RE-ASSESSING COMMUNITY-DIRECTED TREATMENT: EVIDENCE FROM MAZABUKA DISTRICT, ZAMBIA

2014 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. HALWINDI ◽  
P. MAGNUSSEN ◽  
S. SIZIYA ◽  
D. W. MEYROWITSCH ◽  
A. OLSEN
Keyword(s):  
Health Workers ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Drug Distribution ◽  
Implementation Process ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Child Treatment ◽  
Helminth Infections ◽  
Significant Health

SummaryCross-sectional surveys with carers, health workers, community drug distributors (CDDs) and neighbourhood health committees were conducted to identify factors associated with utilization of community-directed treatment (ComDT) of soil-transmitted helminths in children aged 12–59 months in Mazabuka district, Zambia. The surveys took place in December 2006 and December 2007. In addition child treatment records were reviewed. The factors that were found to be significantly associated (p<0.05) with treatment of children by the CDDs were: (1) the perception of soil-transmitted helminth infections as having significant health importance, (2) the community-based decision to launch and subsequently implement ComDT, (3) the use of the door-to-door method of drug distribution, (4) CDDs being visited by a supervisor, (5) CDDs receiving assistance in mobilizing community members for treatment, (6) CDDs having access to a bicycle and (7) CDDs having received assistance in collecting drugs from the health centre. Despite the effectiveness of ComDT in raising treatment coverage there are factors in the implementation process that will still affect whether children and their carers utilize the ComDT approach. Identification and understanding of these factors is paramount to achieving the desired levels of utilization of such interventions.

scholarly journals Prevalence of eczema among older persons: A population-based cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Vijayan Neena ◽  
Neelakandhan Asokan ◽  
Rajany Jose ◽  
A. Sarin
Keyword(s):  
Older Persons ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Medical Knowledge ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Community Based Interventions ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lichen Simplex Chronicus

Background: There are very few population-based studies on the prevalence of eczema among older persons Aims: To estimate the prevalence and types of eczema in those aged 65 years or more in the community and to evaluate the effectiveness of community-based interventions for case finding. Methods: In the first stage of this cross-sectional survey, trained health workers of a non-governmental organization surveyed the eligible population and identified persons likely to have eczema. In the second stage, dermatologists examined such persons to ascertain the diagnosis. Statistical analysis was done using Epi Info software version 7. Prevalence of eczema was expressed in percentages. Chi-square test was used for comparing the difference in prevalence of eczema in various age groups and sex. Results: Health workers identified 98 persons as possible cases of eczema after interviewing 385 older persons in the community. Among them 95 persons were examined by dermatologists and 44 were confirmed to have eczema (diagnostic accuracy of health workers = 46.3%).Point prevalence of eczema was 11.4% (44/385). Prevalence was similar in males and females. It was greater (18.2 %) among persons aged 81 years or more. Asteatotic eczema, gravitational eczema and lichen simplex chronicus were the more common types of eczema. Limitations: Possible underestimation of the prevalence rates due to limited medical knowledge of health workers; limited facilities for examination and investigations at the medical camps and home visits. Conclusion: There appears to be a considerable burden of eczema among older persons in the community. A community-based approach involving non-governmental organizations has the potential to identify cases and offer care close to their homes.

scholarly journals The effect of community dialogues and sensitization on patient reporting of adverse events in rural Uganda: uncontrolled before-after study

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen Byomire Ndagije ◽  
Leonard Manirakiza ◽  
Dan Kajungu ◽  
Edward Galiwango ◽  
Donna Kusemererwa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Events ◽  
Community Engagement ◽  
Adverse Drug Events ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Rural Setting ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Before And After

AbstractBackgroundThe patients that experience adverse events are in the best position to report them, only if they were empowered to do so. Systematic community engagement and support to patients in a rural setting to monitor any potential harm from medicines should provide evidence for patient safety.MethodsThis paper describes an uncontrolled before and after study aimed at assessing the effect of a community engagement strategy, the Community Dialogues and Sensitization (CDS) intervention between January and April 2017, on the knowledge, attitude and practice of reporting adverse drug events by community members in the two eastern Ugandan districts. A representative cross-sectional baseline household survey was done prior to the intervention in September 2016 (n=1034) and the end-line survey (n=827) in July 2017.ResultsAfter implementation of the CDS intervention, there was an overall 20% (95% CI=16- 25) increase in awareness about adverse drug events in the community. The young people (15- 24 years) demonstrated a 41% (95% CI =31-52) increase and the un-educated showed a 50% (95% CI=37-63) increase in awareness about adverse drug events. The attitudes towards reporting increased overall by 5% in response to whether there was a need to report ADEs (95% CI =3-7). An overall 115% (95% CI =137-217) increase in the population that had ever experienced ADEs was also reported.ConclusionOur evaluation shows that the CDS intervention increases knowledge, improves attitudes by catalyzing discussions among community members and health workers on health issues and monitoring safety of medicines.

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN MOTIVASI DAN PEKERJAAN IBU DENGAN PEMBERIAN MAKANAN PENDAMPING AIR SUSU IBU (MP-ASI) DINI PADA BAYI DI BAWAH USIA 6 BULAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 263-270
Author(s):  
Pandu Sandika ◽  
Nur Afrinis ◽  
Emdas Yahya
Keyword(s):  
Community Health ◽  
Complementary Feeding ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Community Health Centre ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Work Area

Complementary feeding of breastmilk to infants aged less than 6 months can cause health problems such as constipation, diarrhea and allergies. It will have an impact on the nutritional status of the infant. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between motivation and mother occupation with complementary feeding of breastmilk to infants under the age of 6 months in Naga Beralih village the work area of Community Health centre Kampar Utara in 2020. This type of research was analytic with cross sectional design. The population of this research was mothers who have infants aged 0-6 months in Naga Beralih village, the working area of Community Health centre Kampar Utara, totaling 41 people. Data collection tools in this study used a questionnaire. Data analysis in this study used univariate and bivariate analysis with chi square. The results showed that most of the respondents have high motivation in giving complementary breastfeeding, most of the respondents work, most of the respondents give complementary foods to infant under the age of 6 months. There was a relationship of motivation with complementary feeding with p value of 0.001. There was a work relationship with the provision of complementary feeding under the age of 6 months in Naga Beralih village the work area of Community Health centre Kampar Utara in 2020 with a p value of 0.002. For health workers, in order to increase education about the importance of complementary breastfeeding by forming classes for infants and toddlers to provide information and demonstrations, especially regarding the amount of complementary breastfeeding, types of food and timing of complementary feeding.

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN PERSEPSI IBU BALITA TENTANG POSYANDU DENGAN PEMANFAATAN POSYANDU MAWAR 2 RW 06 KEBAGUSAN JAKARTA SELATAN TAHUN 2015

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alifa Dinda Septifani ◽  
Apriningsih Apriningsih
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional

Posyandu was one manifestation of Health Efforts on Community Based (UKBM). Based on data Posyandu Mawar 2 in February 2015 there were a decreased number of mothers’s visit from 81.25% to 62.5%, so the researchers wanted to know about association of the mother’s perception with the utilization of The Posyandu. This research used cross sectional study design using total sampling (80 mothers). Data collection was done by direct interviews based on the questionnaire and analyzed using Chi Square. The result there’s a significant association between mother’ss perception of the distance to the utilization of Posyandu RW 06 Posyandu Mawar 2 Kebagusan South Jakarta and there’s no significant relationship between education, employment and the knowledge and mothers’perceptions about the completeness of facilities, the attitude of cadres and the presence of health workers. Suggestions for Posyandu is to increase  of  mother’confident to visit Posyandu

scholarly journals Connecting communities to primary care: a qualitative study on the roles, motivations and lived experiences of community health workers in the Philippines

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eunice Mallari ◽  
Gideon Lasco ◽  
Don Jervis Sayman ◽  
Arianna Maever L. Amit ◽  
Dina Balabanova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Community Health ◽  
Community Health Workers ◽  
Financial Incentives ◽  
Lived Experiences ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Community health workers (CHWs) are an important cadre of the primary health care (PHC) workforce in many low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The Philippines was an early adopter of the CHW model for the delivery of PHC, launching the Barangay (village) Health Worker (BHW) programme in the early 1980s, yet little is known about the factors that motivate and sustain BHWs’ largely voluntary involvement. This study aims to address this gap by examining the lived experiences and roles of BHWs in urban and rural sites in the Philippines. Methods This cross-sectional qualitative study draws on 23 semi-structured interviews held with BHWs from barangays in Valenzuela City (urban) and Quezon province (rural). A mixed inductive/ deductive approach was taken to generate themes, which were interpreted according to a theoretical framework of community mobilisation to understand how characteristics of the social context in which the BHW programme operates act as facilitators or barriers for community members to volunteer as BHWs. Results Interviewees identified a range of motivating factors to seek and sustain their BHW roles, including a variety of financial and non-financial incentives, gaining technical knowledge and skill, improving the health and wellbeing of community members, and increasing one’s social position. Furthermore, ensuring BHWs have adequate support and resources (e.g. allowances, medicine stocks) to execute their duties, and can contribute to decisions on their role in delivering community health services could increase both community participation and the overall impact of the BHW programme. Conclusions These findings underscore the importance of the symbolic, material and relational factors that influence community members to participate in CHW programmes. The lessons drawn could help to improve the impact and sustainability of similar programmes in other parts of the Philippines and that are currently being developed or strengthened in other LMICs.

scholarly journals Prevalence and determinants of pentavalent booster immunization in children aged three to five years in Denpasar, Bali

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Ni Rai Sintarini ◽  
Komang Ayu Kartika Sari ◽  
I Gusti Agung Trisna Windiani ◽  
Anak Agung Sagung Sawitri
Keyword(s):  
Information Dissemination ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Immunization Coverage ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Public Health Centre ◽  
Booster Immunization ◽  
Work Area

Background and purpose: Pentavalent booster immunization coverage in  Denpasar City is reported to be relatively low. This study aims to determine the prevalence and determinants of pentavalent immunization uptake.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in one banjar (hamlet) which was selected purposively in the work area of Public Health Centre (PHC) I West Denpasar, Bali Province. Banjar was selected with consideration of the diversity of local residents and migrants. All mothers who had children aged 3-5 years (138 people) in the banjar were chosen as respondents. Interviews were conducted in each respondent's house with variables included age, education, employment, parity, region of origin, knowledge on immunization, perception of susceptibility to and severity of disease, perceptions of benefits and barriers to immunization, sources of information, family support and acceptance of immunization. Data analysis was performed with poisson regression to determine the determinants of pentavalent booster immunization.Results: The majority of respondents were aged <30 years, high school education or above, unemployed, had 1-2 children and were from Bali. The proportion of respondents who reported that their children had been given pentavalent immunization in children aged three to five years was found to be 78.3%. Immunization prevalence was found to be higher in the population that originated from Bali (82.1%). Determinants of pentavalent immunization are perceptions of benefits (APR=4.78; 95%CI: 1.35-16.96), and more sources of information (APR=1.21; 95%CI: 1.04-1.41).Conclusion: The prevalence of pentavalent booster immunization is found to be lower than the average prevalence of the Bali Province but higher than the reported coverage of Denpasar City. The determinants of immunization acceptance was perception of high benefits and more sources of information. Information dissemination on the benefits of pentavalent booster immunization in children needs to be enhanced through health workers and various media to increase the coverage of pentavalent immunization.

scholarly journals Factors Related to Community Mobilization and Continued Involvement in a Community-Based Effort To Enhance Adolescents' Sexual Behaviour

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Joffres ◽  
Deborah Langille ◽  
Janet Rigby ◽  
Donald Langille
Keyword(s):  
Board Of Directors ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Organizational Factors ◽  
Community Mobilization ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Project Coordinator ◽  
The Board Of Directors ◽  
Personal Community ◽  
Depth Interviews

Purpose: This article describes and proposes a model of the factors that influenced community members' initial mobilization, continuing effort, or lack of involvement in a community based-intervention on adolescents' sexual health in Nova Scotia, Canada. Design: This study was conducted within the constructivist paradigm and guided by the principles of grounded theory. Methods: Factors related to community members' initial and continued involvement were explored using analyses of the contents of in-depth interviews and written documentation through pattern identification, clustering of conceptual groupings, identification of relationships between variables, constant comparisons, and theoretical memos. Subjects: Respondents included 14 participants, the 12 members of the Board of Directors and two paid staff (i.e., the project coordinator and the health centre nurse). Results: Specific personal, community-related, and organizational factors have influenced community members' involvement in the project. These factors were grouped into an explanatory model.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and retrospective mortality in a refugee camp, Dagahaley, Kenya

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. e0260989
Author(s):  
Etienne Gignoux ◽  
Frida Athanassiadis ◽  
Ahmed Garat Yarrow ◽  
Abdullahi Jimale ◽  
Nicole Mubuto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Test Performance ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Infected People ◽  
Displaced Populations ◽  
Mortality Survey

Background Camps of forcibly displaced populations are considered to be at risk of large COVID-19 outbreaks. Low screening rates and limited surveillance led us to conduct a study in Dagahaley camp, located in the Dadaab refugee complex in Kenya to estimate SARS-COV-2 seroprevalence and, mortality and to identify changes in access to care during the pandemic. Methods To estimate seroprevalence, a cross-sectional survey was conducted among a sample of individuals (n = 587) seeking care at the two main health centres and among all household members (n = 619) of community health workers and traditional birth attendants working in the camp. A rapid immunologic assay was used (BIOSYNEX® COVID‐19 BSS [IgG/IgM]) and adjusted for test performance and mismatch between the sampled population and that of the general camp population. To estimate mortality, all households (n = 12860) were exhaustively interviewed in the camp about deaths occurring from January 2019 through March 2021. Results In total 1206 participants were included in the seroprevalence study, 8% (95% CI: 6.6%-9.7%) had a positive serologic test. After adjusting for test performance and standardizing on age, a seroprevalence of 5.8% was estimated (95% CI: 1.6%-8.4%). The mortality rate for 10,000 persons per day was 0.05 (95% CI 0.05–0.06) prior to the pandemic and 0.07 (95% CI 0.06–0.08) during the pandemic, representing a significant 42% increase (p<0.001). Médecins Sans Frontières health centre consultations and hospital admissions decreased by 38% and 37% respectively. Conclusion The number of infected people was estimated 67 times higher than the number of reported cases. Participants aged 50 years or more were among the most affected. The mortality survey shows an increase in the mortality rate during the pandemic compared to before the pandemic. A decline in attendance at health facilities was observed and sustained despite the easing of restrictions.

scholarly journals Politicking with Health Care and Its Implications for the Attainment of Universal Health Coverage

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aloysius Odii ◽  
Pamela Ogbozor ◽  
Charles Orjiakor ◽  
Prince Agwu ◽  
Obinna Onwujekwe
Keyword(s):  
Universal Health Coverage ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Healthcare Delivery ◽  
Health Coverage ◽  
Healthcare Staff ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Universal Health

Abstract Background Primary Health Centres (PHCs) are acknowledged key to the achievement of Universal Health Coverage (UHC) owing to their closeness to the grass-root and the constant patronage by low- and middle-income class citizens. An impediment to the efficiency of PHCs is the nature of politics on-going in its operation beginning from its physical construction, employment of staff, among others. This study provides evidence of politicking marring the efficiency of PHCs as well as possible solutions to the issue. Method The study was carried out in eight purposively selected PHC facilities drawn from three local government areas in Enugu State, southeast Nigeria. Data were collected using in-depth interviews (IDIs) and focus group discussions (FGDs). The IDIs involved sixteen participants that cut across frontline health workers, heads and supervisors of health units at the local governments, and chairpersons of the health facility committees (HFCCs). In addition, four FGDs were held with male and female service users of the facilities. Findings It was discovered that certain powerful community members influenced the locations of PHCs, even when the general community is disfavoured by such decision. Powerful group of persons equally influence the recruitment and sanctioning of healthcare staff. The consequences include weak patronage of the facilities and poor healthcare delivery. Of the several solutions, obtaining localised support from powerful persons in the community to enforce fairness featured strongly. Conclusions The politics around primary healthcare is a threat to the achievement of UHC, since it discourages patronage and encourages inefficiency of healthcare staff. To overcome this, there is the need to facilitate genuine participation of community members and implementing local actions and policies in the facilitation of PHCs, and also, rapidly addressing the excesses of powerful groups and individuals. Key words: Primary Health Centre; Politicking; Universal Health Coverage; Power; Politics

scholarly journals Epidemiology of injuries and its impact among elderly: a descriptive community based cross-sectional study from central rural India

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 4485
Author(s):  
Shriram V. Gosavi ◽  
Anil R. Koparkar ◽  
Supriya A. Giri ◽  
Komal D. More
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Central India ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: This study was to enlighten the prevalence, different types & impact of injuries in elderly population in rural area of middle income country (India).Methods: It was a community based descriptive cross-sectional study, conducted in all 24 villages under one Primary Health Centre of central India. The study was carried out from June 2009 to May 2011.Results: In the present study, prevalence of injury was 17.1%, which was highest among elderly ageing 65-69 years (36.8%) followed by elderly ageing 60-64 years (27.4%). Prevalence of injury was higher (20%) among males as compared to females (14%). Association of age, gender and injury was not statistically significant. Fall was the most common cause (34.7%) of injury followed by occupational (34.0%) and road traffic accidents (15.8%). Superficial injuries were the most common (32.6%) type of injuries followed by fracture (27.3%). Hospital admission required by 24.2% of elderly. We found 34.7% elderly was physically impaired and 26.3% physically disabled due to various injuries.Conclusions: In the present study we found injuries pose a major public health problem in elderly. Therefore there is a need of community based assessment on impact of injury among elderly in various parts of country to formulate appropriate health initiatives for prevention and optimum treatment of injuries in elderly.

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