Field experiments on the magnesium requirement of potatoes in Great Britain

1962 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 281-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. J. Holmes
Keyword(s):  
Great Britain ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Magnesium Deficiency ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Normal Rate ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Main Crop ◽  
Very High

1. During the years 1954–57 thirty field experiments were carried out on the magnesium requirement of main crop potatoes; eighteen covered a range of typical potato soils while the remainder were sited on sands and loams. In nine of the experiments the effect of heavy applications of potash on magnesium requirements was also investigated.2. Magnesium application to the seed-bed as kieserite raised yield in four of the experiments; the largest yield increase was 2·15 ton/acre of tubers from 45·lb./acre of MgO. Apart from these four experiments there was also a small mean increase in yield over all the remaining sites.3. Application of a very high rate of potash depressed yield compared with a normal rate, but only in one experiment could this be attributed to induced magnesium deficiency, and there was no indication of such an effect in the average results.

Efficacy of entomopathogenic nematodes for the control of white grub, Anomala corpulenta Motschulsky, in laboratory and field

Nematology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 1111-1120
Author(s):  
Wenxiu Guo ◽  
Guoyu Zhao ◽  
Congli Wang ◽  
Xianhong Zhou ◽  
Yifan Zhai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Entomopathogenic Nematodes ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
High Rate ◽  
White Grub ◽  
White Grubs ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Peanut Production ◽  
Environmentally Friendly Method

Summary Anomala corpulenta is one of the major white grubs that cause serious damages in peanut production. To develop an environmentally friendly method to control A. corpulenta larvae, the efficacy of species of entomopathogenic nematodes (EPN), application rate and larval stage against A. corpulenta were determined. Results showed that Steinernema longicaudum X-7 and S. glaseri B-4-1 were the most virulent species, which caused 77.8 and 84.4% corrected mortalities of the 2nd instar larvae at 25°C 14 days after treatments. Corrected mortalities of A. corpulenta caused by EPN were significantly affected by EPN application rate. A decrease but no significant difference in susceptibility from the 2nd to the 3rd instar was observed for the test EPN species S. longicaudum, S. glaseri and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora. The field experiments indicated that S. longicaudum and S. glaseri applied at a relatively high rate (⩾5.0 × 103 infective juveniles (IJ) plant−1, i.e., 7.5 × 108 IJ ha−1) were able to provide not only control efficacy against A. corpulenta with ⩾92.7% reduction of larvae and ⩽5.06% of damaged pods, and the peanut yield increase was as good as phoxim, but also gave better control persistency compared to phoxim. Our findings indicated that EPN could be an effective strategy for the management of A. corpulenta in peanut fields.

Field experiments comparing ammonium nitrate and ammonium sulphate as top-dressings for winter wheat and grassland

1964 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 377-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Devine ◽  
M. R. J. Holmes
Keyword(s):  
Great Britain ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Ammonium Sulphate ◽  
Field Experiments

Ammonium nitrate and ammonium sulphate wore compared as top-dressing applications in thirty-six field experiments on winter wheat and eighty-nine on grassland in various parts of Great Britain in 1956-62. The rates of application were 35-60 lb./acre of nitrogen for winter wheat and 30-100 lb./acre for grassland in one application only.

scholarly journals Yield performance and stability of modern breeding stock of spring durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) from Russia and Kazakhstan

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 939-950 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. N. Mal’chikov ◽  
M. A. Rozova ◽  
A. I. Morgunov ◽  
M. G. Myasnikova ◽  
Yu. I. Zelensky
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Adaptive Responses ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Ecological Sites ◽  
Local Environments ◽  
Modern Breeding ◽  
Research Institute

Identifcation of adaptive responses of breeding material, developed in different breeding centers, helps to purposefully correct these traits where it is necessary. Thus, 42 modern breeding lines from eight institutions of Russia and Kazakhstan were studied in comparison with the historical standard Bezenchukskaya 139 in trails of 16-17 and 18 KASIB-SDW (Kazakhstan-Siberian net for wheat improvement, spring durum wheat) in 2015–2017. Field experiments and yield measurements in each ecological cite were similar. To solve these tasks of the experiment, two-factor ANOVA, methods for adaptability assessment cluster analysis and principle component method were applied. As a result, it was established that 1) genotype and genotype – environment interaction (overall 15.8–23.5 % of total dispersion) had signifcant effect on yield variability; 2) genotype – environment interactions were of linear nature and had no destabilizing effect; 3) all the genotypes tested can be distributed in three clusters, the frst one for locally adapted varieties, the third for varieties of a wide areal, the second included genotypes with intermediate characteristics; 4) breeding centers of the Federal Altai Scientifc Centre of Agro-Biotechnologies and of the Research Institute of Agriculture of South-East produced predominantly varieties of local importance, the Samara Research Institute of Agriculture – varieties of wide area; 5) a stable trend of increased mean yield compared to historical standard Bezenchukskaya 139 over ecological sites was observed only for Samara varieties; 6) varieties of all the breeding centers had no stable difference from Bezenchukskaya 139 concerning stability and responsiveness, which can be explained by an incomplete breeding process for these parameters and confrms the importance of the KASIB program; 7) a trend of yield increase compared to Bezenchukskaya 139 under testing in defnite local environments had more stable parameters with the largest progress observed in the Altai Research Institute of Agriculture (135.4 and 163.2 % to Bezenchukskaya 139), which can be explained by a high efciency of breeding of locally adapted varieties in the breeding center.

Biology, Management, and Protection of North American Sturgeon

2002 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Extinction Risk ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Shortnose Sturgeon ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Connecticut River ◽  
Acipenser Brevirostrum ◽  
Survival And Reproduction ◽  
Very High ◽  
Existing Data

<em>Abstract.</em>—The shortnose sturgeon, <em>Acipenser brevirostrum</em>, is a long-lived species that grows slowly, matures at an advanced age, and spawns only intermittently. In the Connecticut River, there are two distinct subpopulations of shortnose sturgeon, which have been separated by the Holyoke Dam for 157 years. My research addressed the viability and persistence for these two separate populations and the effects of dispersal, variation in survival and reproduction, and catastrophes. My risk-based approach used a stage-based metapopulation model that I constructed in RAMAS<sup>®</sup> GIS incorporating the available data. Based on the existing data, this population model for the shortnose sturgeon metapopulation in the Connecticut River made several predictions. The observed stability of the two subpopulations was possible either: with reproduction in both upper and lower subpopulations and small to moderate rates of dispersal between them; or with no reproduction in the lower subpopulation, very high reproduction in the upper subpopulation and high rate of net downstream dispersal. My results provided estimates of extinction risk for the shortnose sturgeon metapopulation under various management options and highlighted three key areas for future research, demonstrating the value of a risk-based approach. This approach is particularly useful for management of long-lived aquatic species.

Accelerated Erosion and Sedimentation in Southeast Asia

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avijit Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Sediment Yield ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Drainage Basin ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Sediment Yields ◽  
Erosion Rates ◽  
Sediment Transfer ◽  
Very High

Periodic attempts to plot global distribution of erosion and sedimentation usually attribute most of Southeast Asia with a very high sediment yield (Milliman and Meade 1983). The erosion rates and sediment yield figures are especially high for maritime Southeast Asia. Milliman and Syvitski (1992), for example, listed 3000 t km−2 yr−1 for the archipelagos and peninsulas of Southeast Asia. They provided a number of natural explanations for the high erosion rate: location near active plate margins, pyroclastic eruptions, steep slopes, and mass movements. This is also a region with considerable annual rainfall, a very substantial percentage of which tends to be concentrated in a few months and falls with high intensity. Part of Southeast Asia (the Philippines, Viet Nam, Timor) is visited by tropical cyclones with heavy, intense rainfall and possible associated wind damage to existing vegetation. The fans at the foot of slopes, the large volume of sediment stored in the channel and floodplain of the rivers, and the size of deltas all indicate a high rate of erosion and episodic sediment transfer. This episodic erosion and sediment transfer used to be controlled for most of the region by the thick cover of vegetation that once masked the slopes. When vegetation is removed soil and regolith de-structured, and natural slopes altered, the erosion rates and sediment yield reach high figures. Parts of Southeast Asia display striking anthropogenic alteration of the landscape, although the resulting accelerated erosion may be only temporary, operating on a scale of several years. Over time the affected zones shift, and slugs of sediment continue to arrive in a river but from different parts of its drainage basin. The combination of anthropogenic alteration and fragile landforms may give rise to very high local yields. Sediment yields of more than 15 000 t km−2 yr−1 have been estimated from such areas (Ruslan and Menam, cited in Lal 1987). This is undoubtedly towards the upper extreme, but current destruction of the vegetation cover due to deforestation, expansion of agriculture, mining, urbanization, and implementation of large-scale resettlement schemes has increased the sediment yield from < 102 to > 103 t km−2 yr−1.

Comorbidity of Bipolar and Substance Use Disorders

2020 ◽  
pp. 75-82
Author(s):  
Josh E. Becker ◽  
E. Sherwood Brown
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Treatment Adherence ◽  
Substance Use Disorder ◽  
Psychological Factors ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Special Treatment ◽  
Poor Treatment ◽  
Very High

Bipolar disorder and substance use disorder co-occur at very high rates. The high rate is likely due to a complex interaction of biological, social, and psychological factors, and some research suggests that use of substances may be to mitigate symptoms associated with bipolar disorder. Some studies have shown that men with bipolar disorder may be at a higher risk for a substance use disorder than women. The co-occurrence of these disorders leads to poorer treatment outcomes because of higher rates of suicidality, poor treatment adherence, lower quality of life, and more frequent relapse. This population deserves special treatment consideration.

Annual weed management in isoxaflutole-resistant soybean using a two-pass weed control strategy

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (03) ◽  
pp. 411-425
Author(s):  
Andrea Smith ◽  
Nader Soltani ◽  
Allan J. Kaastra ◽  
David C. Hooker ◽  
Darren E. Robinson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Annual Grass ◽  
Common Lambsquarters ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
The One ◽  
Herbicide Programs

AbstractTransgenic crops are being developed with herbicide resistance traits to expand innovative weed management solutions for crop producers. Soybean with traits that confer resistance to the hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase herbicide isoxaflutole is under development and will provide a novel herbicide mode of action for weed management in soybean. Ten field experiments were conducted over 2 years (2017 and 2018) on five soil textures with isoxaflutole-resistant soybean to evaluate annual weed control using one- and two-pass herbicide programs. The one-pass weed control programs included isoxaflutole plus metribuzin, applied PRE, at a low rate (52.5 + 210 g ai ha−1), medium rate (79 + 316 g ai ha−1), and high rate (105 + 420 g ai ha−1); and glyphosate applied early postemergence (EPOST) or late postemergence (LPOST). The two-pass weed control programs included isoxaflutole plus metribuzin, applied PRE, followed by glyphosate applied LPOST, and glyphosate applied EPOST followed by LPOST. At 4 weeks after the LPOST application, control of common lambsquarters, pigweed species, common ragweed, and velvetleaf was variable at 25% to 69%, 49% to 86%, and 71% to 95% at the low, medium, and high rates of isoxaflutole plus metribuzin, respectively. Isoxaflutole plus metribuzin at the low, medium, and high rates controlled grass species evaluated (i.e., barnyardgrass, foxtail, crabgrass, and witchgrass) 85% to 97%, 75% to 99%, and 86% to 100%, respectively. All two-pass weed management programs provided 98% to 100% control of all species. Weed control improved as the rate of isoxaflutole plus metribuzin increased. Two-pass programs provided excellent, full-season annual grass and broadleaf weed control in isoxaflutole-resistant soybean.

scholarly journals Analysis and Visualization of Data Assimilating Hive and COGNOS Insight 10.2.2

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2.6) ◽  
pp. 318
Author(s):  
Mandeep Virk ◽  
Vaishali Chauhan ◽  
Urvashi Mittal
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Huge Data ◽  
Suitable Form ◽  
Visualization Of Data ◽  
Very High

Data analysis is the most grueling tasks in the coinciding world. The size of data is increasing at a very high rate because of the procreation of peripatetic gadgets and sensors attached. To make that data readable is another challenging task. Effectual visualization provides users with better analysis capabilities and helps in deriving evidence about data. Many techniques and tools have been invented to deal with such problems but to make these tools amendable is the main mystification. It is the big data that originated as a technology which is proficient in assembling and transforming the colossal and divergent figures of data, providing organizations with meaningful insights for derivingimprovedresults. Big data is accustomed to delineate technologies and techniques which are used to store, manage, distribute and analyze huge data sheets. The existent of administrating this research is to make the data readable in a more suitable form with less comprehend. Mainly the research emphasizes on the fabrication of using COGNOS insight 10.2.2 for visualizing data and implementing the analyzed results derived from the hive. The assimilation between tools has also been reformed in this research. 

scholarly journals The competitiveness of Czech agrarian trade within the context of the global crisis

2013 ◽  
Vol 59 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 183-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Smutka ◽  
J. Burianová
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
World Trade ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Agricultural Trade ◽  
High Rate ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
The World ◽  
Territorial Structure ◽  
Merchandise Trade ◽  
Very High

World trade underwent a significant shock within the recent years, which caused a decline in the world economy primarily in the year 2009. Within the following years (2010 and 2011), the high rate of growth from the years preceding the crisis could not be restored. The crisis had an impact on all segments of the merchandise trade, whereby the trade in agricultural and food products was affected the least by the crisis. In the case of the Czech Republic, the crisis of the global and national economy was reflected in the case of agricultural trade primarily by the way of a decline in the rate of the growth of export, which was very high in the period prior to the crisis. As far as the territorial structure and commodity structure of agricultural trade is concerned, their development in the years 2008&ndash;2011 was not affected in any largely significant manner. In relation to the main objective of this article, which was to identify the effects of the crisis on the competitiveness of Czech agricultural trade, it may be stated that the crisis itself did not worsen the competitiveness of agricultural trade in any significant manner. &nbsp;

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