Association of Dietary Inflammatory Index(DII) and Metabolic Syndrome in the Elderly over 55 years in Northern China

Abstract We assessed the association between the Dietary inflammatory index (DII) and the development of metabolic syndrome in the elderly over 55 years in Northern China. The data of 1936 Chinese adults aged 55 and over from a community-based neurological disease cohort study from 2018 to 2019 were analyzed. Multiple logistic regression and restricted cubic splines regression were used for analysis, and social demographics, lifestyle, health-related factors were adjusted. In the fully adjusted model, the risk of metabolic syndrome increased by 1.28-fold in people with a pro-inflammatory diet. When we divide the metabolic syndrome by its components, high pro-inflammatory diet and hyperglycemia, triglycerides, hypertension, and abdominal obesity. We failed to observe a significant association between a high pro-inflammatory diet and HDL-C; However, these associations are moving in the expected direction. At the same time, the results of BMI subgroup analysis showed that with the increase of DII, obese people are at increased risk of metabolic syndrome, hyperglycemia, high triglycerides, hypertension, and abdominal obesity. Also in overweight people, the increase in DII is accompanied by an increased risk of hyperglycemia and abdominal obesity. Higher inflammatory diet is related to metabolic syndrome, hypertension, hyperglycemia, abdominal obesity, and hypertriglyceridemia. Further research is needed to confirm the role of inflammation and diet in the development of metabolic syndrome; however, it is desirable to reduce the dietary components associated with inflammation.

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Dietary Inflammatory Index and metabolic syndrome in Mexican adult population

American Journal of Clinical Nutrition ◽

10.1093/ajcn/nqaa135 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 112 (2) ◽

pp. 373-380 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Francisco Canto-Osorio ◽

Edgar Denova-Gutierrez ◽

Luz M Sánchez-Romero ◽

Jorge Salmerón ◽

Tonatiuh Barrientos-Gutierrez

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Abdominal Obesity ◽

Proportional Hazards ◽

Health Workers ◽

Adult Population ◽

Cox Proportional Hazards ◽

Low Grade ◽

Dietary Inflammatory Index ◽

Inflammatory Index ◽

The Metabolic Syndrome

ABSTRACT Background Evidence suggests low-grade inflammation as the cause of metabolic syndrome and suggests diet as a promoter of chronic inflammation. Objective We evaluated the association between inflammatory diets and the development of metabolic syndrome in Mexican adults. Methods A total of 399 participants of the Health Workers Cohort Study were included in this study. The follow-up period was 13 y. Metabolic syndrome definition was the presence of ≥3 of the following components: waist circumference ≥102 cm for males or ≥88 cm for females, blood pressure ≥130 mmHg for systolic or ≥85 mmHg for diastolic, HDL cholesterol <40 mg/dL for males and <50 mg/dL for females; triglycerides ≥150 mg/dL, and glucose ≥100 mg/dL. To evaluate the inflammatory potential of the diet we used the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII), which was divided into quartiles. To assess the risk of metabolic syndrome we estimated HRs and 95% CIs using Cox proportional hazards models. Results After adjustment for potential confounders, we found a positive association between participants in the highest quartile (Q) of DII and the incidence of metabolic syndrome (HRQ4vsQ1 = 1.99; 95% CI: 1.03, 3.85; P-trend = 0.04) over a period of 13 y. When we divided the metabolic syndrome by its components, we found that participants in the highest quartile of DII were associated with hypertriglyceridemia (HRQ4vsQ1 = 2.28; 95% CI: 1.13, 4.57; P-trend = 0.01), hypertension (HRQ4vsQ1 = 2.22; 95% CI: 1.03, 4.77; P-trend = 0.032), and abdominal obesity (HRQ4vsQ1 = 2.68; 95% CI: 1.06, 6.79; P-trend = 0.02). Conclusions A highly inflammatory diet is associated with metabolic syndrome, hypertension, abdominal obesity, and hypertriglyceridemia. Further studies are needed to corroborate the role of inflammation and diet in the development of metabolic syndrome; yet, a reduction in dietary components that have been linked to inflammation is desirable.

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Inflammation, obesity and comorbidities: the role of diet

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980007000663 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 10 (10A) ◽

pp. 1164-1172 ◽

Cited By ~ 117

Author(s):

Mónica Bulló ◽

Patricia Casas-Agustench ◽

Pilar Amigó-Correig ◽

Javier Aranceta ◽

Jordi Salas-Salvadó

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Virgin Olive Oil ◽

Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Factor Vii ◽

Processed Meat ◽

Obese People ◽

Metabolic Complications ◽

The Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Increased Risk

AbstractThe adipocyte metabolism has been shown to change during the fat enlargement process associated to obesity. Several procoagulant proteins such as plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1, tissue factor or factor VII and also inducible nitric oxide synthase show higher expression in adipose tissue of obese people in comparison to lean. This overexpression could explain at least a part of the atherogenic and cardiovascular risk associated with obesity.In addition to cytokine secretion, many other features have been observed to be common to adipocyte and monocyte/macrophage lines: for example, phagocytic and microbicidal activities, and possibly a cellular plasticity of adipose precursors.Overweight and obesity are associated with an increased risk of such metabolic abnormalities as dyslipidemia, hypertension or type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases, common features of the metabolic syndrome. Initially, insulin resistance or hyperinsulinemia was suggested as the origin of these abnormalities. More recent studies indicate that adipokynes have an important role in obesity-associated metabolic complications, and suggest that chronically elevated local or systemic concentrations of adipokynes contribute to the development of complications associated with obesity and metabolic syndrome.Considering all the evidence relating to diet and inflammation, the best diet for protecting against the metabolic derangements associated with obesity and metabolic syndrome would be high in fibre-rich cereals, fruit, vegetables, fish, virgin olive oil and nuts; moderate in wine; and low in meat, processed meat foods and trans-fatty acids.

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Metabolic syndrome: what is it and what are the implications?

Proceedings of The Nutrition Society ◽

10.1079/pns2005442 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 64 (3) ◽

pp. 349-357 ◽

Cited By ~ 71

Author(s):

D. I. Shaw ◽

W. L. Hall ◽

C. M. Williams

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Abdominal Obesity ◽

Vascular Function ◽

Hdl Cholesterol ◽

The Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Obesity And Overweight ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Diet And Exercise

Obesity and overweight are linked with a cluster of metabolic and vascular disorders that have been termed the metabolic syndrome. Although there is not yet a universally-accepted set of diagnostic criteria, most expert groups agree that the syndrome is characterised by impaired insulin sensitivity and hyperglycaemia, dyslipidaemia (elevated blood triacyglycerols with depressed HDL-cholesterol), abdominal obesity and hypertension. Based on existing published criteria estimates suggest that the syndrome affects a substantial percentage of the middle-aged and elderly populations of most European countries (10–20%) and confers increased risk of type 2 diabetes (2–8.8-fold) and CVD (1.5–6-fold), as well as having a marked effect on morbidity. Although the pathophysiology is incompletely understood, insulin resistance and abdominal obesity are central to subsequent abnormalities in circulating glucose and lipoproteins, and vascular function that lead to type 2 diabetes, atherosclerosis and CVD. The link between metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes and CVD, as well as inability to reverse the present rising rates of obesity, will lead to economically-unsustainable costs of health care in the next 10–20 years. Preventative strategies for metabolic syndrome are required to slow rates of progression and to reduce dependence on costly medical management. A notable development is recent evidence that shows that diet and exercise are more effective than drug treatment in preventing the development of type-2 diabetes in high-risk individuals. The LIPGENE project will investigate dietary fat quality as a strategy for the prevention of metabolic syndrome and identify food chain approaches that can support consumer attempts to alter their dietary patterns.

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Minireview: Obesity and Breast Cancer: A Tale of Inflammation and Dysregulated Metabolism

Molecular Endocrinology ◽

10.1210/me.2013-1011 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 27 (5) ◽

pp. 715-725 ◽

Cited By ~ 51

Author(s):

Evan R. Simpson ◽

Kristy A. Brown

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Postmenopausal Breast Cancer ◽

Breast Tumors ◽

The Other ◽

Cellular Mechanisms ◽

Related Factors ◽

The Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Increased Risk ◽

The One

Abstract In addition to the spectrum of conditions known collectively as the Metabolic Syndrome, obesity is now recognized to be associated with increased risk of several cancers including colon, endometrial, and breast cancer. Obesity and carcinogenesis share 2 characteristics in common. On the one hand, they involve inflammatory pathways, and on the other hand, they involve dysregulated metabolism. In this review we focus on postmenopausal breast cancer and discuss the metabolic and cellular mechanisms whereby obesity and breast cancer are related. Because a majority of postmenopausal breast tumors are estrogen responsive, we include a discussion of the action of obesity-related factors on estrogen formation within the breast.

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Is there a relationship between the dietary inflammatory index and metabolic syndrome among adolescents?

Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism ◽

10.1515/jpem-2019-0409 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 33 (4) ◽

pp. 495-502

Author(s):

Nilgun Seremet Kurklu ◽

Nimet Karatas Torun ◽

Ikbal Ozen Kucukcetin ◽

Aslı Akyol

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Dietary Inflammatory Index ◽

Inflammation Markers ◽

Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽

Inflammatory Index ◽

Inflammatory Score ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Tnf Α ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Metabolic Syndrome Components

AbstractBackgroundDietary patterns have a crucial role in modulating chronic inflammation. This study aimed to determine the relationship between the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) and inflammation markers and metabolic syndrome components in adolescents (n = 343).MethodsFasting glucose, fasting insulin and lipid profile were analyzed and blood pressures were measured. Analysis of inflammation markers such as sedimentation, leukocyte, C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) was also performed. The DII scores were calculated based on the adolescent’s 3-day food consumption records.ResultsThe dietary inflammatory score varied between 1.04 and 5.11 (3.6 ± 0.82). There was no significant difference in leukocyte and CRP levels between quartiles (p > 0.05). Those in the fourth quartile were observed to have higher levels of TNF-α and IL-6 compared to the others (p < 0.05). In the multiple regression analysis, a positive correlation existed only between IL-6 and DII, independent of other inflammatory markers (β = 0.272; p < 0.05). The DII was associated with glucose intolerance (odds ratio [OR] for DII quartile 4 compared to 1 = 3.5, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.2–10.4) and dyslipidemia (OR for DII quartile 4 compared to 1 = 5.3, 95% CI = 1.7–16.8).ConclusionsThese data suggest that a higher DII score was significantly associated with an increased risk of metabolic syndrome and some metabolic syndrome components in adolescents. Hence, DII can be used to determine the inflammatory potential of a diet and a healthy diet with anti-inflammatory properties that may be conducive to the prevention of metabolic disorders.

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Frequency of Metabolic Syndrome in Male Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction

TAJ Journal of Teachers Association ◽

10.3329/taj.v27i1.37616 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 27 (1) ◽

pp. 57-61

Author(s):

MMR Khan ◽

NK Sana ◽

PM Basak ◽

BC Sarker ◽

M Akhtarul Islam ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Myocardial Infarction ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽

Abdominal Obesity ◽

Premature Death ◽

Age Group ◽

Medical College ◽

The Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Male Patients

Background: Acute myocardial infarction is the most common form of coronary heart disease and the single most important cause of premature death worldwide. A large proportion of patients with coronary disease have metabolic syndrome, although the frequency and association of its different components are not well understood. The risk of the metabolic syndrome on AMI has not been well evaluated.Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome and its association with AMI patients. This study will help in awareness building in reducing AMI by early detection of metabolic syndrome.Patients and methods: This was a prospective observational study consisted of 222 persons of male AMI patients who were aged >20 years. Patients with first time AMI arriving in CCU of Rajshahi medical college during the period of 2012-2014, were included. Data were collected through interview, clinical examination, and laboratory tests. Five components of metabolic syndrome were defined according to criteria set by modified NCEP ATP III (according to ethnic variation) which had abdominal obesity (waist circumference), FBS, HDL-C, Triglyceride, and hypertension were measured within 24 hrs of AMI.Results: A total of 222 patients diagnosed with AMI were inducted in the study. The mean±SD age of the male was 53.51±11.63 years. Among the male patients highest percentage was in the age group 51-60 years (31.1%) followed by 41-50 years (27%) and then age group >60 (24.3%). Study showed that acute Myocardial infarction patients was more in age group >40 years of age. Highest percentage was observed in abdominal obesity (52.3%) followed by high blood pressure (50.0%) and FPG (46.4%). The Metabolic syndrome was 37.4 % (n=83).Conclusion: The metabolic syndrome was associated with an increased risk of AMI. The metabolic syndrome had a high prevalence in patients with AMI.TAJ 2014; 27(1): 57-61

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AB0871 OSTEOARTHRITIS IN OBESE PATIENTS

Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases ◽

10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.3910 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽

pp. 1741.1-1742

Author(s):

S. Lapshina ◽

L. Feiskhanova ◽

A. Nurmieva ◽

K. Sadriev

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Body Weight ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Knee Joints ◽

Excess Body Weight ◽

Obese Patients ◽

Obese People ◽

X Ray ◽

The Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Increased Risk

Background:Obesity is a recognized risk factor for osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee joints, which is associated with increased biomechanical stress. However, the association of OA with metabolic syndrome is more multifaceted, since overweight and obese people have a similar increased risk of OA of the hand joints that do not carry weight, due to systemic factors.Objectives:To identify the features of the course of OA in overweight patients.Methods:52 patients with an established diagnosis of osteoarthritis were examined: women - 84.6%, men - 15.4%, average age - 60.9 ± 8.9 years (32 to 78 years). Clinical examination, calculation of body mass index (BMI), determination of the X-ray stage of OA according to the Kellgren and Lawrence system; ultrasound examination of the knee joints; assessment of the severity of pain according to visual analog scale (VAS); the index WOMAC was used to evaluate pain, stiffness and physical function. We evaluated the quality of life by EQ-5D.Results:The duration of OA was 8.75 [2.58; 26] years. The distribution of patients according to the X-ray stage of OA: I - 9.6%, II - 57.6%, III - 26.9%, IV - 5.9% of patients. The BMI range was from 21 to 43 kg/. A BMI up to 30 kg/ was found in 22 patients: 17.3% - normal weight, 25% - excess body weight. Thirty patients has BMI more than 30 kg/: I degree - 38.4%, II degree - 15.3%, III degree - 4%. Obese patients rated pain according to the VAS scale of 1.3 the score is more intensively than patients with a BMI <30 kg/m2(p <0.001). A detailed examination of each subsequent degree of obesity revealed a tendency to reduce the pain syndrome from 7.52 points at 1 degree of obesity to 5 points at 3 degrees of obesity (p <0.001). With increasing body weight, there was an increase in difficulties in daily activities according to the WOMAC (p <0.05). Reactive knee synovitis was detected in 25 (48%) patients. The incidence of synovitis in patients with a BMI <30 kg / m2is 27%, with a BMI> 30 kg / m2is 68%. Patients with obesity of 1stdegree had synovitis in 65%, 2nddegree - 75%, 3rddegree - 84% of cases (p <0.05). A high correlation between the x-ray stage of OA and BMI (r = 0.74; p <0.001) was revealed. According to the EQ-5D questionnaire, patients with the 1stdegree of obesity (2.31 ± 1.3) were very anxious, but the level of anxiety decreases in patients with 3rddegree of obesity (1.44 ± 0.9) and it’s equal to that in individuals with normal body weight (1.33 ± 0.8).Conclusion:The existence of obesity in patients with OA is associated with an increase in pain, a significant decrease in functional ability, a presence of reactive synovitis of the knee joints, aggravation of the X-ray stage of OA, and the appearance of anxiety and depression. However, with the further progression of obesity, the levels of anxiety for one’s condition decrease.References:[1]Felson DT, Zhang Y, Hannan MT et al. Risk factors for incident radiographic knee osteoarthritis in the elderly: the Framingham study. Arthritis Rheum. 1997; 40: 728–733.[2]Huffman KM. Osteoarthritis and the metabolic syndrome: more evidence that the etiology of OA is different in men and women. 2012; 20 (7): 603–604.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

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Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in never treated mood disordered patientss

Clinical & Investigative Medicine ◽

10.25011/cim.v30i4.2875 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 30 (4) ◽

pp. 95

Author(s):

Valerie Taylor ◽

Glenda M. MacQueen

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Mood Disorders ◽

Population Attributable Risk ◽

Disease Process ◽

Visceral Obesity ◽

Premature Mortality ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

The Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Bipolar Patients

Bipolar disorder and major depression are life-shortening illnesses. Unnatural causes such as suicide and accidents account for only a portion of this premature mortality1 Research is beginning to identify that mood disordered patients have a higher incidence of metabolic syndrome, an illness characterized by dyslipidemia, impaired glucose tolerance, hypertension and obesity.2 Metabolic syndrome is associated with an increased risk for a variety of physical illnesses. Hypothesis: Never treated patients with mood disorders have preexisting elevations in the prevalence of the component variables of metabolic syndrome. Central obesity will be especially elevated, predicting increased premature mortality. Methods: We assessed never treated patients with mood disorders for metabolic syndrome and its component variables. Patients were assessed at baseline and followed up at 6-month intervals. All psychiatric pharmacotherapy was documented. Body mass index (BMI) was also obtained and the percentage of deaths attributable to overweight and obesity was calculated using the population attributable risk (PAR). [PAR= ∑[P (RR-1)/RR] Results: Prior to the initiation of treatment, patients did not differ from population norms with respect to metabolic syndrome or BMI. At 2-year follow-up, BMI had increased for unipolar patients 2.02 points and 1.92 points for bipolar patients. (p < .001) This increase in BMI predicted an increase in mortality of 19.4%. Conclusion: An increase in visceral obesity is often the first component of metabolic syndrome to appear and may indicate the initiation of this disease process prematurely in this group. The increase in BMI places patients with mood disorders at risk for premature mortality and indicates a need for early intervention. References 1.Osby U, Brandt L, Correia N, Ekbom A & Sparen P. Excess mortability in bipolar and Unipolar disorder rin Sweden. Archives of General Psychiatry, 2001;58: 844-850 2.Toalson P, Saeeduddin A, Hardy T & Kabinoff G. The metabolic syndrome in patients with severe mental illness. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 2004; 6(4): 152-158

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Study Upon the Serum Level of Uric Acid and the Metabolic Syndrome Components

Revista de Chimie ◽

10.37358/rc.19.3.7064 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 70 (3) ◽

pp. 1062-1066

Author(s):

Maria Rada ◽

Delia Berceanu-Vaduva ◽

Milan Velimirovici ◽

Simona Dragan ◽

Daniel Duda-Seiman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Uric Acid ◽

Serum Level ◽

Abdominal Obesity ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Mean Value ◽

The Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Direct Association ◽

Metabolic Syndrome Components

The serum level of uric acid (UA) appears to be associated with a variety of cardiometabolic risk factors; however, direct association with the metabolic syndrome (MetS) remains controversial. The aim of this study is to investigate the association between serum levels of UA and the components that define MetS, differentiated by gender. 262 patients were enrolled (132 women and 130 men); mean value of the age: 58.7�16 year. Hyperuricemia was considered when the level of serum UA �7mg/dL in men, and � 6mg/dL in women; MetS was defined according to the IDF criteria. The prevalence of MetS in the studied group was 35.11% and the prevalence of hyperuricemia was 16.79%. Men with hyperuricemia had the highest prevalence of abdominal obesity (87.5% vs. 66.32%, p [0.001) and hypertriglyceridemia (65.62% vs. 45.91%, p [ 0.001) versus men with normal level of serum UA. Women with hyperuricemia also had a significantly higher incidence of abdominal obesity (75% vs. 57.51%, p [0.001), hypertriglyceridemia (58.33% vs. 38.33%, p [0.001), decreased HDL (50% vs. 33.33%, p [0.001) and hyperglycemia (66.66% versus 50%, p [0.001) compared to those with normal levels of serum UA. The majority of men with hyperuricemia have more than 4 of the MetS components. Hyperuricemia had a higher prevalence in patients with MetS, it may be considered as a causal factor of MetS. Elevated levels of serum uric acid were significantly more associated with the increasing number of MetS components. Early detection and treatment of hyperuricemia is essential for preventing the metabolic syndrome and its complications.

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Metabolic Syndrome During Menopause

Current Vascular Pharmacology ◽

10.2174/1570161116666180904094149 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 17 (6) ◽

pp. 595-603 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Sezcan Mumusoglu ◽

Bulent Okan Yildiz

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Central Obesity ◽

Polycystic Ovary ◽

Ovary Syndrome ◽

Natural Menopause ◽

The Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Aging Women

The metabolic syndrome (MetS) comprises individual components including central obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidaemia and hypertension and it is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The menopause per se increases the incidence of MetS in aging women. The effect(s) of menopause on individual components of MetS include: i) increasing central obesity with changes in the fat tissue distribution, ii) potential increase in insulin resistance, iii) changes in serum lipid concentrations, which seem to be associated with increasing weight rather than menopause itself, and, iv) an association between menopause and hypertension, although available data are inconclusive. With regard to the consequences of MetS during menopause, there is no consistent data supporting a causal relationship between menopause and CVD. However, concomitant MetS during menopause appears to increase the risk of CVD. Furthermore, despite the data supporting the association between early menopause and increased risk of T2DM, the association between natural menopause itself and risk of T2DM is not evident. However, the presence and the severity of MetS appears to be associated with an increased risk of T2DM. Although the mechanism is not clear, surgical menopause is strongly linked with a higher incidence of MetS. Interestingly, women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have an increased risk of MetS during their reproductive years; however, with menopausal transition, the risk of MetS becomes similar to that of non-PCOS women.

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