, 2019.2 About 80 experts from America, Europe, Asia, Africa and Oceania gathered at the conference venue to discuss relevant issues of corporate governance, ownership and control, share their most recent research and come up with the solutions of the existing corporate governance research.

scholarly journals The Role of Volume, Conductivity, Scatter Changes of Neutrophils and Monocytes in Diagnosis of Megaloblastic Anemia

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. A563-569
Author(s):  
Deepa Sowkur Anandarama Adiga ◽  
Debarshi Saha ◽  
Karthick R G ◽  
Vishnu Priya M ◽  
Purnima S Rao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Megaloblastic Anemia ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Volume Conductivity ◽  
Degree Of Certainty ◽  
Normochromic Anemia ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Control

Background: Megaloblastic anemias are macrocytic normochromic anemia with mean corpuscular volume (MCV) of 100 fl-140 fl and caused by deficiency of either cobalamin (vitamin B12) or folate. However, increased MCV is not specific for megaloblastic anemia, nor is Vitamin B12 assay by chemiluminescence. We undertook this study to evaluate the possible role of Volume, Conductivity and Scatter (VCS) of WBCs derived from standard hematology analyzer to indicate megaloblastic anemia. Methods: We performed a case control study comparing data of 60 patients with low serum vitamin B12 or folate levels with 60 healthy volunteers. Comparison of the volume, conductivity and scatter parameters for neutrophils and monocytes of cases and control were done. Result: The mean neutrophil volume of cases (158.37±18.13fl) was significantly higher (p= 0.0001) compared to controls (141.26±4.22fl). Similarly, mean monocyte volume of cases (183.34±16.90fl) was significantly (p=0.0001) higher compared to controls (166.55±8.66fl). The difference in the mean conductivity of both neutrophils and monocytes between cases and controls were insignificant (p=0.43). Conclusion: Our study suggests analysis of VCS parameters for neutrophils and monocytes was a simple and objective method that substantiates the existence of subclinical deficiency of vitamin B 12 and folate with fair degree of certainty.

scholarly journals T-Cell Reconstitution after Unrelated Donor HSCT Using Immunotherapy with CD25/71 Allodepleted Donor T Cells: Results of the Randomised Icat Study

Blood ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 134 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 1995-1995
Author(s):  
Karl S Peggs ◽  
Sarah J Albon ◽  
Catherine Irving ◽  
Rachel Richardson ◽  
Joan Casanovas-Company ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Chronic Gvhd ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Unrelated Donor ◽  
Donor T Cells ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control ◽  
To Receive

Karl S Peggs and Sarah J Albon contributed equally to the work and are joint first author Introduction Alemtuzumab reduces the incidence of GVHD after unrelated donor stem cell transplant (MUD SCT) but delays immune reconstitution resulting in high morbidity/mortality from viral infections. Previous studies have suggested that adoptive transfer of allodepleted donor T cells (ADTs) improves immunity after SCT but this has never been tested in a randomised study. We developed a methodology for selective immunomagnetic depletion of alloreactive T-cells upregulating CD25 and CD71 after activation with host dendritic cells (DC) and showed that ADTs retain anti-viral responses with minimal host alloreactivity (Samarasinghe et al Blood 2010). We have now tested whether ADTs can safely be used to improve immune reconstitution after MUD SCT for haematological malignancies in a randomised Phase II multi-centre clinical study; ICAT (NCT01827579). Methods Patients undergoing Alemtuzumab-based peripheral blood SCT from a 9/10 or 10/10 MUD for haematological malignancy were randomised 2:1 to receive either the ATIMP (ADTs) or standard of care. Two weeks prior to SCT, patients randomised to ATIMP underwent a leucapheresis from which DCs were generated. Irradiated patient-derived DCs were then co-cultured with peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from an unstimulated leucapheresis/500ml blood draw from the donor to activate alloreactive T cells. Four days later, the co-culture was depleted of CD25+ and CD71+ fractions by immunomagnetic depletion on the CliniMACs, sampled for residual alloreactivity and sterility, and cryopreserved. Patients randomised to the ATIMP were scheduled to receive 3 escalating doses of ADTs (0.1x106/Kg at day 30, 0.3x106/Kg at day 60 and 1x106/Kg at day 90 post-SCT) until either there was >grade 1 aGVHD or they had normal circulating T cells (>700/µL). The primary end-point of the study was circulating CD3+ T cell count at 4 months post-SCT with one-sided 15% significance level. Acute/chronic GVHD were graded using the Seattle/NIH criteria respectively. Results Twenty one patients were treated, 13 on the ATIMP arm and 8 on the control arm. The median age was 53 years and 67% (14) were male. 12 were AML/Myelodysplasia, 5 NHL, 3 CLL/CML and 1 HL. The median follow-up time is 14 months. Five of 13 ATIMP patients received 1 dose of ADTs, 4/13 2 doses and 4/13 all 3 doses. The incidence of acute and chronic GVHD was comparable between the arms. Overall, 7/13 ATIMP patients developed significant (>Grade 2) acute GVHD compared to 4/8 of the control arm (p>0.99). 3/13 patients in the ATIMP arm and 2/8 patients in the control arm developed severe aGVHD (all Grade 3). Three of 13 ATIMP cohort patients developed chronic GVHD (1 mild, 1 moderate, 1 severe), compared to 3/8 (all mild) in the control cohort. At 4 months, the circulating CD3+ T cell count mean was 730/µL (range 10-4080) in the ATIMP group and 212.5/µL (range 10-500) in the control group (1-sided p=0.11). However, the data was not normally distributed (Wilcoxon 1-sided p=0.18). Three ATIMP patients had high CD3+ T cell count at 4 months (>1000/µL). At 6 months, the mean circulating CD3+ T cell count was 833.6/µL (range 20-2690) and 327.5/µL (range 10-860). At month 4, the mean PHA stimulation index in the ATIMP arm was 16.8 (range 0.67- 73.1) vs 3.8 (range 1.1-8.2) in the control group. At 4 and 6 months post-SCT, spectratyping analysis showed no evidence of a difference in Vβ diversity between the 2 arms in both CD4+ and CD8+ cells. The 1-year survival rate in the ATIMP cohort is 92% vs 88% in the control, and 1-year disease free survival rate 67% in the ATIMP cohort vs 70% in the control. Conclusions These data suggest that adoptive transfer of ADTs improves T cell reconstitution in some patients after MUD SCT and that the GVHD rates were similar between ATIMP and control groups. Figure 1: Kinetics of T cell recovery after transplant in ATIMP (blue) and Control (red) patients. Mean +/- SEM shown. Figure 1 Disclosures Peggs: Gilead: Consultancy, Speakers Bureau; Autolus: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Ghorashian:UCLB: Patents & Royalties: UCLB; Celgene: Honoraria; novartis: Honoraria. Amrolia:UCLB: Patents & Royalties.

scholarly journals Within-Breath Oscillatory Mechanics in Horses Affected by Severe Equine Asthma in Exacerbation and in Remission of the Disease

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
Luca Stucchi ◽  
Francesco Ferrucci ◽  
Michela Bullone ◽  
Raffaele L. Dellacà ◽  
Jean Pierre Lavoie
Keyword(s):  
Severe Asthma ◽  
Respiratory System ◽  
Clinical Remission ◽  
Matched Control ◽  
Flow Limitation ◽  
Impulse Oscillometry ◽  
Expiratory Flow Limitation ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Control

Oscillometry is a technique that measures the resistance (R) and the reactance (X) of the respiratory system. In humans, analysis of inspiratory and expiratory R and X allows to identify the presence of tidal expiratory flow limitation (EFLt). The aim of this study was to describe inspiratory and expiratory R and X measured by impulse oscillometry system (IOS) in horses with severe asthma (SEA) when in clinical remission (n = 7) or in exacerbation (n = 7) of the condition. Seven healthy, age-matched control horses were also studied. Data at 3, 5, and 7 Hz with coherence > 0.85 at 3 Hz and >0.9 at 5 and 7 Hz were considered. The mean, inspiratory and expiratory R and X and the difference between inspiratory and expiratory X (ΔX) were calculated at each frequency. The data from the three groups were statistically compared. Results indicated that in horses during exacerbation of severe asthma, X during expiratory phase is more negative than during inspiration, such as in humans in presence of EFLt. The evaluation of X during inspiration is promising in discriminating between horses with SEA in remission and control horses.

scholarly journals Seminal transferrin in the seminal quality evaluation of hemodialytic patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Gilmar Pereira Silva ◽  
Fabiana Pirani Carneiro ◽  
Vitor Pereira Xavier Grangeiro
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chronic Hemodialysis ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Normal Morphology ◽  
Fertility Index ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control ◽  
Relationship Of

Objective: to verify the association between seminal quality and seminal transferrin (ST) level and fertility index in patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis (CH). Material and methods: This is a cross-sectional study in a group of 60 men (case) undergoing CH for more than 6 months, and a group of 30 healthy men (control), aged 18-60 years, without clinical or laboratory signs of infection/inflammation. Spermiogram was performed, fertility index (FI) was calculated and ST and sex hormones (SH) levels were measured, including follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, total testosterone, and prolactin. Results: All individuals were eugonadal. No differences for age (49.47 ± 5.56, 47.90 ± 6.2, p = 0.22) were observed between cases and controls, whereas there were significant differences between the individuals in the case and control groups with respect to the mean FI (p = 0.000), seminal parameters (SP) (p = 0.000), and ST levels (40.12 ± 08.25 vs 73.32 ± 06.8, p = 0.000). ST levels were correlated with FI (r = 0.787, p = 0.00) and SP (motility: r = 0.857, p = 0.000; vitality: r = 0.551, p = 0.000; density: r = 0.850, p = 0.000; normal morphology: r = 0.386, p = 0.000). Linear regression model showed relationship of ST levels with total sperm motility (R2 = 0.701; p = 0.000) and and FI (R2 = 0.569; p = 0.000). Conclusions: Our results suggest that seminal quality is associated with ST levels and FI and that it can be used the initial investigation of subfertility/infertility of patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis..

scholarly journals Platelet count estimation: a prognostic index in pregnancy induced hypertension

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 476
Author(s):  
Aakriti Gupta ◽  
Jyoti Hak ◽  
Isha Sunil ◽  
Amita Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Count ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Prognostic Index ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
In Pregnancy

Background: Hypertension in pregnancy is one of the serious complications of pregnancy with an incidence of 5% to 7% of all pregnancies, particularly in cases with preeclampsia and eclampsia. Though platelet count during pregnancy is within the normal non pregnant reference values, there is a tendency for the platelet count to fall in late pregnancy. The frequency and intensity of maternal thrombocytopenia varies and is dependent on the intensity of the disease process and duration of PIH syndrome.Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted on 200 pregnant women attending OPD Or Inpatients in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, SMGS Hospital, GMC Jammu from November 2015 to October 2016. Pregnant women beyond 28 weeks gestation of pregnancy are included and divided into two groups i.e. the study and control group. Platelet counts will be done every 4 weeks in controls and weekly in subjects from 28 weeks till delivery.Results: The mean platelet count observed among cases of mild preecclampsia, severe preeclampsia and ecclampsia was 2.26, 1.63 and 0.99 lakh/mm3 respectively. The difference in mean platelet count among cases and controls was statistically significant. The association of platelet count with severity of different categories of PIH was analysed statistically and was highly significant.Conclusions: Platelet count is a very important investigation for the antenatal mother having PIH, as it is directly related to maternal and perinatal outcome. Routine and regular monitoring of platelet count can be included in the routine antenatal checkup among the pregnant women with PIH.

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