Management of Aries and Aruana Guinea grass cultivars under rotational stocking based on canopy light interception

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
F. P. Campos ◽  
P. Sarmento ◽  
W. T. Mattos ◽  
L. Gerdes ◽  
R. A. Carnevalli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Light Interception ◽  
Panicum Maximum ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Randomized Block Design

Abstract Efforts were made to obtain forage cultivars with high production capacity and quality and to determine the ideal time to start animal grazing, respecting the morphological characteristics of the grasses. For this purpose, the nutritional value, digestibility and characteristics of the forage canopy of Aries and Aruana (Megathyrsus maximus (Jacq.) or Panicum maximum) cultivars kept under rotational stocking with sheep were evaluated and the management height was determined based on 95% light interception (LI). The experiment was evaluated with repeated measures over time (grazing cycles by season, in 2 years) with a treatment factor (grass cultivar) in a completely randomized block design with eight replicates, using 800 m2 paddocks. The height of the forage canopy before grazing (pre-grazing) determined by 95% LI stabilized around 29 cm. The highest proportion of Aruana leaf blades was observed in winter. Aries grass presented similar leaf blade percentages in summer, autumn and spring. Similar forage accumulation (FA) was observed for both cultivars, decreasing in spring, autumn and winter. Higher crude protein and in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) were seen in Aries grass, while Aruana grass presented higher neutral and acid detergent fibre and cellulose and lower IVDMD. The nutritional quality of the grasses was maintained throughout the year. The height of the forage canopy of Aries and Aruana recommended for entry into the paddock is 29 cm to maintain nutritional quality. The successful management strategy adopted for grasses combined with nitrogen fertilization provided a greater forage mass quality.

scholarly journals Nutritional value of sorghum silages

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 137
Author(s):  
Marielly Maria Almeida Moura ◽  
Daniel Ananias de Assis Pires ◽  
Renê Ferreira Costa ◽  
Daniella Cangussú Tolentino ◽  
João Paulo Sampaio Rigueira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Nutritional Characteristics ◽  
High Participation ◽  
Sorghum Genotypes

 This study aimed to evaluate the nutritional characteristics and quality of silages of five sorghum genotypes, namely: Volumax, AG2005E, Qualimax, BRS610 and AG2501. The study was conducted at the Experimental Farm Unimontes, in the municipality of Janaúba, state of Minas Gerais. The treatments were distributed in a randomized block design with four replicates. Data were tested by analysis of variance andmeans were compared by Scott-Knott test at a significance level of 5%. The pH values ranged from 3.93 and 4.10. Genotypes differed in all studied nutritional characteristics (p < 0.05). For the acid detergent fiber, differences were detected between the genotypes, AG2501 (35.66%), Volumax (34.89%), AG2005E (34.53%), Qualimax (32.39%) and BRS610 (33.60%). The high participation of lignin was verifiedin all genotypes except for Volumax (4.14%). All silages were within the recommended range 50-65% for in vitro dry matter digestibility and classified as having good quality, however only the AG2005E genotype met nitrogen requirements for microbial fermentation, with 7.06% crude protein. 

scholarly journals In-vitro nutrient degradability of complete feed containing myristic acid and tannins addition

2022 ◽  
Vol 335 ◽  
pp. 00047
Author(s):  
Poespitasari Hazanah Ndaru ◽  
Siti Chuzaemi ◽  
Muhimmatu Mufidah
Keyword(s):  
Myristic Acid ◽  
Condensed Tannin ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Corn Straw ◽  
Leaf Meal ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Randomized Block Design

The purpose of this research was to determine the influence of Myristic acid and the source of condensed tannin on corn straw basedcomplete feed on nutrient content and in vitro digestibility. The method which was used in this experiment was randomized block design with four treatments and three replications. The treatment consisted of T0 complete feed (40% corn straw + 60% concentrate), T1 complete feed (40% corn straw + 60% concentrate + myristic acid 30 g/Kg DM), T2 complete feed (40% corn straw + 50% concentrate + calliandra leaf meal 10%/Kg DM and myristic acid 30 g/Kg DM), T3 complete feed (40% corn straw + 45% concentrate + calliandra leaf meal 15%/Kg DM and myristic acid 30 g/Kg DM), T4 (40% corn straw + 40% concentrate + calliandra leaf meal 20%/Kg DM and myristic acid 30 g/Kg DM). Based on the result, it could be concluded that calliandra leaf meal 15%/Kg DM + Myristic acid 30 g/Kg DM on the complete feed (T3) was the best treatment based on nutrient content and increase of dry matter digestibility, but not an effect of organic matter digestibility

scholarly journals Corn production for silage intercropped with forage in the farming-cattle breeding integration

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 738-745 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veridiana Z. de Mendonça ◽  
Luiz M. M. de Mello ◽  
Francisco C. B. L. Pereira ◽  
José O. da R. Silva ◽  
Élcio H. Yano
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Ground Cover ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Panicum Maximum ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Corn Production ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Matter Production

Corn cropping for silage, due to the plant material exportation, intercropping with forage provides greater ground cover and straw formation for the Direct Planting System (DPS) continuity. The objective of this study was to evaluate corn production for silage in DPS intercropped with four forages (Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu, U. ruziziensis cv. Ruziziensis, Panicum maximum cv. Tanzânia and P. maximum cv. Áries). We applied three sowing methods (in row together with corn fertilizer; by no-till sowing simultaneously to corn sowing and at V4 corn stage) and corn without intercropping. The experiment was conducted in autumn/ winter of 2010, in Selvíria - MS, in a randomized block design in factorial arrangement (4 x 3 + 1) and 4 replications. For corn, we evaluated plant height, basal stem diameter, initial and final stand and silage production and for forage dry matter production. Morphological characteristics and corn yield were not affected by intercropping when compared to sole corn crop. Forage dry matter production sown in corn row with fertilizer is a highlight, which in addition to providing greater productivity, harnesses the operation during sowing.

scholarly journals A Noninvasive Method for Assessing Oocyte Competency

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Cara Wessels Wells ◽  
Cara Wessels Wells ◽  
L. Penrose ◽  
M. Orth ◽  
S. Prien
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Membrane Permeability ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Oocyte Cryopreservation ◽  
Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Pre Treatment

There is an increasing demand to evaluate oocyte competency and viability for oocyte cryopreservation and use for in vitro fertilization. Oocytes suffer decreased survival of cryopreservation as compared to embryos, due to physical characteristics of the oocyte. The objective of this study is to determine if a specific gravity device (SGD) can estimate oocyte viability based on oocyte descent through the buoyancy system. All experiments were performed in a research laboratory with a randomized block design with repeated measures. Three hundred-seventy-six oocytes were collected from seven mice and randomly assigned to one of four treatments: exposure to 60C for 30 min, acidified media for 1h, ethylene glycol-glycerol cryoprotectant for 1h, or standard culture to serve as control. To further analyze the relationship between oocyte descent time and viability, 98 additional oocytes were passed through SGD before and after treatment. Oocytes were stained with Coomassie Blue to determine membrane permeability and estimate viability based on treatment. Oocytes treated with 60C heat, acidified media and ethylene glycol/ glycerol cryoprotectant solution demonstrated altered descent times from control and pre-treatment oocytes (P<0.05). Oocytes exposed to heat and cryoprotectants descended more rapidly through SGD than control and pre-treatment oocytes (P<0.05). Oocytes treated with acidified media descended more slowly through SGD (P<0.05). Permeation of stain into oocytes exposed to lethal treatments confirmed changes in membrane integrity post-treatment and further indicates SGD can detect such shifts. This suggests SGD can predict competency between live and dead oocytes. In conclusion, SGD can detect shifts in oocyte density due to altered membrane permeability, which can suggest information about oocyte competency. This information can help differentiate between high- and low-quality fresh oocytes to help select which oocytes to freeze and result in improved oocyte cryopreservation and fertilization.

scholarly journals Influence of Different Vegetable Oils on In Vitro Ruminal Fermentability and Nutrient Digestibility in Ettawah Crossbred Goat

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Anis Muktiani ◽  
Nurul Arifah ◽  
Widiyanto Widiyanto
Keyword(s):  
Vegetable Oil ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Randomized Block Design

This research was aimed to determine the effect of supplementation of vegetable oil (corn oil, palm oil and kapok seed oil) on in vitro ruminal fermentability and nutrient digestibility. Experiment design used was Randomized Block Design with four treatments and four replication based on rumen fluid sampling time. The four treatments namely R0 = feed without oil supplementation; R1 = R0 + 5% corn oil; R2 = R0 + 5% palm oil; and R3 = R0 + 5% kapok seed oil. The result showed that supplementation of 5% vegetable oil did not affect (P>0,05) the rumen pH, A/P ratio, and efficiency of energy conversion. The total VFA, acetate, propionate, butyrate, methane and NH3 was higher (P<0,05) in supplementation of 5% vegetable oil than he control. The population of protozoa, microbial protein, in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD), organic matter digestibility (IVOMD), and crude fiber digestibility (IVCFD) was lower (P<0,05) in supplementation of 5% compared to the control. Population of protozoa decreased until 58,76% for R1; 66,89% for R2; and 43,33% for R3. It can be concluded that supplementation of 5% vegetable oil decreased the population of protozoa, increased the production of VFA and NH3. Supplementation of 5% kapok seed oil resulting the highest of total VFA, acetate, propionate, butyrate and NH3 among other treatments.

scholarly journals Effect of fermentation on mixed rumen contents and jackfruit peel using Aspergillus oryzae on in vitro gas production and digestibility

2022 ◽  
Vol 335 ◽  
pp. 00048
Author(s):  
Mashudi Mashudi ◽  
Wahyuni Nurmawati
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Aspergillus Oryzae ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
In Vitro Gas Production

The objective of this research was to investigate the effect of Aspergillus oryzae on fermentation of mixture of rumen contents and jackfruit peel on in vitro gas production and digestibility. The method used in this study was an experiment using a randomized block design (RBD) of 4 treatments and 3 replications. The treatments including of T0 = 50% rumen contents + 50% jackfruit peel, T1 = 40 % rumen contents + 60% jackfruit peel + 0,4% Aspergillus oryzae, T2 = 30% rumen contents + 70% jackfruit peel + 0,4% Aspergillus oryzae, T3 = 20% rumen contents + 80% jackfruit peel + 0,4% Aspergillus oryzae. Variables observed were gas production, dry matter digestibility (DMD), and organic matter digestibility (OMD). Data were analyzed by using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) from Randomized Block Design, if there were significant effect between the treatments then tested with least significant different (LSD). The result showed that fermentation of mixture of rumen contents and jackfruit peel have highly significant effect (P<0.01) on gas production, and significant effect (P<0.05) on DMD and OMD. Gas production, DMD and OMD of fermented mixture of rumen contents and jackfruit peel are higher than control without fermentation. It is concluded that the higher jackfruit peels the higher gas production, DMD and OMD.

scholarly journals KERCERNAAN IN VITRO BAHAN KERING DAN BAHAN ORGANIK SERTA PROTEIN RANSUM BERBASIS PAKAN FERMENTASI

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 70
Author(s):  
Aang Baitul Mizan ◽  
Andi Murlina Tasse ◽  
Deki Zulkarnain
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
Rice Bran ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Animal Nutrition ◽  
Animal Science ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Randomized Block Design

This study has conducted four weeks in Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal Science, Haluoleo University, Kendari. The treatments R0 = rations based feed’s non fermented, R1 = rations based 40% rice bran fermented (RBF), R2 = rations based 45% RBF, R3 = rations based 50% RBF, R4 = rations based 55% RBF, R5 = rations based 60% RBF. The experimental design used a randomized block design (RBD) with 5 treatments and 4 groups. The results showed that dry matter digestibility (DMD) of R1, R2, R5 higher than R0 (94,17%, 90,98%, 91,04% vs 88.60%). In contrast, DMD of R3 and R4 lower than R0 (80,90% and 80,89% vs 88,60%). Organic matter digestibility (OMD) of R0 lower than R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5 ( 62,58% vs 90,32%, 90,55%, 90,78%, 91,15% and 90,41%). In contrast, OMD of R4 higher than R1, R2, R3, R5 and R0 (91,41% vs 90,32%, 90,55%, 90,78%, 90,41% and 62,58%). Ammonia (NH3) concentrations of R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5 higher than R0 (8,20 mM, 5,40 mM, 8,67 mM, 7,22 mM and 7,42 mM vs 3,20 mM). The conclusion of this study was FBR based 40%, 45%, 50%, 55% and 60% RBF feasible to ruminant’s feed.Keywords : Feed’s Fermented, Digestibility, Dry Matter, Organic Matter, Ammonia.ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi kelayakan penggunaan ransum berbasis pakan fermentasi untuk ternak ruminansia berdasarkan kecernaan bahan kering dan bahan orgaik serta protein secara In Vitro. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan selama empat minggu di Laboratorium Ilmu Nutrisi dan Makanan Ternak Fakultas Peternakan Universitas Haluoleo, Kendari. Perlakuan yang dicobakan adalah R0= ransum berbasis pakan non fermentasi (kontrol), R1= ransum berbasis dedak padi fermentasi 40%, R2= ransum berbasis dedak padi fermentasi 45%, R3= ransum berbasis dedak padi fermentasi 50%, R4= ransum berbasis dedak padi fermentasi 55%, R5= ransum berbasis dedak padi fermentasi 60%. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) dengan 5 perlakuan dan 4 kelompok. Hasil analisis ragam menunjukkan kecernaan bahan kering ransum berbasi dedak padi fermentasi 40%, 45%, dan 60% lebih tinggi dibanding dengan ransum berbasis pakan non fermentasi (94,17%; 90,98% dan 91,04% dibanding dengan 88,60%). Sebaliknya, ransum berbasis dedak padi fermentasi 50% dan 55% lebih rendah dibanding dengan ransum berbasis pakan non fermentasi (80,90% dan 80,89% dibanding dengan 88,60%). Kecernaan bahan organik ransum berbasis pakan non fermentasi lebih rendah dibanding dengan ransum berbasis dedak padi fermentasi 40%, 45%, 50%, 55% dan 60% (62,58 % dibanding dengan 90,32 %, 90,55 %, 90,78 %, 91,15 % dan 90,41 % ). Sebaliknya kecernaan bahan organik ransum berbasis dedak padi fermentasi 55% lebih tinggi dibanding dengan ransum berbasis dedak padi fermentasi 40%, 45%, 50%, 60% dan kontrol (91,41% dibanding dengan 90,32%, 90,55%, 90,78%, 90,41% dan 62,58%). Konsentrasi amonia ransum berbasis dedak padi fermentasi 40%, 45%, 50%, 55% dan 60% lebih tinggi dibanding dengan ransum berbasis pakan non fermentasi (8,20 mM, 5,40 mM, 8,67 mM, 7,22 mM dan 7,42 mM dibanding dengan 3,20 mM). Kesimpulan bahwa ransum berbasis dedak padi fermentasi 40% hingga 60% layak digunakan untuk pakan ternak ruminansia.Kata kunci: Pakan Fermentasi, Kecernaan Bahan Kering, Kecernaan Bahan Organik, Amonia.

scholarly journals Panicum maximum cv. Aries Establishment under Weed Interference with Levels of Light Interception and Nitrogen Fertilization

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. KRUCHELSKI ◽  
L.S. SZYMCZAK ◽  
L. DEISS ◽  
A. MORAES
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Interspecific Interaction ◽  
Light Interception ◽  
Panicum Maximum ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Weed Interference ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Nitrogen Rates

ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to evaluate the establishment of the pasture of Panicum maximum cv. Aries in an environmentally protected area under levels of interspecific interaction with the weed community. The experiment started after sowing P. maximum, and it was carried out in a randomized block design with four replications and the following factors: 3 light interception levels, 2 nitrogen rates, and 7 weekly sampling dates along pasture establishment (3x2x7). The light interception treatments, determined by photosynthetically active radiation, were given by mowing weeds over the canopy of P. maximum at 40% and 70% light interception, and no mowing (uncontrolled growth of weeds and P. maximum). Topdressing application of nitrogen in the form of urea was performed or not (0 or 200 kg N ha-1). The plant community was evaluated by number of species, dry matter accumulation, and density, and phytosociological indices were determined. The relative importance and dry matter accumulation of P. maximum were greater after nitrogen fertilization, which favored the species against weed competition. In contrast, there was lower weed density without nitrogen fertilization. Mowing weeds at 40% of light interception enabled P. maximum to accumulate more dry matter, while there was no difference between mowing weeds at 70% light interception and growing the forage crop freely with weeds. Reducing weed light interception as well as nitrogen fertilization, and consequently reducing the competitive ability of the weed, favored the establishment of P. maximum in diversified agro-ecosystems.

scholarly journals PRODUKSI, KUALITAS, DAN KECERNAAN IN VITRO TANAMAN RUMPUT BENGGALA (Panicum maximum) PADA LAHAN SALIN

2012 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 30
Author(s):  
Endang Dwi Purbajanti ◽  
R. Djoko Sutrisno ◽  
Eko Hanudin ◽  
Subur Priyono Sasmito Budhi
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Area ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Saline Soil ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Panicum Maximum ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Guinea Grass

<p>The aim of this study was to evaluate performance and in vitro digestibility of Guinea grass grown on saline soil. Yield, quality, and in vitro digestibility of Guinea grass cultivated on coastal area with crop populations of 10,000,<br />20,000, and 30,000 plants per hectare. Experiment was conducted following randomized complete block design (RCBD). Higher crop population increased fresh and DM biomass production, crude protein (CP) yield, dry matter<br />(DM) content, neutral detergent fiber (NDF), lignin, and hemicellulose content, but decreased CP content, and in vitro organic matter digestibility (OMD). The increased population had no effect on acid detergent fiber (ADF) and in vitro<br />dry matter digestibility (DMD). It could be concluded that guinea grass was recommended to be planted in saline coastal area by addition of fertilizer 20 tons/ha manure, 3 tons/ha gypsum, and 50 kg N (239 kg ZA/ha) as source of<br />nitrogen.</p><p><br />(Keywords: Forage, Salinity, Saline soil, Manure, Gypsum, Nitrogen source)<br /><br /></p>

scholarly journals INDUKSI TUNAS PADA BEBERAPA TIPE PEMOTONGAN EKSPLAN BONGGOL PISANG UDANG (Musa acuminata Colla) SECARA IN VITRO

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Mayta Novaliza Isda
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Musa Acuminata ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Fruit Colour ◽  
Shoot Induction ◽  
Genome Species ◽  
Randomized Block Design

Musa acuminata Colla is a unique genome species different from other species. This species has morphological characteristics on its reddish-purple fruit colour. Nowadays, Musa acuminata Colla is rarely to fond in Riau especially in Kampar District. This research aims to know the influence of several kinds of corm bananas cutting that comes from Kampar district with in vitro and determined concentration of single BAP and combination of BAP and Kinetin best in forming Musa acuminata Colla shoot. This research used for randomized block design (RBD) by giving BAP concentration (0, 4, 8 mg/l and combination of  BAP and Kinetin (0 mg/l BAP+0,4 mg/l Kinetin, 4 mg/l BAP+0,4 mg/l Kinetin, 8 mg/l BAP+ 0,4 mg/l Kinetin) with different cutting type the whole and cut into two parts on MS media with 5 replications. The result of this research showed the addition of BAP dan combination of BAP and Kinetin is giving the best result on the percentage of live explants and shot formation at 100%. Treatment of 8 mg/l BAP resulted in the highest shoot percentage up to 100%, the fastest shoots appeared at 34.00 days after planting and the highest shoot length of 2.83 cm with the shoots of 2.33 on cutting halved. Keywords : BAP, in vitro, kinetin, Musa acuminata Colla, shoot induction 

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document