Aborigines in Multilingual Australia

1984 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 3-12
Author(s):  
J. Budby
Keyword(s):  
Multicultural Education ◽  
Government Policy ◽  
Working Party ◽  
Department Of Education ◽  
Australian Population ◽  
The Past ◽  
Important Principle ◽  
The World ◽  
Equal Recognition ◽  
The Ideal

(Address given to the World Education Fellowship – Queensland Section, 28 July 1983).The topic chosen for discussion at this gathering is entitled, ‘Towards a Multilingual Australia’. Because of my particular upbringing, experience and knowledge, my presentation will specifically focus on the place of Aborigines within such a society. My fellow speaker will broaden the issue by outlining aspects of the wider Australian society and their relationship to the new ideal. Since we constitute between one and two per cent of the Australian population, perhaps I should limit myself to this proportion of time in presenting my paper. However, I shall adopt an important principle of multilingualism, namely, that of equal recognition, and spend considerably more time in presenting an Aboriginal viewpoint on the contribution my peoples can make to a multilingual Australia. I hope that my fellow speaker does not permit me to ‘hog the microphone’ for too long as I am sure that he will have some important perspectives to add to tonight’s discussion.To present my people’s place within a multilingual Australia I believe it is necessary to present the current attitudes. The current attitudes can be attributed largely to what has occurred in the past. The settlement of Australia has significance. Therefore I will begin my presentation by outlining the structure of the Australian population and how it came to be. Then to present the Aboriginal view of this and the attitude to the suggested new Australia. To do this I will diverge from the major topic initially to express a view of multiculturalism. Language is an important component of culture and therefore one cannot easily divorce one from the other. A multilingual Australia must also be multicultural, in my opinion. Most Aborigines have a particular attitude to this new Government policy. My people’s attitude will be defined and made explicit through the historical perspective and through a critical analysis of statements made by three groups on multiculturalism. The three groups who have made a statement include, the Working Party on Multiculturalism, established by the Queensland Department of Education, the Commonwealth Education Portfolio, and the Committee on Multicultural Education who reported to the Commonwealth Schools Commission. Having established the current Aboriginal attitude, I will provide some strategic ideas as to how I consider the ideal of multilingual Australia can be achieved. In providing strategies I hope to leave food for thought for later discussion and review.

The Tyranny of the Ideal

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald Gaus
Keyword(s):  
Political Philosophy ◽  
Moral Life ◽  
Moral Inquiry ◽  
Open Society ◽  
The Past ◽  
Theories Of Justice ◽  
The World ◽  
Diverse Society ◽  
Just Society ◽  
The Ideal

This book lays out a vision for how we should theorize about justice in a diverse society. It shows how free and equal people, faced with intractable struggles and irreconcilable conflicts, might share a common moral life shaped by a just framework. The book argues that if we are to take diversity seriously and if moral inquiry is sincere about shaping the world, then the pursuit of idealized and perfect theories of justice—essentially, the entire production of theories of justice that has dominated political philosophy for the past forty years—needs to change. Drawing on recent work in social science and philosophy, the book points to an important paradox: only those in a heterogeneous society—with its various religious, moral, and political perspectives—have a reasonable hope of understanding what an ideally just society would be like. However, due to its very nature, this world could never be collectively devoted to any single ideal. The book defends the moral constitution of this pluralistic, open society, where the very clash and disagreement of ideals spurs all to better understand what their personal ideals of justice happen to be. Presenting an original framework for how we should think about morality, this book rigorously analyzes a theory of ideal justice more suitable for contemporary times.

scholarly journals Young People: Between Literature and Advanced Technologies

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-23
Author(s):  
Ahmad Idris Asmaradhani
Keyword(s):  
Life Choices ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Human Essence ◽  
The Past ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
The World ◽  
Simple Question ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Ideal

In the eyes of literature, existentialist thinkers focus on the question of concrete human existence and the conditions of this existence rather than hypothesizing a human essence, stressing that the human essence is determined through life choices. The ideal, however, is that humans exist in a state of distance from the world that they nonetheless remain in the midst of. This distance is what enables humans to project meaning into the disinterested world of in-itselfs. This projected meaning remains fragile, constantly facing breakdown for any reason— from a tragedy to a particularly insightful moment. In such a breakdown, humans are put face to face with the naked meaninglessness of the world, and the results can be devastating. It is porposed that literature and the media combined have a powerful impact on those who wish to truly realize and understand their message. By studying, reading, learning, experiencing, and knowing the culture of the present and those cultures of the past then one can understand the ideas of life and how the two work together to help us better understand each other and ourselves. In what ways our present culture, our technological advances, and the media shape who we are as individuals is not a simple question. The answer seems to elusively hide in a world filled with cultural complexities. But, it is no secret to find that literature is a source of power. It does influence, guide, and shape the human become as they continue their journey through life. Hence, since human are never without the influence of literature, they will always have factors working to modify the human being. However, it is their choice as to how they internalize what they are exposed to, and in turn, it is up to them to determine the individual that ultimately prevails.

Western Europe and Scandinavia

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurence Brockliss
Keyword(s):  
Government Policy ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Visual Representations ◽  
Childhood Studies ◽  
History Of Childhood ◽  
The Past ◽  
Sharp Focus ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Insight Into

Childhood in western Europe is obviously a vast topic, and this entry will approach it historically and largely chronologically. The study of childhood is still relatively new, and historians have sometimes struggled to construct a history of childhood, with very few firsthand accounts and limited archives. So many children left very few traces of their lives, and historians have had to piece together their history, not from diaries or archives but from court reports, visual representations, and childcare manuals. They have had to struggle to recapture the world of childhood in eras prior to 1800, when sources are especially limited. They, like others interested in childhood studies, have had to address the issue of how to define a child and what childhood is. They have had to contemplate the different historical meanings of the word child prior to 1600 and to resist the temptation to believe that childhood has inevitably improved through the centuries. They have also had to become aware of the dangers of historicizing a phenomenon that has few stable parameters and, in some cultures, may not even exist at all. In several languages there is no word for child; even in English, the word has drastically shifted its meaning over the centuries. These shifts need to be historicized in order to see both the continuities and the discontinuities between the past and the present that suggest that childhood has always been a time of suffering; children have always been the victims of perilous disease, parental neglect, government policy, war, etc. Concurrently, children have also always been the hope of the future, the focus of special love and attention. A historical perspective on European childhoods brings this insight into sharp focus.

Responsibility

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Keith Dowding
Keyword(s):  
Moral Responsibility ◽  
Government Policy ◽  
Government Regulation ◽  
Healthy Food ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
Responsibility Of Government ◽  
The Usa

Gun crime in the USA is wildly out of line with other nations. Obesity has taken off as a growing problem around the world in the past forty years. Homelessness is increasing, whilst the average age of home owners is rising. Governments tell their citizens that they ought to eat healthy food, tell the young to get good jobs to buy houses, and blame the bad guys for gun crime. In all cases, the problem lies with government regulation and government policy. This chapter looks at how governments blame citizens for failures which are caused by government. They have been encouraged by political philosophers who concentrate upon individual moral responsibility, freedom and autonomy, whilst ignoring the fact that governments no longer seem to want to legislate for the welfare of their citizens. This chapter sets up the argument of the book. Individuals are responsible for the choices they can reasonably make given the menu of opportunities available to them. That menu is the responsibility of government – and the menu is poor fare.

scholarly journals Ukrainian Religious Missionary Mission in its Research Interpretations

2008 ◽  
pp. 147-174
Author(s):  
Vitaliy Volodymyrovych Shevchenko
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
The Other ◽  
Anatomical Features ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
Work Psychology ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Determining Factor ◽  
The Ideal

It is well known that all peoples, without exception, have for centuries formed their own ideas about the world, the cosmos, man, his otherworldly and other dimensions. Associated with factors of different vital values, they accumulate the energy of an ethno-national spirit, attest to the reflections of an individual, as well as the tribe, nation, nation over the ideal aspirations that are usually united around consecrated, close and native ethnic groups. On the other hand, being a subject of admiration and reflection, holiness and inspiration, sacred importance inevitably influences the formation of the culture and art of a particular ethnic group, its life and behavior, aptitude and character, and thus determine the originality of its thinking, worldview and experience. To put it another way, for centuries and still largely, despite the loss of the world of theocentricity as a determining factor in civilizational development, religious imperatives acted and acted as the axis of history, one of the fundamental principles with which humanity binds the past and now comprehends the future. "Every nation," Gustave LeBon notes in his work, "Psychology of Nations and Masses," has a mental structure as stable as its anatomical features, and it is from him that his feelings, his thoughts, his institutions, his beliefs and his art »

scholarly journals Pendidikan Multikulturalisme dan Hak Asasi Manusia di Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 441-452
Author(s):  
Uun Yusufa
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Multicultural Education ◽  
Cultural Interaction ◽  
Human Right ◽  
Cultural Phenomenon ◽  
The World ◽  
The Ideal

Abstract: In a heterogeneus society, as in Indonesia, multicultural conflict contributed significantly to the crisis  of culture  and human right violations. Cultural interaction that is not harmonius or coercion between the cultural phenomenon of one over another has threatened the ideal of culture itself. Therefore, the required planting patterns in a more businesslike culture and heterogeneous to answer the crisis of culture. Awareness of multiculturalism and respect for human rights need to be inculcated in every student the education in our country. This paper attempts to describe how important and growing signicance of education in the world of multicultural education to be able to issues of conflict and human right violations are constantly palgued this nation. Keywords: Multiculturalism, Conflict, SARA, Human Right

scholarly journals ¿Por qué la arquitectura es música congelada? Schelling, Le Corbusier y Xenakis

2016 ◽  
pp. 39-60
Author(s):  
Virginia López-Domínguez
Keyword(s):  
A Priori ◽  
Le Corbusier ◽  
The Real ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
And Mathematics ◽  
Architecture And Music ◽  
The Ideal

Architecture is frozen music is a phrase which has been transformed by use, but it has also been taken away the importance it has for an esthetic ontology and a different conception of the world, and that is why its deepness and meaning are analyzed through Schelling, Le Corbusier and Xenakis in order to show why architecture is frozen music. Here architecture and music have a correlation that cannot be perceived at first, which places architecture itself in a quest for beauty, when in the past it only used to be taken into account in the criteria of the useful. The narrow connection between architecture and music dwells on the level of a priori regarding structure and mathematics, but also shows the relation with the sensitive, the real and the ideal, which means that it involves the fluctuation between the objective and the subjective that can be shown regarding the execution of the work.

scholarly journals Metaphorical Structure of the Poetry of the symbolists (based on the poems by V. Ivanov)

2020 ◽  
pp. 239-255
Author(s):  
Elina Sventsitsky
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
Creative Work ◽  
The Real ◽  
The Past ◽  
Russian Symbolism ◽  
The World ◽  
Dynamic Symbol ◽  
Main Tendency ◽  
The Ideal

The aim of this article is to show that metaphorical and symbolic word in the symbolist poetics are the interdependent phenomena, and to reveal how a poem becomes symbolic through the realization of a certain metaphorical structure, based on the analysis of V. Ivanov's poems. The study of Ivanov's work “Dve stihii v russkom simvolisme” (“Two Elements in the Russian Symbolism”) has led to the conclusion that the author’s thinking is personalized and creates entities; in the numerous phenomena of existence, he sees a single personal entity. Thus arises the semantic perspective of defining a single essence through a series of comparisons. This is why a number of Ivanov's poems are based on multiple metaphor, a framework of definitions expressed in metaphors. In each of the analyzed works (“Ulov” – “The catch”, “Alpiyskiy rog” – “Alpine horn”, the cycle “Lira i os’” – “Lyre and axis”), the poet establishes several levels of metaphorization, where the real and the ideal planes are constantly exchanging places. The metaphorical comparison of different objects builds transitions from one level to another. Thus, a kind of synthesis emerges, things become transparent, flexible, and they are permeated by upward currents. It is this dynamic symbol of existence that makes it possible to accumulate and revive the past content, and interact with the world cultural context. It has a certain structure – a crystal, whose facets are separate and intrinsically valuable, but deep down they are united, and this unity lives in each of the facets. The detected structure also expresses the main tendency of Ivanov's creative work: the contemplation of an immediate feeling, an instinct, i.e. a heroic attempt to break through to a sense of the unity of everything with everything through rational comprehension and analysis.

Tragic Optimism in the Aeneid

1942 ◽  
Vol 11 (33) ◽  
pp. 137-138
Author(s):  
H. G. Mullens
Keyword(s):  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
Roman People ◽  
To Come ◽  
The Ideal

An ἀγών between the dignity and aspiration of man and the apparently overwhelming power of the gods or of circumstance recurs frequently as a theme in the Greek tragedies. The solution proposed by the Greek writers was always positive and encouraging to man. The same theme is found in the Aeneid, and the answer is not dissimilar to the solution offered in some of his plays by Aeschylus. Virgil views the struggle historically and he makes his hero the embodiment of past, present, and future. He is Aeneas the founder of the Roman race, he is Augustus the inaugurator of the new Rome, and he is also what Augustus and his successors in the poet's opinion should be. That is to say, he is the tradition of the past, the actuality of the present, and an ideal for the future. Above all he is the Roman people then, now, and to come; and the ideal for the future is a social ideal. The tragic idea of the Aeneid is made plain at the beginning of the poem by means of the celestial machinery. The first scene is the storm (i, 34–156) when all the powers of heaven seem to be trying to wreck the already ruined Trojans. We might indulge in a misapplication of words and choose as a motto for this passagetantaene animis caelestibus irae? (l. 11)The gods are cruel and unjust as in Prometheus Vinctus. The second scene shows the effect of this ‘persecution’ upon the Trojans. They are fessi rerum (178), ‘weary of the world’. But from Aeneas suffering evokes a confession of faith—per varios casus, per tot discrimina rerum tendimus in Latium, sedes ubi fata quietas ostendunt; illic fas regna resurgere Troiae. Durate, et vosmet rebus servate secundis. (204–7)

scholarly journals A CRETIVE MIND HIDDEN AND IN THE MIDDLE OF THE WORLD: GUTAI

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (86) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
World Order ◽  
New World Order ◽  
The Past ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
Social Events ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Great Sense ◽  
Basic Philosophy ◽  
The Ideal

In the middle of the 20th century, it is seen that there was a break in perspective separating the Modern period and its aftermath. With the new values that started to be accepted after the world wars and the new world order formed, new searches in art soon found their way. It is clear that art began to rise, especially in the 1950s, with a different, untested, idea that left the past behind with a great sense of rebellion, which took the wind of social events by breaking the analytical and scientific perspective of the Modern period. The Gutai group, which was founded in Japan in 1954 and started its activities, is a group that came out of a country with a deep-rooted culture but took a very different route for itself. It adopted the ideal of following the untested one by emphasizing the unity of essence and matter, and inspired the present and future of world art with her pioneering ideas. In this research, the history of the group, its periods, its basic philosophy, the reflections of this philosophy on works of art, its relations and interactions with contemporary artists were investigated. Keywords: Gutai, Japan, Manifest, Contemporary Art, Yoshihara Jiro

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