scholarly journals Art. II.—Pujahs in the Sutlej Valley, Himalayas

1884 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-30
Author(s):  
William Simpson
Keyword(s):  
The People ◽  
Melted Snow ◽  
Small Streams ◽  
To Come ◽  
The One ◽  
The Village ◽  
Rain Cloud

In the summer of 1860, I started from Simla to pass a few weeks at Chini, so as to avoid the rains. Chini is 16 marches about due east, which may be roughly put as being nearly 200 miles. Being just beyond the higher range of the Himalayan chain, the rain cloud is generally spent before it reaches the locality; still there is enough moisture to nourish vegetation, so that trees and flowers are plentiful. About two or three marches beyond this the rainless region commences, where trees are few and far between, and crops depend on the irrigation of small streams coming down from the melted snow of the higher peaks. Chini is about 10,000 feet above the sea, hence it is a most delightful climate in the summer; and few places in the Himalayas can present such a splendid view as the one looking across the Sutlej from the village. A bungalow had been erected at the time of Lord Dalhousie, and in it I put up for about two months; as I did my best when any of the people applied with ailments, they became friendly, and seeing me sketching, and taking an interest in their doings, they announced their ceremonies, and invited me to come and see them. I regret that my knowledge of the ordinary Hindostani was, at that time, but very small, so that I was unable to ask questions and collect information. from this cause my account of their Pujahs is far from complete.

scholarly journals The Culture of Poverty in Paris on the Eve of the Revolution

1967 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 277-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffry Kaplow
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
French Revolution ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Culture Of Poverty ◽  
The People ◽  
To Come ◽  
The One ◽  
Wage Earners

At the very beginning of the investigation, it is necessary to find a word to describe the European masses before the coming of the twin revolutions, the French and Industrial, that have contributed so much to the making of the modern world. “Proletariat” is clearly anachronistic; “wage-earners” is inadequate in a society where cash wages were far from being the most common form of payment for labor. “Working class” is too much identified with nineteenth century developments and, what is worse, conjures up an image of a homogeneous group that does not conform to eighteenth century realities. “Laboring poor” is by far the best, for it emphasizes two primary facts about the people with whom we are concerned: first, that, to one extent or another, they earned their living by doing manual labor, and, second, that they were being continuously impoverished, as Professor Labrousse has shown. The category has several virtues as a tool of historical analysis. It is large enough to take account of the complexities of eighteenth century social conditions, stressing the mobility and social intercourse that existed, albeit on a diminishing scale, between the master artisans and shopkeepers, their apprentices and journeymen on the one hand, and the domestics, beggars, criminals and floating elements in the population, on the other.Classes laborieusesandclasses dangereuseslived side by side and recruited their personnel from one another. They did in fact form a whole, whom contemporaries called“les classes inférieures”. If we look toward the future, we see that the French Revolution Was to bring about a temporary split in their ranks by politicizing those among them who became the sans-culottes, and that the Industrial Revolution was to complete this division on other bases by allowing some of the laboring poor to become petty capitalists, While forcing the majority to become proletarians or to fall further still into the nether world of the lumpen-proletariat. In sum, the use of the concept of the laboring poor enables us to come close to the reality of eighteenth century paris and to watch the disagregation of that reality with the passage of time.

scholarly journals CHANGING THE NAMES OF THE BULGARIAN MUSLIMS – ONE MOVIE SUBJECT FROM THE 1990’S

2020 ◽  
pp. 127-132
Author(s):  
Nikolay PAPUCHIEV
Keyword(s):  
Young Female ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Female Teacher ◽  
Social Mechanisms ◽  
The People ◽  
Communist Ideology ◽  
The Social ◽  
The One ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
The Village

The article presents the results from the study of one of the first movie projects concerning changing the names of the Bulgarian Muslims after 1989. Gori, gori, ogunche (Burn, Burn Fire) (1994), scenario – Malina Tomova, director – Rumyana Petkova, shows the picture of the life in Mugla – a small village settled high in the Rodopi Mountain, Bulgaria. In four series, the team created the movie revealing from a number of aspects one of the most painful processes in the Bulgarian history – changing the Turkish or Arabic names of Bulgarian followers of the Islam religion. The narrator’s point of view is presented through the conflict (in the beginning) between the visions of the main character in the scenario – the young female teacher Marina, who comes in the village from one of the biggest Bulgarian cities – on the one hand, and the traditional life and the communist ideology – on the other. In the article, this conflict that transforms the vision of Marina and turns her prejudices into compassion and understanding, is the main entrance into the psychology of the names changing processes and the social mechanisms, used by the people to relieve the pain and trauma. The movie is analysed in the light of the new tendencies in the Bulgarian cinema during the 70-ies – when the scenario was written, and the new political circumstances in the so-called Time of transition – when the movie was created.

scholarly journals Pengaruh pendidikan mitigasi bencana tanah longsor terhadap kesiapsiagaan masyarakat didesa melung kecamatan kedungbanteng kabupaten banyumas

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachmi Ariyani ◽  
Endiyono - Endiyono
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Knowledge Society ◽  
Statistical Test ◽  
Disaster Mitigation ◽  
P Value ◽  
The People ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The One ◽  
The Village ◽  
Landslide Disaster

Objective: Understand Effect of Education Mitigation of Disasters Land landslide against Preparedness Society in Rural Melung District of Kedungbanteng Regency of Banyumas. Methods: This study uses quantitative methods with quasy experimental designs through the one group pretest-posttest design approach. Test were used in research this is a test paired sample t test with a number of 50 respondents were taken by proposive sampling. Results: Result statistical test p-value = 0.0001 ( p-value < 0.05) which means that there are significant landslide disaster mitigation education to the knowledge society in the village of the District Melung Kedungbanteng Banyumas Regency. This influence is indicated by an increase of 5,640 points from the score before training of 6,140. The difference of 5,640 is statistically significant.Conclusion: The preparedness of the village community in melung is included in the category of being ready to face the possibility of a landslide disaster, before the training knowledge of the people of 6,15 but after the knowledge of the rise of 11,78.Keywords: Mitigation disasters soil landslides, Preparednes, Education.

Covid 19’s Effect on Mental Health

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 1885-1889
Author(s):  
Raj Laddha
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Negative Energy ◽  
New Disease ◽  
Coping With Stress ◽  
The People ◽  
The Government ◽  
To Come ◽  
The One ◽  
The Impact

At times when we are faced with uncertainty, fear of the unknown, anxiety about a new disease, and what could happen can be overwhelming and cause strong emotions, not just in adults but in children as well. Necessary government guidelines, such as social distancing, can make people feel isolated and lonely and can increase stress and anxiety. Though these actions are necessary to reduce the spread of COVID-19, healthily coping with stress will make you, the people you care about, and your community stronger. This prospective study is aimed to assess the impact of the COVID-19 outbreak on mental health and to investigate how the community can remain happy. The one thing which is spreading faster than the infectious disease during the pandemic is the negative energy, with total confirmed cases touching 1 crore, millions of people losing their jobs, and many losing their beloved ones. Awareness regarding mental health is a must. During this phase, there is extremely minimal knowledge about the impact of such epidemics on community mental health. This gap in knowledge means we are less prepared, critically ill-equipped to support communities as we face unprecedented times. In situations like these, all of us have to come forward. It is our responsibility how we handle this, our include both the government and each and every citizen of the country.

North African Historiography and the Westerner: The Maghrib as Seen by David Gordon

1978 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 187-200
Author(s):  
Albert C. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
African History ◽  
North African ◽  
Self Identity ◽  
The People ◽  
Revolutionary Movements ◽  
To Come ◽  
The One ◽  
The Third World

For the people of the Third World, nationhood in the twentieth century frequently demands the solution of a dual complexity: on the one hand, a search for an identity long suppressed by colonialism; and on the other hand, an effort to come to terms with the problems engendered by often violent entry into modernity. The challenge presented by this quest for self-identity and self-determination is at once paradoxical and parallel. Under foreign domination the colonized is denied his past, his real history; in addition he is forbidden any role in the making of his future. No wonder then that modern revolutionary movements stress the necessity for recovering the colonized's indigenous background — his roots — as a necessary corollary to independence and the eradication of colonialism.In a sense the student of history also shares in the problem. Particularly is this true of students in North African history for in the pursuit of knowledge about the Maghrib's past and present, where does one turn historiographically? For purposes of organization only, three prospective “schools” of historical analysis are considered here: colonialist, nationalist, and Western. In suggesting these three “schools,” I make no attempt to be inclusive; many other variations are possible. The model used here is presented simply as a guide to complement the discussion which follows.The aspiring historian may first seek truth in history as written by the colonialist. In most instances, however, this will prove inadequate because the colonizer usually relegates the pre-colonial past to obscurity; history under dynamic colonialism or protectionism is inevitably seen as forever enlightened whereas independence is chaotic and despotic, if the colonizer bothers to write about the reborn nation at all.

XIV. The Sibyl and the Dream of One Hundred Suns: An Old Apocryphon

1910 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 609-623
Author(s):  
M. Gaster
Keyword(s):  
Special Kind ◽  
Apocalyptic Literature ◽  
The People ◽  
Political Events ◽  
Last Judgment ◽  
The Future ◽  
Christian Literature ◽  
To Come ◽  
The One ◽  
The Mind

IN addition to the more or less accredited ancient Sibylline oracles, others circulated, under the name of the one or the other of the Sibyls, which also claimed to be of equal authority. The name was a recommendation for a special kind of apocalyptic literature, and the example set of old of foretelling the future was thereby continued for many centuries. The character of this Sibylline Oracle was akin to some of the old Apocalypses, in which the future was revealed in a symbolical form, and the events to come foretold by allegories and signs, which were interpreted by the Sibyl as by one of the prophets of old. By connecting such apocalyptic revelations with some ancient name and ascribing to men or women of the past works composed at a much later time, these compositions entered into the domain of that apocryphal Christian literature which made use of old formulas for disseminating new teaching and thus prepared the mind of the people for untoward incidents. These oracles were soon drawn into the cycle of the Doomsday; the legends of Antichrist and of the Last Judgment were incorporated with the older oracle; and thus an oracle which originally may have been a mere forecast of purely political events became a religious manifesto, a prophetic pronouncement on the course of events, leading up to the final drama.

scholarly journals SOSIALISASI PENTINGNYA TIDAK MEMBUANG AIR BESAR DI SUNGAI (STOP BABS) DI DESA GAMPANG KECAMATAN PRAMBON

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-48
Author(s):  
Shoim Anwar
Keyword(s):  
Direct Contact ◽  
River Flow ◽  
Flow Characteristics ◽  
Influential Factor ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Intentional Behavior ◽  
The People ◽  
The One ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Village

Sanitation is the one component of environmental health as intentional behavior for cultivate human hygiene to prevent direct contact with dirt and other hazardous waste material, with the hope to maintain and improve human health. This is because, the environment may play a direct cause influential factor in supporting the outbreak of disease and as factors affecting the course of the disease. All feces is a medium as breeding and seed base of infectious diseases. The impact of the disease is most often caused by defecation to the river is the widespread bacterium Escherichia coli, which can cause diarrhea. After that could be dehydrated, and because of the condition of human body’s down then get other diseases. The river is a very important source of water to support human’s life. Dynamism watersheds are influenced by the weather, river flow characteristics and human behaviour of the people who live around the river banks. As a result of effluent from people behaviour causes disturbance to the ecosystem of the river flow. Starting from the non-fulfillment of water quality 3B standarts (colorless, odorless and non-toxic), reduced numbers of fish and water animals, the emergence of a rundown neighborhood until the emergence of health problems and others, therefore, to KKN-PPM in the field of Environmental Sanitation and Supply water in the village Easy in Subdisrtict Prambon, Sidoarjo, the program will be made by "socialization of Great Importance Not Throw water on the River (STOP BABS)".

scholarly journals Parihaka-tecture

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 77-92
Author(s):  
Peter Wood
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Social Self ◽  
Farm Land ◽  
Political Independence ◽  
The People ◽  
The One ◽  
Colonial Government ◽  
The Village

At 5.00am of November the 5th, 1881, government-sanctioned troops entered the Taranaki Pā of Parihaka, arresting key leaders, expelling occupants and destroying the buildings. The impetus for the assault was highly political. On the one hand Parihaka represented a focus for a broad fear of Māori political independence. At the same time the demand for fertile farm land by colonial settlers was not being met. Scattering the people of Parihaka was a central strategy for alleviating the former and satisfying the latter. Similarly, the destruction of the material fabric of the village – its architecture – was a purposeful action designed to erase any legitimate presence over the land. Not until the publication of Dick Scott's The Parihaka Story, in 1954, were the events of Parihaka brought to a wider Pākehā audience. Today it is largely, and correctly, understood as a particularly ugly moment in our history. However, while we may have developed a certain social self-consciousness toward the racial and political ramifications of Parihaka, not enough has been made of the extraordinary architecture that framed it. In this paper I wish to add to what we do know by reviewing period photographs of Parihaka Pā at the time of the invasion. In particular, I will be giving consideration to Miti-mai-te-arera (the house of Te Whiti), Rangi Kapuia (the house of Tohu), Nuku-tewhatewha (the communal bank) and Te Niho-o-Te-Ātiawa (the dining hall). It is my view that the colonial government were right to interpret these prominent buildings as symbolically threatening and in this paper I hope to show why they were so, but also how their presence nonetheless continued well into the twentieth century.

Pine Oil Kilns in Yeongnam Province on the Japanese colonial period

2018 ◽  
pp. 95-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Young-min Joo
Keyword(s):  
Colonial Period ◽  
Farm Families ◽  
Pine Oil ◽  
The People ◽  
Clear Explanation ◽  
Precise Analysis ◽  
Japanese Colonial ◽  
The One ◽  
Colonial Government ◽  
The Village

Since there are few relics excavated, research on pine oil kilns in Yeongnam Province has been mostly focused on figuring out the historical meaning of them relying on literatures with no precise analysis on the remains. Therefore, it has failed to give clear explanation about the fact that the firing room of pine oil kilns was rebuilt twice with different materials. Based on the awareness of the problem, this author conducted analysis on the relics of pine oil kilns that have been excavated so far. According to the analysis results, at first, the pine oil kiln was similar to the one producing oil made of pine resin collected. Furthermore, this author found the pine oil kiln first devised around 1938 and also two photos showing how the pine oil kiln was working. Along with that, this author suggests the valid possibility of colony Chosun’s traditional masters mobilized to apply their technique and operate the kilns in the background of the pine oil kilns completely equipped to the extent of performing their functions properly after several times of improvements made although they had exhibited many problems before. Next, this author analyzed the attributes related to the standardization of pine oil kilns and learned that building pine oil kilns was led by the colonial government systematically based on thorough planning as part of securing resources they needed. Also, to induce the people to participate in it voluntarily, at first, they encouraged it as a side job for farm families; however, in the end, the colonial government enforced the monopoly system for pine oil to control it. Accordingly, pine oil kilns were built mostly in the foot of a mountain near the village where there were many people residing. In fact, all the colonized people including children got mobilized systematically to collect the byproducts of pines.

scholarly journals PENERAPAN REGRESI LOGISTIK DALAM PENENTUAN FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI JUMLAH WISATAWAN ECOTOURISM DESA BEDONO

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-22
Author(s):  
Wilis Ari Setyati ◽  
Sunaryo Sunaryo ◽  
Arya Rezagama ◽  
Abel Kristanto Widodo ◽  
M Faisal Alfa Yulianto
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
The People ◽  
Determining Factors ◽  
Spss Software ◽  
To Come ◽  
The Village ◽  
Additional Income

Kegiatan pariwisata merupakan salah satu sektor vital yang dapat diandalkan oleh masyarakat suatu desa untuk memperoleh pendapatan tambahan. Desa Bedono merupakan salah satu desa pesisir yang terletak di Kecamatan Sayung, Kabupaten Demak. Sebagai salah satu desa pesisir, Desa Bedono mengalami tekanan dari aktivitas di darat maupun di lautan. Dampak yang paling terlihat adalah rusaknya infrastruktur akibat banjir rob. Hal ini tentu menghambat wisatawan yang ingin datang berkunjung ke Desa Bedono. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi wisatawan untuk datang ke Desa Bedono. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan kuesioner berisi pertanyaan tertutup dengan jumlah responden sebanyak 100. Pengolahan data menggunakan regresi logistic dengan bantuan software SPSS. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa faktor yang mempengaruhi wisatawan untuk datang ke Desa Bedono ada tiga, yaitu: respon warga desa terhadap banjir rob (X1), prioritas masalah lingkungan (X3) dan jenis wisata yang ditawarkan (X11) dilihat dari nilai significance yang berada di bawah 1% dan 5%. Setelah mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi wisatawan untuk datang ke Desa Bedono, diharapkan warga dapat memaksimalkan potensi sehingga dapat meningkatkan jumlah wisatawan.APPLICATION OF LOGISTIC REGRESSION IN DETERMINING FACTORS AFFECTING THE NUMBER OF ECOTOURISM ASSESSMENT IN BEDONO VILLAGE. Tourism activities are one of the vital sectors that can be relied upon by the people of a village to obtain additional income. Bedono Village is a coastal village located in Sayung Subdistrict, Demak Regency. As one of the coastal villages, Desa Bedono experiences pressure from activities on land and in the ocean. The most noticeable impact is damage to infrastructure due to tidal flooding. This certainly inhibits tourists who want to come to visit Bedono Village. This study aims to determine the factors that influence tourists to come to the village of Bedono. Data collection was carried out with a questionnaire containing closed questions with 100 respondents. Data processing used logistic regression with the help of SPSS software. The results of this study indicate that there are three factors influencing tourists to come to Bedono Village, namely: villagers' responses to tidal floods (X1), priority environmental problems (X3) and types of tours offered (X11) seen from the significance value at under 1% and 5%. After knowing the factors that influence tourists to come to Bedono Village, it is hoped that residents can maximize their potential so that they can increase the number of tourists.

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