On the Valuation of Benefits Dependent upon Promotion to a Higher Status

1914 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 217-261
Author(s):  
Ernest C. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Joint Attention ◽  
Public Service ◽  
Average Rate ◽  
Interesting Problem ◽  
Length Of Service ◽  
Compound Interest ◽  
Vague Statement ◽  
Made In

The suggestion has been made to me by Mr. George King, to write a paper upon an interesting problem which recently occupied our joint attention.A brief statement of the case is as follows :In a great public service there are certain well-defined ranks, the upper ones of which are exclusively recruited by promotion from the lower ones. There are limiting ages of retirement in each rank, and in the event of an officer reaching the fixed age without being promoted he is retired on a pension. The scale of pension depends mainly on length of service, varying of course with each rank, and, as the majority enter in the lowest rank between comparatively narrow limits of age, it is sufficient to deduce an average rate of pension at each age in the various ranks. The problem is to find what amount of annual contribution, uniform throughout future service, should be made in respect of each officer now in the service, of whatever age or rank, in order to provide for the ultimate charge for pensions.In the particular case presented there were six ranks to be dealt with, and it was understood that the calculations were to be made at 3 per-cent compound interest. I trust I may be excused for this vague statement of the case, but I could hardly be more explicit without being too definite. I shall refer to these ranks throughout as first, second, third ranks, &c., where the first is understood to mean the highest.

Comparable Worth: The Problematic Politicization of a Public Personnel Issue

1987 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brent S. Steel ◽  
Nicholas P. Lovrich
Keyword(s):  
State Government ◽  
Public Service ◽  
Washington State ◽  
Comparable Worth ◽  
Employee Behavior ◽  
Pay Equity ◽  
Equity Issue ◽  
The Public ◽  
Federal Workforce ◽  
Made In

The issue of comparable worth arose as a result of the discovery of serious gender inequities in the operation of the compensation system of Washington State government. Subsequent developments elsewhere have further added to the salience of the pay equity issue. In the context of this highly charged political context, what attitudes toward pay and compensation do women in the public service tend to hold? On the basis of employee surveys conducted in both the State of Washington and among the U.S. federal workforce, findings are reported that suggest that women are less likely to be dissatisfied with their pay than men. The implications of these findings are discussed, both with respect to the future politicization of the comparable worth issue and the proper assumptions to be made in conceptualizing the motivational basis of public employee behavior.

scholarly journals Professionalization and Innovations in Nigerian Public Service: How far the Dream of Success?

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 104
Author(s):  
Salami Issa Afegbua
Keyword(s):  
Public Service ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Civil Service ◽  
The State ◽  
First Century ◽  
The Public ◽  
Effectiveness And Efficiency ◽  
Twenty First Century ◽  
Made In

Public service accounts for a substantial share of a country’s economic activity. It is designed as an agent of fruitful change and development in the state. The transformation of any society or system depends on the effectiveness and efficiency of its civil service. The article examines the nature of professionalization and innovation in Nigerian public service. It argues that professionalization in the public service is an overarching value that determines how its activities will be carried out. The article note that various attempts have been made in Nigeria to professionalised and encourage innovation in the public service, but these have not bring about the expected changes in the public service. It therefore advocates for professionalization and innovations as panacea to the ills of public service in Nigeria. The article concludes that no public service can meet the challenges of the twenty first century without a stronger commitment to the professionalization of its workforce.

scholarly journals IMPROVING THE EFFICIENCY OF CANADA’S PUBLIC SERVICE

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 67-73
Author(s):  
Наталья Касаткина ◽  
Natalya Kasatkina
Keyword(s):  
Public Service ◽  
Civil Service ◽  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Public Servants ◽  
The Public ◽  
Level Of Training ◽  
Resources Planning ◽  
Made In

Improving the efficiency of public service is an important area for overcoming the crisis in relations between the state, society and a citizen. Modernization of civil service of Canada is carried out in a number of ways. Changes were made in a recruitment order for civil service by means of expansion of the powers of persons competent to solve these issues in ministries and government departments. One of the directions for improving the quality of the civil service was an increase in the level of training of public servants. Coordination of the educational process in various government departments is carried out by the Canadian School of Public Service. The system of human resources planning has been introduced. The quality of public services provided is improved with help of timely providing them in compliance with all requirements of a particular government department, and taking into account the rights of citizens by achieving a balance between the services provided and the money spent for this purpose and regular monitoring and evaluation of the dynamics of the providing process of services. One of the areas of modernization of the public service is the introduction of strict control over of public servants’ ethical standards. Actions that lead to a conflict of interest are legislatively prohibited. Strict bans in Canada are implied regarding the employment of persons who replace public office after the end of their career. As a result of the measures taken to fight corruption, including a sphere that is largely susceptible to corruption risks, Canada is among top ten countries with the least corruption. Achievement of positive results in the activities of civil servants became possible due to the state’s special attention to the issues of its modernization.

The Dynamics of Failing Service Delivery in Nigeria and Ghana

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary S Mangai
Keyword(s):  
Service Delivery ◽  
Public Service ◽  
Public Services ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Government Performance ◽  
Public Service Delivery ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Donor Agencies ◽  
Made In

This article compares the quality of service delivery in Nigeria and Ghana in the areas of healthcare, food provision and access to clean water and sanitation. Its first finding is that public service delivery in the two countries has been perceived as inadequate and deteriorating for over a decade. Therefore, this paper concludes that Nigeria and Ghana are lagging behind in the provision of basic public services for their citizens and need to re-orient their service delivery. Governments in sub-Saharan countries are working with donor agencies at the forefront of combating poverty through a number of interventions to improve the delivery of public services. Notwithstanding these good intentions, few results have been achieved so far, especially considering the massive investment made in attempts to reduce poverty in this region. The outcomes of this research suggest a strong relationship between household satisfaction and problems experienced in service delivery in these areas. They also show that satisfaction with public service delivery involves more than government performance. Political, geographical and demographic factors are also important predictors.

scholarly journals INOVASI KUALITAS PELAYANAN PUBLIK PEMERINTAH DAERAH

FIAT JUSTISIA ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Robi Cahyadi Kurniawan
Keyword(s):  
Public Service ◽  
Public Services ◽  
Service Innovation ◽  
Administrative Reform ◽  
Reform Policy ◽  
Creative Idea ◽  
Bureaucratic Reform ◽  
Local Levels ◽  
Made In

AbstractPublic service is a measure of the performance of the government's most visible. Communities can directly assess the government's performance based on the service they received. For the quality of public services in all ministries / institutions is a fundamental thing that must be improved. Improved public services, the Ministry of Administrative Reform and Bureaucratic Reform policy that since 2014 was a year of public service innovation. All government agencies, both at central and local levels is expected to make a creative idea or an answer to how to work / public service method. Ministry of Administrative Reform and Bureaucratic Reform collect and assess the innovations that have been made in a number of agencies across Indonesia. Hopefully the quality and innovation of public services BPS can always be increased, so that it can continue to compete fairly with other agencies. Keywords: Innovation, Public Services, Local Government AbstrakPelayanan publik merupakan suatu tolok ukur kinerja pemerintah yang paling kasat mata. Masyarakat dapat menilai langsung kinerja pemerintah berdasarkan pelayanan yang diterimanya. Untuk itu kualitas pelayanan publik di semua kementerian/lembaga adalah suatu hal yang mendasar yang harus segera ditingkatkan. Peningkatan pelayanan publik, Kementerian Pendayagunaan Aparatur Negara dan Reformasi Birokrasi (KemenPAN RB) menerapkan kebijakan bahwa sejak tahun 2014 adalah tahun inovasi pelayanan publik. Seluruh instansi pemerintah, baik di pusat maupun daerah diharapkan dapat membuat suatu ide kreatif atau jawaban terhadap cara kerja/metode pelayanan publik. KemenPAN RB mengumpulkan dan menilai inovasi-inovasi yang telah dilakukan di sejumlah instansi di seluruh Indonesia. Semoga kualitas dan inovasi pelayanan publik BPS dapat selalu meningkat, sehingga bisa terus bersaing secara sehat dengan instansi lain. Kata Kunci: Inovasi, Pelayanan Publik, Pemerintah Daerah

scholarly journals Volatility behavior of virtual currencies

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 537
Author(s):  
Jéssica Gonçalves Andrade ◽  
Nilson Brandalise
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Average Rate ◽  
Rate Of Return ◽  
Average Risk ◽  
Average Growth Rate ◽  
Average Growth ◽  
Volatility Analysis ◽  
One Year ◽  
Made In

In order to do a volatility analysis, since the exchange rate is higher than the average risk, the higher the average rate of return, the higher the average growth rate of the year. applied the method of data analysis. An attempt to volatility analysis can be made in one year, in the middle of the end of 2016.

scholarly journals REFORMASI BIROKRASI SUATU USAHA UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KUALITAS PELAYANAN PUBLIK

Humanus ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Achmad Namlis
Keyword(s):  
Public Service ◽  
Political Process ◽  
Mental Attitude ◽  
The Public ◽  
Implementing Change ◽  
The Reformation ◽  
Political Consensus ◽  
Public Bureaucracy ◽  
Conflicting Interests ◽  
Made In

The creation of bureaucratic rule through political process impacts the often conflicting interests. The difficulty of implementing change is probably because political consensus is not easily obtained. Regulations are often made in greater details expecting to regulate the behavior of organizations and bureaucracy. However, most regulations clash one another, so regulations are changed before it was even implemented, and the change is also in conflict with others. Changes are often difficult because the changing demand is not only for the rules, but also the bureaucracy that is closely related to mental attitude or the man behind the system. If the public bureaucracy in the public service is not qualified, bureaucracy will be abandoned by users (citizens), and it means it has failed the mission of providing services to the public. This is what happens in the Indonesia’s transition government entering the reformation era, therefore legislations need to be created in greater detail to regulate the behavior of organizations and government bureaucracy.Keywords: reformation, bureaucracy, public service

scholarly journals Selective prefrontal cortex responses to joint attention in early infancy

2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 540-543 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias Grossmann ◽  
Mark H. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Joint Attention ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Human Infant ◽  
Cultural Learning ◽  
Triadic Interactions ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Made In

The process by which two people share attention towards the same object or event is called joint attention. Joint attention and the underlying triadic representations between self, other person and object are thought to be unique to humans, supporting teaching, cooperation and language learning. Despite the progress that has been made in understanding the behavioural importance of joint attention during early social development, almost nothing is known about the brain substrate that supports joint attention in the developing infant. We examined responses in five-month-old infants' prefrontal cortex during triadic social interactions using near-infrared spectroscopy. The results demonstrate that, even by the age of five months, infants are sensitive to triadic interactions and, like adults, they recruit a specific brain region localized in left dorsal prefrontal cortex when engaged in joint attention with another person. This suggests that the human infant is neurobiologically prepared for sharing attention with other humans, which may provide the basis for a wide variety of uniquely human social and cultural learning processes.

A Chronological Problem Presented by Sandia Cave, New Mexico

1940 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 200-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wesley L. Bliss
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New Mexico ◽  
North America ◽  
The United States ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Ice Age ◽  
Interesting Problem ◽  
Glacial Deposits ◽  
Ground Sloth ◽  
Made In

Sandia Cave is located in an escarpment of Pennsylvania limestone in Ellis Canyon, thirty miles northeast of Albuquerque, New Mexico. It presents an interesting problem in regard to the time when man existed in North America contemporaneously with the horse (equus?), the ground sloth (nothrotherium), and other extinct Pleistocene forms. In the United States, discoveries of artifacts with extinct mammals do not show necessarily that man existed in the Pleistocene or ice age, but may indicate that the mammals have survived that period and become extinct in more recent times. The best criteria for dating would be collections made in the glaciated areas and associated with glacial deposits. However, this is not always possible, and other means must be sought. Dating can be done to some degree of accuracy by the interpretation of climatic conditions that existed at the time the deposits were laid down.

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