scholarly journals Effects of raster layup and printing speed on strength of 3D-printed structural components

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 720-725
Author(s):  
Mohammad Reza Khosravani ◽  
Tamara Reinicke
Keyword(s):  
Structural Components ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Printing Speed

scholarly journals Rehabilitation Brace Based on the Internet of Things 3D Printing Technology in the Treatment and Repair of Joint Trauma

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Dahua Zhang ◽  
Xiang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Printing Technology ◽  
3D Printing Technology ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Joint Trauma ◽  
The Internet Of Things ◽  
Printing Speed

More and more people pay attention to the printing speed and quality of 3D printing tools. In order to understand whether the 3D printing rehabilitation brace can play a role in the treatment and repair of joint trauma, we used 3D printing technology to print the rehabilitation brace and compared with the traditional rehabilitation brace. The printed parts were analyzed in detail. The experimental results prove that the rehabilitation braces made by the two methods can play a role in the repair of joint trauma. However, 3D printed rehabilitation braces can better meet the needs of patients with detailed patient data in application. The braces are more suitable, and their production speed is about 35% faster than traditional methods. Through the survey of patients and doctors, it is found that the satisfaction of patients and doctors with printed braces is above 89%, while the satisfaction with traditionally made braces is only about 60%. This shows that the rehabilitation brace based on the Internet of Things 3D printing technology has a more significant role in the treatment and repair of joint trauma, and the effect is better.

scholarly journals Developing 3D-Printable Cathode Electrode for Monolithically Printed Microbial Fuel Cells (MFCs)

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (16) ◽  
pp. 3635
Author(s):  
Pavlina Theodosiou ◽  
John Greenman ◽  
Ioannis A. Ieropoulos
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Electrode Material ◽  
Microbial Fuel Cells ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Cathode Electrode ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Electroactive Species ◽  
Sintered Carbon ◽  
Am Processes

Microbial Fuel Cells (MFCs) employ microbial electroactive species to convert chemical energy stored in organic matter, into electricity. The properties of MFCs have made the technology attractive for bioenergy production. However, a challenge to the mass production of MFCs is the time-consuming assembly process, which could perhaps be overcome using additive manufacturing (AM) processes. AM or 3D-printing has played an increasingly important role in advancing MFC technology, by substituting essential structural components with 3D-printed parts. This was precisely the line of work in the EVOBLISS project, which investigated materials that can be extruded from the EVOBOT platform for a monolithically printed MFC. The development of such inexpensive, eco-friendly, printable electrode material is described below. The electrode in examination (PTFE_FREE_AC), is a cathode made of alginate and activated carbon, and was tested against an off-the-shelf sintered carbon (AC_BLOCK) and a widely used activated carbon electrode (PTFE_AC). The results showed that the MFCs using PTFE_FREE_AC cathodes performed better compared to the PTFE_AC or AC_BLOCK, producing maximum power levels of 286 μW, 98 μW and 85 μW, respectively. In conclusion, this experiment demonstrated the development of an air-dried, extrudable (3D-printed) electrode material successfully incorporated in an MFC system and acting as a cathode electrode.

scholarly journals Increasing the Tensile Strength of 3d printed Poly lactic Acid (PLA) Using Design of Experiments (DOE)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Fused Deposition Modelling ◽  
Environmental Friendliness ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Nozzle Temperature ◽  
Plastic Parts ◽  
Printing Speed

Experimental design has been used to determine outlying factors that affect tensile strength of fused deposition modelling 3D printed PLA parts. A two level, three factor full factorial experiments were utilized to determine the best combination of factors that yielded the highest tensile strength of PLA tensile dog bones manufactured in accordance with ASTM D638-14. PLA is particularly desirable due to its environmental friendliness, biodegradability, low cost, and low melting point, allowing it to be built on a non-heated platform without risk of toxic fumes. Increasing the tensile strength of PLA will allow PLA to be used in a wider range of applications that demand stronger plastic parts. The chosen factors were infill percentage, nozzle temperature, and printing speed. The tensile strength was affected by all factors and combinations except for high levels of infill percentage, nozzle temperature, and printing speed combined.

scholarly journals Mechanically Stable β-TCP Structural Hybrid Scaffolds for Potential Bone Replacement

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 281
Author(s):  
Matthias Ahlhelm ◽  
Sergio H. Latorre ◽  
Hermann O. Mayr ◽  
Christiane Storch ◽  
Christian Freytag ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Fe Simulation ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Bone Replacement ◽  
Powdery Material ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Near Net Shape ◽  
Structural Hybrid ◽  
Hybrid Scaffolds

The authors report on the manufacturing of mechanically stable β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) structural hybrid scaffolds via the combination of additive manufacturing (CerAM VPP) and Freeze Foaming for engineering a potential bone replacement. In the first step, load bearing support structures were designed via FE simulation and 3D printed by CerAM VPP. In the second step, structures were foamed-in with a porous and degradable calcium phosphate (CaP) ceramic that mimics porous spongiosa. For this purpose, Fraunhofer IKTS used a process known as Freeze Foaming, which allows the foaming of any powdery material and the foaming-in into near-net-shape structures. Using a joint heat treatment, both structural components fused to form a structural hybrid. This bone construct had a 25-fold increased compressive strength compared to the pure CaP Freeze Foam and excellent biocompatibility with human osteoblastic MG-63 cells when compared to a bone grafting Curasan material for benchmark.

The Use of Additive Manufacturing to Fabricate Structural Components for Wearable Robotic Devices

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ray Churchwell ◽  
Kevin W. Hollander ◽  
Connor Theisen
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Fused Deposition Modeling ◽  
Joint Torque ◽  
Human Gait ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Average Force ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Robotic Devices

Our interest is in designing, fabricating and testing wearable robotic devices that assist human gait of able bodied individuals [1, 2]. Recently, we have been experimenting with Additive Manufacturing, 3D printing, using Fused Deposition Modeling technology as a method to fabricate key structural components for these robotic devices. A key structural component for the JTAR (Joint Torque Augmentation Robot) hip exoskeleton was manufactured using 3D printing and has been destructively tested to validate design requirements, the average force required to destroy the part was 2500 N with a standard deviation of 86 N, and this level of strength provided a safety factor in excess 4 times the expected load. The 3D printed part also has been successfully demonstrated on the JTAR robot for approximately 32 kilometers of hiking with no signs of degradation. The JTAR device has been demonstrated with the 3D printed hip mechanism in various environments, including treadmills and unconstrained outdoor environments.

scholarly journals Microstructural Characterization of 3D Printed Cementitious Materials

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (18) ◽  
pp. 2993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jolien Van Der Putten ◽  
Maxim Deprez ◽  
Veerle Cnudde ◽  
Geert De Schutter ◽  
Kim Van Tittelboom
Keyword(s):  
Process Parameters ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Microstructural Characterization ◽  
Lower Surface ◽  
Cementitious Materials ◽  
Lower Amount ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Printing Speed

Three-dimensional concrete printing (3DCP) has progressed rapidly in recent years. With the aim to realize both buildings and civil works without using any molding, not only has the need for reliable mechanical properties of printed concrete grown, but also the need for more durable and environmentally friendly materials. As a consequence of super positioning cementitious layers, voids are created which can negatively affect durability. This paper presents the results of an experimental study on the relationship between 3DCP process parameters and the formed microstructure. The effect of two different process parameters (printing speed and inter-layer time) on the microstructure was established for fresh and hardened states, and the results were correlated with mechanical performance. In the case of a higher printing speed, a lower surface roughness was created due to the higher kinetic energy of the sand particles and the higher force applied. Microstructural investigations revealed that the amount of unhydrated cement particles was higher in the case of a lower inter-layer interval (i.e., 10 min). This phenomenon could be related to the higher water demand of the printed layer in order to rebuild the early Calcium-Silicate-Hydrate (CSH) bridges and the lower amount of water available for further hydration. The number of pores and the pore distribution were also more pronounced in the case of lower time intervals. Increasing the inter-layer time interval or the printing speed both lowered the mechanical performance of the printed specimens. This study emphasizes that individual process parameters will affect not only the structural behavior of the material, but they will also affect the durability and consequently the resistance against aggressive chemical substances.

Optimization of FDM process parameters for tensile properties of polylactic acid specimens using Taguchi design of experiment method

2020 ◽  
pp. 089270572096456
Author(s):  
M Heidari-Rarani ◽  
N Ezati ◽  
P Sadeghi ◽  
MR Badrossamay
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Layer Thickness ◽  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Design Of Experiment ◽  
Taguchi Design Of Experiment ◽  
Experiment Method ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Printing Speed

Fused deposition modeling (FDM) is the most common method for additive manufacturing of polymers, which is expanding in various engineering applications due to its ability to make complex parts readily. The mechanical properties of 3D printed parts strongly depend on the correct selection of the process parameters. In this study, the effect of three important process parameters such as infill density, printing speed and layer thickness were investigated on the tensile properties of polylactic acid (PLA) specimens. Taguchi design of experiment method is applied to reduce the number of experiments and find the optimal parameters for maximum mechanical properties, minimum weight and minimum printing time. Experimental results showed that the optimum process parameters for the modulus of elasticity and ultimate tensile strength were infill density of 80%, printing speed of 40 mm/s and layer thickness of 0.1 mm, while for the failure strain were the infill density of 80%, printing speed of 40 mm/s and layer thickness of 0.2 mm. Finally, the accuracy of the Taguchi method was assessed for prediction of mechanical properties of FDM-3D printed specimens.

scholarly journals Extrusion-Based 3D Printing of CuSn10 Bronze Parts: Production and Characterization

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1774
Author(s):  
Ahmet Çağrı Kılınç ◽  
Ali Aydın Goktasş ◽  
Özgür Yasin Keskin ◽  
Serhan Köktaş
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Layer Thickness ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Fused Deposition Modelling ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Part Density ◽  
Printing Speed

The interest in producing cost-effective 3D printed metallic materials is increasing day by day. One of these methods, which has gained much attention recently, is the fused deposition modelling (FDM) method. The parameters used in the FDM method have significant effects on the printed part properties. In this study, CuSn10 bronze alloy was successfully produced. The printing speed and layer thickness were investigated as the printing process parameters, and their effect on morphological properties was characterized by using SEM. As a result, it was observed that the formation of printing-induced voids was prevented by applying a layer thickness of 0.2 mm. Additionally, by increasing printing speed, a slight decrease in product density was observed. Following determination of 3D printing parameters which give the highest printed part density, the parts were debound in hexane solution via solvent debinding. Finally, the parts were sintered at 850, 875 and 900 °C for 5 h to examine effect of sintering temperature on density, porosity, shape deformation and mechanical properties. Although partial slumping started to form over 875 °C, the highest density (94.19% of theoretical density) and strength (212 ± 17.72 MPa) were obtained by using 900 °C as the sintering temperature.

scholarly journals Effect of Infill Pattern and Lattice Structure on the Mechanical Properties of 3D Printed Metal Polylactide Filament

2021 ◽  
Vol 2120 (1) ◽  
pp. 012019
Author(s):  
Rishitena Umapathi ◽  
Joon Hoong Lim
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Lattice Structure ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Stress And Strain ◽  
Copper Metal ◽  
Grid Pattern ◽  
Strain Data ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Printing Speed

Abstract The purpose of this given research is to study the mechanical properties of the printed metal polylactide filament due to the recent growth of 3D printing technology. It had been widely used in many industries, but some consequences influence the material properties of printed parts and cause anisotropy. The consequences mentioned are based on parameters that have been involved in causing changes in the mechanical properties of the printed specimen such as the infill pattern, infill density, printing temperature, surrounding temperature, printing orientation, and printing speed. This paper will emphasize more on the infill patterns and choosing the better infill pattern for a printed material using copper metal polylactide (PLA) filament in terms of better strength. The strength of the printed material can be analysed using the tensile test method according to ASTM D68-10 standards. so that Young’s Modulus can be evaluated based on stress and strain data collected from each specimen that has been tested. This experiment is conducted twice using PLA and copper metal PLA whereby the PLA is used as a comparison towards copper metal PLA. Based on previous studies shows honeycomb has the strongest infill pattern but after running through the certain test it is found out that grid pattern has the qualities for FDM processes which will be discussed further.

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