Chicory (Cichorium intybus) and wormwood (Artemisia absinthium) extracts exhibit strong larvicidal activity against mosquito vectors of malaria, dengue fever, and filariasis

2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (6) ◽  
pp. 781-786 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sofi Imtiyaz Ali ◽  
B. Gopalakrishnan ◽  
V. Venkatesalu
Keyword(s):  
Dengue Fever ◽  
Larvicidal Activity ◽  
Cichorium Intybus ◽  
Mosquito Vectors ◽  
Artemisia Absinthium

scholarly journals Diversity and abundance of mosquitoes (Diptera, Culicidae) in a fragment of Amazon Cerrado in Macapá, State of Amapá, Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. e901
Author(s):  
Jose Ferreira Saraiva ◽  
Ahana Maitra ◽  
Raimundo Nonato Picanço Souto
Keyword(s):  
Dengue Fever ◽  
Yellow Fever ◽  
Neotropical Region ◽  
The State ◽  
Mosquito Vectors ◽  
First Time ◽  
Collection Methods

The Neotropical region has the highest diversity of species, but despite this diversity, this region presents many sampling gaps. The objective of this study was to study the diversity of the mosquitoes of family Culicidae (Diptera: Culicomorpha) as well as to identify the mosquito vectors, in a fragment of Amazon Cerrado in Macapá, Amapá. Three collection methods (Shannon trap, CDC and active collection) were used, and the samples were collected between January to December 2006. 21 species were identified; 11 of them being vectors of malaria, dengue fever, yellow fever, Zika, chikungunya and filariasis; and three of them, Toxorhynchites h. haemorrhoidalis (Fabricius), Wyeomyia melanocephala Dyar & Knab and Wyeomyia aporonoma Dyar & Knab were recorded for the first time from Amapá. The present study contributes to the diversity of mosquitoes (Culicidae) that can be used in additional mapping studies to mitigate epidemic outbreaks in the state of Amapá.

scholarly journals PENYULUHAN DEMAM BERDARAH DENGUE (DBD) KEPADA PELAJAR-PELAJAR DI PERGURUAN KRISTEN METHODIST-2 RANTAUPRAPAT

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-41
Author(s):  
Saharnauli Janna Verawaty Simorangkir
Keyword(s):  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Dengue Fever ◽  
Mosquito Vectors ◽  
Public Concern ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Dengue Disease ◽  
Agents Of Change ◽  
Agent Of Change ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Activity Method

Abstrak Penyakit demam berdarah merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan di Kota Medan yang cenderung menimbulkan kekhawatiran masyarakat karena perjalanan penyakitnya cepat dan dapat menyebabkan kematian dalam waktu yang singkat. Penyakit demam berdarah adalah penyakit yang disebabkan oleh virus dengue. Virus ini ditularkan melalui vector nyamuk. Pendekatan pemberantasan demam berdarah yang berwawasan kepedulian masyarakat merupakan salah satu alternatif pendekatan baru dalam rangka pengendalian penyebaran penyakit ini. Tujuan dari kegiatan ini adalah untuk memberikan penjelasan kepada pelajar-pelajar yang diharapkan dapat menjadi agent of change di lingkungannya dalam pemberantasan penyakit DBD ini. Metode kegiatan ini dilaksanakan dalam bentuk penyuluah, tanya jawab dan games. Kegiatan ini dinilai cukup berhasil. Indikator keberhasilannya adalah berdasarkan antusiasme peserta untuk bertanya dan feedback dari peserta yang menyatakan penyuluhan ini dinilai menarik dan bermanfaat. Kesimpulan dari kegiatan ini adalah melalui keilmuan yang dimiliki dapat digunakan untuk membantu memberikan pemahaman mengenai penyakit-penyakit kepada masyarakat, yang pada akhirnya dapat mendorong partisipasi masyarakat dalam pencegahan penularan dan pertambahan kasus-kasus penyakit tertentu di masyarakat Abstract Dengue fever is one of the health problems in Medan City which tends to cause public concern because the disease progresses quickly and can cause death in a short time. Dengue fever is a disease caused by the dengue virus. This virus is transmitted by mosquito vectors. The approach to eradicating dengue fever with a public concern is an alternative to a new approach to control the spread of this disease. The purpose of this activity is to provide explanations to students who are expected to become agents of change in their environment in eradicating this dengue disease. This activity method was carried out in the form of counseling, question and answer and games. This activity was considered quite successful. The success indicator was based on the enthusiasm of the participants to asked questions and feedback from the participants who stated that this counseling was considered interesting and useful. The conclusion of this activity was that through the knowledge that is owned it can be used to help provide an understanding of diseases to the community, which in turn can encourage community participation in preventing the transmission of certain diseases in the community.

scholarly journals Artemisia vulgaris efficacies against various stages of Aedes aegypti

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1423-1429
Author(s):  
Vika Ichsania Ninditya ◽  
Endah Purwati ◽  
Ajeng Tyas Utami ◽  
Aprillyani Sofa Marwaningtyaz ◽  
Nadia Khairunnisa Fairuz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Dengue Fever ◽  
Larvicidal Activity ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Oviposition Deterrent ◽  
Deterrent Effect ◽  
Artemisia Vulgaris ◽  
Endemic Diseases ◽  
Potential Alternative

Background and Aim: Aedes aegypti is the vector of dengue fever, dengue hemorrhagic fever, chikungunya, and, most recently, Zika. Dengue fever is one of Indonesia's endemic diseases. The principal tool for preventing dengue is controlling Ae. aegypti by chemical insecticides since vaccine against dengue is still under research. However, Ae. aegypti developed resistance to various chemical insecticides worldwide. Therefore, research on alternate compounds as mosquito insecticides is urgently needed. This study demonstrated the efficacy of Artemisia vulgaris extract as larvicidal, ovicidal, adulticidal, repellency, and oviposition deterrent activity against Ae. aegypti. Materials and Methods: A. vulgaris was obtained from Temanggung, Indonesia, while the eggs of Ae. aegypti were collected from Yogyakarta, Indonesia, and were hatched in Laboratory of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada. Larvicidal activity was evaluated according to the WHO protocol; adulticidal activity was performed using the Centers for Disease Control protocol. Oviposition activity was evaluated using ovitraps added with A. vulgaris extract, complete protection time in the repellent assay was defined as the number of minutes elapsed between compound application and the landing of the first mosquito. Results: A test of the larvicidal activity of A. vulgaris extract returned an LC50 of 65.8 ppm (r2=0.9014) in 1 h and 18.6 ppm (r2=0.575) in 24 h. A. vulgaris was effective as an adulticidal, demonstrating LC50 values of 11.35 mg (r2=0.875) in 90 min, 9.63 mg (r2=0.924) in 105 min, and 6.46 mg (r2=0.925) in 120 min. A. vulgaris at a concentration of 1000 ppm was able to reach 96% of oviposition deterrent effect. The ovicidal assay, a concentration of 1000 ppm resulted in 82.67% of eggs remaining unhatched. An extract concentration of 80 mg/ml achieved 63.3±3.5% biting repellency in adults. Conclusion: This study gives a clear indication that A. vulgaris extract acts on Ae. aegypti at various developmental stages and is a potential alternative bioinsecticide for controlling this disease vector.

scholarly journals Larvicidal Enzyme Inhibition and Repellent Activity of Red Mangrove Rhizophora mucronata (Lam.) Leaf Extracts and Their Biomolecules against Three Medically Challenging Arthropod Vectors

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (17) ◽  
pp. 3844
Author(s):  
Sengodan Karthi ◽  
Karthic Uthirarajan ◽  
Vinothkumar Manohar ◽  
Manigandan Venkatesan ◽  
Kamaraj Chinnaperumal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Larvicidal Activity ◽  
Mosquito Control ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Acetone Extract ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Repellent Activity ◽  
Rhizophora Mucronata ◽  
Mosquito Vectors ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Red Mangrove

The larvicidal potential of crude leaf extracts of Rhizophora mucronata, the red mangrove, using diverse solvent extracts of the plant against the early fourth instar larvae of Anopheles stephensi, Culex quinquefasciatus and Aedes aegypti mosquito vectors was analyzed. The acetone extract of R. mucronata showed the greatest efficacy: for Cx. quinquefasciatus (LC50 = 0.13 mg/mL; LC90 = 2.84 mg/mL), An. stephensi (LC50 = 0.34 mg/mL; LC90 = 6.03 mg/mL), and Ae. aegypti (LC50 = 0.11 mg/mL; LC90 = 1.35 mg/mL). The acetone extract was further fractionated into four fractions and tested for its larvicidal activity. Fraction 3 showed stronger larvicidal activity against all the three mosquito larvae. Chemical characterization of the acetone extract displayed the existence of several identifiable compounds like phytol, 3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-2-hexadecen-1-ol, 1-hexyl-2-nitrocyclohexane, eicosanoic acid etc. Enzyme assay displayed that R. mucronata active F3-fractions exert divergent effects on all three mosquitos’ biochemical defensive mechanisms. The plant fractions displayed significant repellent activity against all the three mosquito vectors up to the maximum repellent time of 210 min. Thus, the bioactive molecules in the acetone extract of R. murconata leaves showed significant larvicidal and enzyme inhibitory activity and displayed novel eco-friendly tool for mosquito control.

scholarly journals Inhibition and Larvicidal Activity of Phenylpropanoids from Piper sarmentosum on Acetylcholinesterase against Mosquito Vectors and Their Binding Mode of Interaction

PLoS ONE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. e0155265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arshia Hematpoor ◽  
Sook Yee Liew ◽  
Wei Lim Chong ◽  
Mohd Sofian Azirun ◽  
Vannajan Sanghiran Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Larvicidal Activity ◽  
Binding Mode ◽  
Mosquito Vectors

scholarly journals Larvicidal activity of phytoextracts against dengue fever vector, Aedes aegypti - A review

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 167-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kalarikkal Venugopalan Lakshmi ◽  
Ambalaparambil Vasu Sudhikumar ◽  
Embalil Mathachan Aneesh
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Vector Control ◽  
Dengue Fever ◽  
Inhibitory Action ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Mosquito Vectors ◽  
Chemical Insecticide ◽  
Insecticide Application ◽  
Efficient Control

Since Aedes aegypti is considered as the major vector of dengue fever, development of strategies to accomplish improved vector control without much interference in the environment composition are more common. As phytochemicals are now in the run for achieving this goal, this review is a humble attempt to recognize the plant species and their larvicidal efficacy with their inhibitory action on the life cycle of the species of interest, that has been documented through various studies conducted till date. Here we also discuss the synergistic impact of a number of phytoextracts which will provide more efficient control measures for mosquito vectors. All these studies are an exploration for a risk-free vector control tactic to replace the current chemical insecticide application for the betterment of our nature.

scholarly journals Chemical composition and larvicidal activity against Aedes mosquitoes of flower extracts from Clitoria Ternatea

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darvin R. Ravindran ◽  
Madhuri Bharathithasan ◽  
Patmani Ramaiah ◽  
Mohd Sukhairi Mat Rasat ◽  
Dinesh Rajendran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Larvicidal Activity ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Mosquito Vector ◽  
Mosquito Vectors ◽  
Clitoria Ternatea ◽  
Chemical Structures

AbstractBackgroundMosquito is a human health tread nowadays, the major health problems caused by them are malaria, dengue fever, yellow fever, zika as well as several other outbreaks. The major problem in controlling dengue vectors are the resistant problems. Different classes of insecticides used for public have raised the concern of resistant problem with mosquitoes and environmental pollution. Thus, alternative chemical compounds search is necessary to be searched for overcoming the resistance problem of using pesticides in vectors and the chemical free environment respectively. Thus, to solve these problems, purpose of this study is to identify the larvicidal mechanism, metabolite, antioxidant, chemical compounds and its structure from C. ternatea flower and to test its efficacies against early 4th instar larvae of Ae. aegypti and Ae albopictus.MethodsClitoria ternatea flowers were collected from the Garden of the Faculty of Medicine in International Quest University, Ipoh, Perak and used for crude extraction. Then, the metabolite test, antioxidant test, chromatography techniques were conducted to identify chemical composition of extracts and their chemical structures were identified using GCMS-QP2010 Ultra (Shimadzu). Next, following WHO procedures for larval bioassays, the extracts were used to evaluate against early 4th instar larvae of Aedes mosquito vectors.ResultsThe larvicidal activity of Clitoria ternatea flowers extracts evidently affected the early 4th instar larvae of Aedes mosquito vectors. The highest larvicidal activity was observed against early 4th instar larvae of Ae. aegypti with the LC50 and LC95 values of 1056 and 2491 mg/L, respectively. Meanwhile larvae bioassay test for Ae.albopictus recorded with the LC50 and LC95 values of 1425 and 2753 mg/L. Moreover, the results for non target organism test on Guppy fish, Poecilia reticulate showed no mortalities with flower extracts at 2500 mg/L and posses no toxic effects on fish. In this study, total of 16 chemical compounds and 6 chemical compounds have been reported to posse’s direct effects on insecticidal, larvicidal and pupicidal effects. Namely 6 chemicals used for insecticidal properties were Glycerin, 2-Hydroxy-gamma-butyrolactone, Neophytadiene, n-Hexadecanoic acid, cis-Vaccenic acid, and Octadecanoic acid with total of 28.7%. Clitoria ternatea flower extracts also showed different types of phenols such as anthocyanin, flavonoid and tannin.ConclusionsOur findings showed that crude extract of Clitoria ternatea flower bioactive molecules to be effective and may be developed as biolarvicides for Aedes mosquito vector control. Furthermore, this study also provided a baseline understanding for future research work on the field applications of Clitoria ternatea flower extracts which could be tested for its long term effects on other non target organisms, including human health.

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