Forensic Psychiatric and Legal Aspects of Infanticide and Neonaticide in Russia

Aims:To find out clinical and social factors contributing to specific female crimes - infanticide and neonaticide.Method:Clinical, descriptive statistical.Results:The problem of the murder of children by their mothers remains a burning issue in Russia. The most complicated for forensic psychiatrists are the cases when children were killed by not mentally ill mothers, especially in the situations when women killed their children within 24 hours of birth. Neonaticide reflects mostly social than clinical factors. The research has revealed that these women were young, single or separated and often exposed to psychogenic situations with high level of stress (financial and housing problems, concealment of illegitimate pregnancy). In accordance with the Criminal Code of Russia enacted in 1997 the special law governs infanticide and neonaticide. This law takes into account that:1.at the time of child murder the mental state of mother was affected by childbirth;2.the psychogenic situation which caused the crime.In the cases of infanticide or neonaticide an offence punishable as if women had been guilty of manslaughter.Conclusion:Thus due to the new law these cases are dealt more leniently and it reflects more constructive and humane approach to such a complicated phenomenon as child murder.

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Criteria for new inclusions in the OED – A case study of informatization

English Today ◽

10.1017/s0266078415000589 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 32 (3) ◽

pp. 20-27

Author(s):

Guohua Chen ◽

Lixia Cheng

Keyword(s):

Artificial Intelligence ◽

Information Society ◽

English Language ◽

Civil Servant ◽

List Type ◽

Type Number ◽

One Year ◽

High Level ◽

First Time

In 1977 two French men, Simon Nora, a high-level civil servant, and Alain Minc, an economist, co-authored a report entitled L'informatisation de la société to French president Valery Giscard d'Estaing, which was later translated into English and published as The Computerization of Society (Nora & Minc, 1980). However, in a paper of the same title written in English and published in 1987, Minc simply transplanted the French word informatisation directly into English rather than sticking to the old translation computerization. However that was not the first time the word informatisation was used in the English language. One year before, the word informatization had appeared in an article published in the American magazine Dædalus: (1)This is what the information society is offering as a by-product of a new stage in the mechanization of the economy and the informatization of culture. […] It is no accident that the phrase “artificial intelligence” has become such an important term within the culture of those responsible for the informatization of society, because, if intelligence can be artificial, then the randomness of history will disappear (Smith, 1986: 165–6).

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Some Familial and Social Factors in Depressive Illness

The British Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1192/bjp.112.486.429 ◽

1966 ◽

Vol 112 (486) ◽

pp. 429-441 ◽

Cited By ~ 44

Author(s):

Alistair Munro

Keyword(s):

Mental Illness ◽

Social Class ◽

Family History ◽

Social Factors ◽

Depressive Illness ◽

The Other ◽

List Type ◽

Type Number ◽

The Social ◽

History Of

This article presents the results of a study in which a number of social, familial and demographic aspects of primary depressive illness were examined under carefully-controlled conditions. The following factors are particularly considered: 1.The size of the sibship in the depressive's family of upbringing;2.the ordinal position of the depressive in that sibship;3.the depressive's position in the sibship relative to the other sibs;4.the age of the parents at the time of the depressive individual's birth;5.the presence of a family history of severe mental illness;6.celibacy and marriage in depressive individuals;7.the fertility of depressives;8.the social class distribution of depressive illness.

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A sparkling apéritif or old wine in new bags?

Bilingualism Language and Cognition ◽

10.1017/s1366728913000217 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 16 (4) ◽

pp. 748-750

Author(s):

PIETER MUYSKEN

Keyword(s):

Second Language ◽

Social Factors ◽

Language Contact ◽

Language Change ◽

First Language ◽

List Type ◽

Type Number ◽

Dominant Language ◽

Bilingual Speakers ◽

Communicative Strategies

In the keynote article “Language contact outcomes as the result of bilingual optimization strategies” (Muysken, published online May 31, 2013; henceforth KA), I have tried to accomplish three things: (a)linking a number of fields of language contact research (code-switching, Creole studies, contact-induced language change, bilingual production), by(b)assuming four roles that the contributing languages may play ((i) first language dominant, (ii) second language dominant, (iii) neither language dominant – patterns common to the two languages, and (iv) neither language dominant – language-neutral communicative strategies), and(c)modeling these four roles in terms of bilingual optimization strategies, which may be implemented in an Optimality Theoretic (OT) framework. Bilingual strategies are conditioned by social factors, processing constraints of speakers’ bilingual competence, and perceived language distance. Different language contact outcomes correspond to different interactions of these strategies in bilingual speakers and their communities.

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High rate of suicide and attempted suicide in the lipjan detention center (LDC), compared to other correctional institutions of kosovo (CIK)

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/s0924-9338(11)73312-0 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 26 (S2) ◽

pp. 1608-1608

Author(s):

V. Blakaj Ramadani ◽

S. Blakaj ◽

M. Gjocaj

Keyword(s):

Early Detection ◽

Suicidal Behavior ◽

Attempted Suicide ◽

Health Management ◽

High Rate ◽

List Type ◽

Type Number ◽

Correctional Institutions ◽

Detention Center ◽

High Level

IntroductionIn Correctional Institutions of Kosovo (CIK), the rate of suicide and attempted suicide is low (in the last six years have been six suicide).Disturbing is the fact that during the period October 2007 to January 2009 at the Lipjan Detention Center (LDC) have been nine suicide and three attempted suicide, while in all other correctional institutions has not happened any suicide and only one attempted suicide. This level is to high when we consider the fact that the capacity of LDC is approximately 200 prisoners, while in all other correctional institutions have about 1500 prisoners.ObjectivesThe objective is to find reasons for such a high level of suicide and attempted suicide in LDC.AimsThe aim is to return the low level of suicidal behavior in LDC.MethodsMapping:1.Survey documentation2.Interviews3.Focus groupsResults1.Lack of detection of cases at risk for suicide during admission.2.Inadequate administrative and health management.3.Insufficient communication between staff and prisonersConclusionsBetter management in early detection of cases Creation of a multidisciplinary team for management of cases referred as risky for suicide

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Treatment or Punishment for the Mentally Ill

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/s0924-9338(09)71069-7 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 24 (S1) ◽

pp. 1-1

Author(s):

Y. Melamed

Keyword(s):

Ambulatory Care ◽

Mentally Ill ◽

Public Safety ◽

Criminal Responsibility ◽

Direct Result ◽

List Type ◽

Type Number ◽

Ambulatory Treatment ◽

The Law ◽

Court Orders

A mentally ill individual who commits a crime stands trial. According to Israeli law, patients who committed crimes as a direct result of their illness, are not tried but are sent for treatment. The decision to hospitalize the mentally ill offender reflects humane concern for the patient. However, public safety must also be protected. When the patient"s condition improves, s/he no longer requires hospitalization, and by law, can be discharged. Thus, a patient who committed a serious offense may be released to the community much to the displeasure of society. Seemingly the patient "evades" punishment, though others claim that offenders must be punished.There are three possible solutions:a.The patient should be hospitalized for as long as necessary, and thereafter, if s/he is still considered dangerous, should be sent to prison.b.The patient should be hospitalized for a period determined by the Court, and can not be discharged prior to the court determined discharge date.c."Treatment years" model: The court determines "mandatory treatment years" for a patient who was not sentenced due to lack of criminal responsibility.Thus, when necessary the patient is hospitalized, and when his/her situation improves, the psychiatric tribunal may transfer the patient to compulsory ambulatory care with the option for re-hospitalization when necessary. Non-adherence to ambulatory treatment, is treated as any other violation of court orders.The law should find the middle road between treating the patient and protecting society coincident with punishment and determent of crime, when necessary.

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PENERAPAN SANKSI HUKUM PIDANA TERHADAP PELAKU TINDAK PIDANA PECURIAN HEWAN TERNAK

Jurnal Hukum Kaidah: Media Komunikasi dan Informasi Hukum dan Masyarakat ◽

10.30743/jhk.v18i3.1183 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 18 (3) ◽

pp. 1-13

Author(s):

Cut Nurita

Keyword(s):

Mass Media ◽

Social Factors ◽

Legal Aspects ◽

Criminal Code ◽

Family Factors ◽

Economic Factors ◽

Legal Research ◽

Field Approach ◽

Normative Approach ◽

Legal Sanctions

The criminal act of theft is still a dilemma, and this seems a quite serious problem which requires any solution. The problems in this study are what factors cause the theft of livestock, and how the implementation of criminal legal sanctions is against the perpetrators of theft.This study uses descriptive methods through normative approach (legal research), which is based on the facts in the field approach to the problem, and is carried out by examining various legal aspects in terms of applicable regulations.The finding shows that the factors that cause the theft of livestock are economic factors, low appreciation to religion, family factors, environmental / social factors, unemployment, influence of mass media either TV or foreign films, influence of alcohol, and opportunity factor . In addition to these factors, there are objective factors and subjective factors. The implementation of criminal legal sanctions for the perpetrators of the theft is regulated in Article 363 of the Criminal Code. Keywords: Criminal Act, Theft, Livestock

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Channel abstractions for network security

Mathematical Structures in Computer Science ◽

10.1017/s0960129509990247 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

pp. 3-44 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

MICHELE BUGLIESI ◽

RICCARDO FOCARDI

Keyword(s):

Security Analysis ◽

Expressive Power ◽

Relative Strength ◽

List Type ◽

Direct Measure ◽

Type Number ◽

Discriminating Power ◽

Core Set ◽

High Level ◽

Process Algebraic

Process algebraic techniques for distributed systems are increasingly being targeted at identifying abstractions that are adequate for both high-level programming and specification and security analysis and verification. Drawing on our earlier work in Bugliesi and Focardi, (2008), we investigate the expressive power of a core set of security and network abstractions that provide high-level primitives for specifying the honest principals in a network, while at the same time enabling an analysis of the network-level adversarial attacks that may be mounted by an intruder.We analyse various bisimulation equivalences for security that arise from endowing the intruder with: (i)different adversarial capabilities; and(ii)increasingly powerful control over the interaction among the distributed principals of a network. By comparing the relative strength of the bisimulation equivalences, we obtain a direct measure of the intruder's discriminating power, and hence of the expressiveness of the corresponding intruder model.

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The interface between general and forensic psychiatry: a historical perspective

Advances in Psychiatric Treatment ◽

10.1192/apt.bp.113.011999 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 20 (5) ◽

pp. 350-358 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Harvey Gordon ◽

Vivek Khosla

Keyword(s):

Mental Disorder ◽

Mentally Ill ◽

Forensic Psychiatry ◽

Learning Objectives ◽

List Type ◽

Type Number ◽

Mentally Disordered Offenders ◽

Mentally Disordered ◽

The Past ◽

The Uk

SummaryMental disorder and criminality are separate entities but some people with a mental disorder commit criminal offences and some criminals have a mental disorder. Before 1800 there was no separate category of mentally disordered offenders (referred to as criminal lunatics until 1948) in UK legislation. The provision of facilities for mentally disordered offenders in Britain and Ireland overlapped with, but was also separate from, provision for the mentally ill generally. The interface between general and forensic psychiatry is an area of tension and of collaboration. To understand how contemporary general and forensic psychiatry interact, it is useful to have an understanding of how factors have evolved overtime.Learning Objectives•Have an understanding of the evolution of general and forensic psychiatry in the UK over the past 200 years.•Comprehend the similarities and differences between general and forensic psychiatry.•Be aware of some of the roots of conflict between general and forensic psychiatry.

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National Aerospace Planning

Journal of the Royal Aeronautical Society ◽

10.1017/s0001924000055275 ◽

1967 ◽

Vol 71 (679) ◽

pp. 487-488

Author(s):

H. Caplan

Keyword(s):

Research And Development ◽

Working Party ◽

Civil Aviation ◽

List Type ◽

Type Number ◽

European Collaboration ◽

Complementary Role ◽

Defence Procurement ◽

High Level

Summary:—There is no doubt of the need for strong central planning of aeronautical research and development as advocated by the Post-Plowden Working Party of the Royal Aeronautical Society (pp. 391-392 June 1967 “Journal“).But there are many other problems in the efficient use of aerospace resources which are equally in need of attention by the Society. Among the most important are: The complementary role of improved industrial and project management.The need to deal separately with the distinct problems of Defence, Civil Aviation and Space—in particular the improvement of Defence procurement methods.The need to discover the correct commercial and engineering bases (as distinct from political bases) for European collaboration.The need to complement the work of a strong planning organisation by providing facilities for high-level and informed technical debate, wherever possible in public.

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Solar Corona Investigation by the Coronal Line Photometer at Lomnický Peak

International Astronomical Union Colloquium ◽

10.1017/s0252921100025744 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 144 ◽

pp. 431-434

Author(s):

M. Minarovjech ◽

M. Rybanský

Keyword(s):

Solar Corona ◽

Time Resolution ◽

Active Regions ◽

High Time ◽

High Time Resolution ◽

List Type ◽

Type Number ◽

Coronal Line ◽

Global Cycle

AbstractThis paper deals with a possibility to use the ground-based method of observation in order to solve basic problems connected with the solar corona research. Namely:1.heating of the solar corona2.course of the global cycle in the corona3.rotation of the solar corona and development of active regions.There is stressed a possibility of high-time resolution of the coronal line photometer at Lomnický Peak coronal station, and use of the latter to obtain crucial observations.

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