Long-term Association between Diet Quality and Characteristics of the Gut Microbiome in the Multiethnic Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-29
Author(s):  
Erica Ma ◽  
Gertraud Maskarinec ◽  
Unhee Lim ◽  
Carol J. Boushey ◽  
Lynne R. Wilkens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diet Quality ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Alpha Diversity ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Shannon Index ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Multiethnic Cohort

Abstract As past usual diet quality may affect gut microbiome (GM) composition, we examined the association of the Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2015 assessed 21 and 9 years before stool collection with measures of fecal microbial composition in a subset of the Multiethnic Cohort. A total of 5,936 participants completed a validated quantitative food frequency questionnaire (QFFQ) at cohort entry (Q1, 1993-96), 5,280 at follow-up (Q3, 2003-08), and 1,685 also at a second follow-up (Adiposity Phenotype Study (APS), 2013–16). All participants provided a stool sample in 2013-2016. Fecal microbial composition was obtained from 16S rRNA gene sequencing (V1-V3 region). HEI-2015 scores were computed based on each QFFQ. Using linear regression adjusted for relevant covariates, we calculated associations of HEI-2015 scores with gut microbial diversity and 152 individual genera. The mean HEI-2015 scores increased from Q1 (67±10) to Q3 (71±11) and APS (72±10). Alpha diversity assessed by the Shannon Index was significantly higher with increasing tertiles of HEI-2015. Of the 152 bacterial genera tested, seven (Anaerostipes, Coprococcus_2, Eubacterium eligens, Lachnospira, Lachnospiraceae_ND3007, Ruminococcaceae_UCG-013, and Ruminococcus_1) were positively and five (Collinsella, Parabacteroides, Ruminiclostridium_5, Ruminococcus gnavus, and Tyzzerella) were inversely associated with HEI-2015 assessed in Q1, Q3, and APS. The estimates of change per unit of the HEI-2015 score associated with the abundance of these 12 genera were consistent across the three questionnaires. The quality of past diet, assessed as far as ˜20 years before stool collection, is equally predictive of GM composition as concurrently assessed diet, indicative of the long-term consistency of this relation.

scholarly journals Gut microbiome composition in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos is shaped by geographic relocation, environmental factors, and obesity

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert C. Kaplan ◽  
Zheng Wang ◽  
Mykhaylo Usyk ◽  
Daniela Sotres-Alvarez ◽  
Martha L. Daviglus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Health ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Alpha Diversity ◽  
Amplicon Sequencing ◽  
Shannon Index ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hispanic Community ◽  
The Usa

Abstract Background Hispanics living in the USA may have unrecognized potential birthplace and lifestyle influences on the gut microbiome. We report a cross-sectional analysis of 1674 participants from four centers of the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL), aged 18 to 74 years old at recruitment. Results Amplicon sequencing of 16S rRNA gene V4 and fungal ITS1 fragments from self-collected stool samples indicate that the host microbiome is determined by sociodemographic and migration-related variables. Those who relocate from Latin America to the USA at an early age have reductions in Prevotella to Bacteroides ratios that persist across the life course. Shannon index of alpha diversity in fungi and bacteria is low in those who relocate to the USA in early life. In contrast, those who relocate to the USA during adulthood, over 45 years old, have high bacterial and fungal diversity and high Prevotella to Bacteroides ratios, compared to USA-born and childhood arrivals. Low bacterial diversity is associated in turn with obesity. Contrasting with prior studies, our study of the Latino population shows increasing Prevotella to Bacteroides ratio with greater obesity. Taxa within Acidaminococcus, Megasphaera, Ruminococcaceae, Coriobacteriaceae, Clostridiales, Christensenellaceae, YS2 (Cyanobacteria), and Victivallaceae are significantly associated with both obesity and earlier exposure to the USA, while Oscillospira and Anaerotruncus show paradoxical associations with both obesity and late-life introduction to the USA. Conclusions Our analysis of the gut microbiome of Latinos demonstrates unique features that might be responsible for health disparities affecting Hispanics living in the USA.

scholarly journals Diet Quality and All-Cause and Cancer-Specific Mortality in Older Adults with Invasive Cancer: The Multiethnic Cohort Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 555-555
Author(s):  
Song-Yi Park ◽  
Yurii Shvetsov ◽  
Minji Kang ◽  
V Wendy Setiawan ◽  
Carol Boushey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Invasive Cancer ◽  
Japanese American ◽  
Multiethnic Cohort ◽  
Specific Mortality ◽  
Cancer Specific Mortality

Abstract Objectives We examined the association of postdiagnostic diet quality with all-cause and cancer-specific mortality in older adults diagnosed with invasive cancer, in comparison with those without invasive cancer, in the Multiethnic Cohort. Methods Data were from 66,374 African American, Native Hawaiian, Japanese American, Latino, and White men and women, who had no prevalent cancer, heart disease, or stroke at baseline (1993–1996, 45–75 years) and completed a quantitative food frequency questionnaire at both baseline and 10-year follow-up (2003–2007). Overall diet quality was measured by the Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2015, the Alternative HEI-2010 (AHEI-2010), the alternate Mediterranean Diet (aMED), and the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) scores. Invasive cancer cases between the baseline and 10-year surveys and deaths after the 10 year survey were identified through linkage to cancer registries and to state death files and the National Death Index. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated in multivariate Cox models for the dietary indexes at 10-year follow-up with subsequent mortality. Results Age-adjusted mean scores of the 4 dietary indexes at baseline (prediagnosis) and 10-year follow-up (postdiagnosis) were similar or slightly lower in participants with cancer (n = 5998), compared to those without cancer (n = 60,376). Among participants with cancer (71.5 ± 8.0 years), 2006 all-cause and 1005 cancer-specific deaths were identified during a mean follow-up of 8 years after the 10-year survey. Postdiagnostic scores from all 4 indexes were associated with lower risk of all-cause and cancer mortality: for the highest vs. lowest quartiles, HR (95% CI) for all-cause mortality was 0.72 (0.62–0.82) for HEI-2015, 0.84 (0.73–0.96) for AHEI-2010, 0.74 (0.63–0.86) for aMED, and 0.76 (0.66–0.87) for DASH. The corresponding HRs (95% CIs) for cancer mortality were 0.81 (0.66–0.99), 0.81 (0.66–0.99), 0.72 (0.58–0.89), and 0.79 (0.65–0.97). These HRs were similar to those for participants without cancer. Conclusions Postdiagnostic high-quality diet was related to lower all-cause and cancer mortality in older adults with invasive cancer, with risk reduction comparable to that among participants without cancer. Funding Sources National Cancer Institute.

Alterations of gut microbiome in autoimmune hepatitis

Gut ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 569-577 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiran Wei ◽  
Yanmei Li ◽  
Li Yan ◽  
Chunyan Sun ◽  
Qi Miao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autoimmune Hepatitis ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Alpha Diversity ◽  
Disease Status ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Treatment Naïve

ObjectiveThe significance of the liver-microbiome axis has been increasingly recognised as a major modulator of autoimmunity. The aim of this study was to take advantage of a large well-defined corticosteroids treatment-naïve group of patients with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) to rigorously characterise gut dysbiosis compared with healthy controls.DesignWe performed a cross-sectional study of individuals with AIH (n=91) and matched healthy controls (n=98) by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. An independent cohort of 28 patients and 34 controls was analysed to validate the results. All the patients were collected before corticosteroids therapy.ResultsThe gut microbiome of steroid treatment-naïve AIH was characterised with lower alpha-diversity (Shannon and observed operational taxonomic units, both p<0.01) and distinct overall microbial composition compared with healthy controls (p=0.002). Depletion of obligate anaerobes and expansion of potential pathobionts including Veillonella were associated with disease status. Of note, Veillonella dispar, the most strongly disease-associated taxa (p=8.85E–8), positively correlated with serum level of aspartate aminotransferase and liver inflammation. Furthermore, the combination of four patients with AIH-associated genera distinguished AIH from controls with an area under curves of approximately 0.8 in both exploration and validation cohorts. In addition, multiple predicted functional modules were altered in the AIH gut microbiome, including lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis as well as metabolism of amino acids that can be processed by bacteria to produce immunomodulatory metabolites.ConclusionOur study establishes compositional and functional alterations of gut microbiome in AIH and suggests the potential for using gut microbiota as non-invasive biomarkers to assess disease activity.

scholarly journals Influence of Fermented Vegetable Consumption on Gut Microbiome Diversity

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1188-1188
Author(s):  
Sina Ullrich ◽  
Kerstin Thriene ◽  
Nadine Binder ◽  
Lena Amend ◽  
Till Strowig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Alpha Diversity ◽  
Shannon Index ◽  
Fermented Foods ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Fermented Vegetables

Abstract Objectives The effects of fermented foods on the gut microbiome are of great interest, yet evidence regarding its potential to increase gut microbial diversity, a measure likely associated with health, is lacking. Therefore, we analyzed the microbial composition (bacteria and yeasts) of commercially available fermented vegetables. Furthermore, we conducted a pilot study to assess the feasibility of studying effects of regular consumption of fermented vegetables on the gut microbiome. Methods Six healthy male volunteers (age: 25.5 ± 2.9yrs, BMI: 24.3 ± 1.2kg/m2) participated in a randomized crossover trial, with two 2-week intervention phases each of which was preceded by a 2-week washout phase. Participants consumed 150g/d of either sauerkraut (intervention 1) or a variety of six different fermented vegetables (intervention 2). We used 16S rRNA sequencing to assess the effects of each dietary regime on the composition, diversity and dynamics of the gut microbiome, as well as the composition and diversity of the fermented vegetable microbiome. Results Lactobacillus was the dominant genus in all fermented vegetables; still, the alpha diversity, richness and evenness of the microbiota differed substantially among the different products. Among our study participants, we observed an increase in alpha diversity (Shannon index) after both, consumption of sauerkraut (pre intervention: 3.31 ± 0.74, post intervention: 3.58 ± 0.68) and the selection of fermented vegetables (pre: 3.60 ± 0.93, post: 3.84 ± 0.81). However, the results did not reach statistical significance, due to the high inter- and intra-individual variability as evaluated by beta diversity of the gut microbial communities. Conclusions A longer-term intervention study with fermented vegetables and/or sauerkraut seems feasible. Consumption of fermented vegetables appears to increase the diversity of the gut microbiome, even after a relatively short period of time. However, further studies with a larger sample size are warranted to verify our observations. Funding Sources Institutional budget.

scholarly journals 83 Lifelong dynamics of the swine gut microbiome: from birth to market

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 48-48
Author(s):  
Xiaofan Wang ◽  
Tsung Cheng Tsai ◽  
Charles V Maxwell ◽  
Jiangchao Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Community Dynamics ◽  
Alpha Diversity ◽  
Illumina Miseq ◽  
Shannon Index ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
16 S Rrna

Abstract Despite the recent advances in the swine gut microbiomes during different growth stages, a comprehensive longitudinal study of the lifelong dynamics of the swine gut microbiome is lacking. To fill this gap of knowledge, we selected seventeen piglets (PIC29*380) that were born on the same date from three sows. We collected a total of 274 rectal swabs during lactation (d 0, 11, 20), nursery (d 27, 33, 41, 50, 61), growing (d 76, 90, 104, 116), and finishing (d 130, 146, 159, and 174) stages. Samples were extracted using the Powersoil DNA isolation kit (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany) and sequenced with an Illumina Miseq sequencer targeting the V4 region of the 16 S rRNA gene. Sequences were analyzed with the Deblur algorithm in the QIIME2 package. In general, alpha diversity including community richness (e.g., number of observed features, Chao1) and diversity (e.g., Shannon Index) showed an overall trend of increasing from lactation to the finishing stage (P < 0.01). Gradual and significant changes in community structures were also observed along the four growth stages (ANOSIM, R = 0.66; P < 0.01). Non-parametric permutational multivariate analysis of variance shows that main factors driving the lifelong community dynamics included age and diet. Seventeen phylum members were discovered in the lifelong pig gut microbiome with Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes being the most abundant phyla. LEfSe analysis revealed 63 bacterial features that are stage specific. By using a regressing tree based Random Forest model we identified five bacterial features that are associated with swine growth performance including features 26 (Turicibacteraceae Turicibacter), 27 (Clostridium butyricum), 18 (Clostridiaceae), 19 (Clostridium perfringens) and 4 (Clostridiaceae). Characterization of the lifelong dynamics of 17 healthy pigs from birth to market provides a foundation for gut microbiome studies focusing on swine development, health and growth performance.

scholarly journals Fecal Microbial Diversity and Structure Are Associated with Diet Quality in the Multiethnic Cohort Adiposity Phenotype Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 149 (9) ◽  
pp. 1575-1584 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gertraud Maskarinec ◽  
Meredith A J Hullar ◽  
Kristine R Monroe ◽  
John A Shepherd ◽  
Jeani Hunt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Microbial Community Structure ◽  
Alpha Diversity ◽  
Clinic Visit ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Dietary Index ◽  
Multiethnic Cohort

ABSTRACT Background Variation in gut microbial community structure is partly attributed to variations in diet. A priori dietary indexes capture diet quality and have been associated with chronic disease risk. Objectives The aim of this study was to examine the association of diet quality, as assessed by the Healthy Eating Index, Alternative Healthy Eating Index-2010, alternate Mediterranean Diet, and the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension Trial, with measures of fecal microbial community structure assessed in the Adiposity Phenotype Study (APS), an ethnically diverse study population with varied food intakes. Methods Multiethnic Cohort Study members completed a validated quantitative food frequency questionnaire (QFFQ) at cohort entry (1993–1996) and, for the APS subset, at clinic visit (2013–2015), when they also provided a stool sample. DNA was extracted from stool, and the V1-V3 region of the 16S rRNA gene was amplified and sequenced. Dietary index scores were computed based on the QFFQ and an extensive nutritional database. Using linear regression adjusted for relevant covariates, we estimated associations of dietary quality with microbiome measures and computed adjusted mean values of microbial measures by tertiles of dietary index scores. Results The 858 men and 877 women of white, Japanese American, Latino, Native Hawaiian, and African American ancestry had a mean age of 69.2 years at stool collection. Alpha diversity according to the Shannon index increased by 1–2% across tertiles of all 4 diet indexes measured at clinic visit. The mean relative abundance of the phylum Actinobacteria was 13–19% lower with higher diet quality across all 4 indexes (difference between tertile 3 and tertile 1 divided by tertile 1). Of the 104 bacterial genera tested, 21 (primarily from the phylum Firmicutes) were positively associated with at least 1 index after Bonferroni adjustment. Conclusion Diet quality was strongly associated with fecal microbial alpha diversity and beta diversity and several genera previously associated with human health.

scholarly journals Dietary Patterns and Gut Microbiome Composition in a Large Population-Based Cohort

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 514-514
Author(s):  
Zhangling Chen ◽  
Djawad Radjabzadeh ◽  
Arfan Ikram ◽  
Andre Uitterlinden ◽  
Robert Kraaij ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Alpha Diversity ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Shannon Index ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Microbiome Composition

Abstract Objectives Effects of diet on health and disease risk may be mediated by changes in gut microbiome composition. Our aim was to examine associations between intake of food groups and overall diet quality with gut microbiome composition in a large population-based cohort. Methods We analyzed data of 1130 participants (median age 57 years) from the Rotterdam Study, a population-based cohort study in the Netherlands. We measured dietary intake using a 389-item FFQ, and assessed adherence to dietary guidelines for 14 food groups and combined into a diet quality score. We assessed gut microbiome composition using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Data were available for 11 phyla, 19 classes, 25 orders, 44 families, and 184 genera. Alpha diversity was quantified by Shannon index and Richness, and beta diversity was qualified by Bray-Curtis distance. We used linear models to examine associations with Shannon index and Richness, Adonis function to examine variations of Bray-Curtis distance, and Multivariate Association with Linear Models to examine associations with gut microbial communities. Models were adjusted for technical covariates, energy intake, age, sex, physical activity, education, smoking and BMI. Results After adjustment, higher diet quality was associated with more alpha diversity and explained part of the variation in beta diversity (P &lt; 0.001). Overall diet quality was associated with relative abundance of four families (Erysipelotrichaceae, Ruminococcaceae, Lachnospiraceae, Christensenellaceae), and 15 genera (Torques group, RuminococcaceaeUCG002, RuminococcaceaeUCG003, RuminococcaceaeUCG005, RuminococcaceaeUCG010, Xylanophilum group, Blautia, RuminococcaceaeNK4A214 group, Eligens group, Coprococcus3, Senegalimassilia, Lachnospira, Halliigroup, ChristensenellaceaeR7 group, Ventriosum group) (adjusted p: q &lt; 0.05). Results were not explained by any single food group. Higher intake of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and tea, and lower intake of red meat and alcohol were all related to microbiome composition. Replication analyses are ongoing. Conclusions Better overall diet quality may improve overall gut microbial diversity. Furthermore, diet quality may influence abundance of certain gut microbial communities, several of which have previously been linked to lower risk of metabolic and inflammatory diseases. Funding Sources N/A.

scholarly journals Gut microbiome is affected by gut region but robust to host physiological changes in captive active-season ground squirrels

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirsten Grond ◽  
Courtney C. Kurtz ◽  
Jasmine Hatton ◽  
Michelle M. Sonsalla ◽  
Khrystyne N. Duddleston
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Alpha Diversity ◽  
Ground Squirrels ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Active Season ◽  
Network Analyses ◽  
Microbial Function ◽  
Transient Nature ◽  
Microbiome Diversity

Abstract Background Thirteen-lined ground squirrels (Ictidomys tridecemlineatus) are obligate hibernators and are only active 4–5 months annually. During this period, squirrels rapidly acquire fat for use during hibernation. We investigated how the gut microbiome changed over the active season in the mucosa and lumen of two gut sections: the cecum and ileum. We sequenced the 16S rRNA gene to assess diversity and composition of the squirrel gut microbiome and used differential abundance and network analyses to identify relationships among gut sections. Results Microbial composition significantly differed between the cecum and ileum, and within the ileum between the mucosa and lumen. Cecum mucosa and lumen samples did not differ in alpha diversity and composition, and clustered by individual squirrel. Ileum mucosa and lumen samples differed in community composition, which can likely be attributed to the transient nature of food-associated bacteria in the lumen. We did not detect a shift in microbiome diversity and overall composition over the duration of the active season, indicating that the squirrel microbiome may be relatively robust to changes in physiology. Conclusions Overall, we found that the 13-lined ground squirrel microbiome is shaped by microenvironment during the active season. Our results provide baseline data for new avenues of research, such as investigating potential differences in microbial function among these physiologically unique gut environments.

scholarly journals Postoperative Complications Are Associated with Long-Term Changes in the Gut Microbiota Following Colorectal Cancer Surgery

Life ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 246
Author(s):  
Felix C.F. Schmitt ◽  
Martin Schneider ◽  
William Mathejczyk ◽  
Markus A. Weigand ◽  
Jane C. Figueiredo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Postoperative Complications ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Tumor Resection ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Surgery ◽  
Long Term Changes ◽  
Stool Samples

Changes in the gut microbiome have already been associated with postoperative complications in major abdominal surgery. However, it is still unclear whether these changes are transient or a long-lasting effect. Therefore, the aim of this prospective clinical pilot study was to examine long-term changes in the gut microbiota and to correlate these changes with the clinical course of the patient. Methods: In total, stool samples of 62 newly diagnosed colorectal cancer patients undergoing primary tumor resection were analyzed by 16S-rDNA next-generation sequencing. Stool samples were collected preoperatively in order to determine the gut microbiome at baseline as well as at 6, 12, and 24 months thereafter to observe longitudinal changes. Postoperatively, the study patients were separated into two groups—patients who suffered from postoperative complications (n = 30) and those without complication (n = 32). Patients with postoperative complications showed a significantly stronger reduction in the alpha diversity starting 6 months after operation, which does not resolve, even after 24 months. The structure of the microbiome was also significantly altered from baseline at six-month follow-up in patients with complications (p = 0.006). This was associated with a long-lasting decrease of a large number of species in the gut microbiota indicating an impact in the commensal microbiota and a long-lasting increase of Fusobacterium ulcerans. The microbial composition of the gut microbiome shows significant changes in patients with postoperative complications up to 24 months after surgery.

scholarly journals Taxonomic signatures of cause-specific mortality risk in human gut microbiome

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaro Salosensaari ◽  
Ville Laitinen ◽  
Aki S. Havulinna ◽  
Guillaume Meric ◽  
Susan Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Human Gut ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Microbiome Composition ◽  
Human Gut Microbiome ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Sequencing Technologies

AbstractThe collection of fecal material and developments in sequencing technologies have enabled standardised and non-invasive gut microbiome profiling. Microbiome composition from several large cohorts have been cross-sectionally linked to various lifestyle factors and diseases. In spite of these advances, prospective associations between microbiome composition and health have remained uncharacterised due to the lack of sufficiently large and representative population cohorts with comprehensive follow-up data. Here, we analyse the long-term association between gut microbiome variation and mortality in a well-phenotyped and representative population cohort from Finland (n = 7211). We report robust taxonomic and functional microbiome signatures related to the Enterobacteriaceae family that are associated with mortality risk during a 15-year follow-up. Our results extend previous cross-sectional studies, and help to establish the basis for examining long-term associations between human gut microbiome composition, incident outcomes, and general health status.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document