Personalized Medicine, Pharmacogenomics, and the Practice of Psychiatry: On the Threshold of Predictive Therapeutics in Psychopharmacology?

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen M. Stahl
Keyword(s):  
Personalized Medicine ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
Selection Of

Personalizing medicine by understanding the unique properties of each patient's genome has the potential of predicting what drug to prescribe for that individual. This approach has already proven useful for several drugs in medicine and promises to become a strategy for selection of therapeutics in psychiatry soon. Understanding some of the key concepts, strategies, and advances in the field of pharmacogenomics can set the stage for adapting emerging findings to the practice of psychopharmacology.

scholarly journals Information psychological war as discursive practice on the pages of fiction

2019 ◽  
pp. 57-71
Author(s):  
Ada Alexandrovna Bernatskaya
Keyword(s):  
Social Criticism ◽  
Discursive Practice ◽  
Material Object ◽  
Discursive Practices ◽  
Cultural Phenomenon ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
Philosophical Aspect ◽  
Object Of Study ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Selection Of

The purpose of the article is to outline the specifics of the discourse of information psychological war on the material of fiction.As a result of consistent interpretation of the key concepts as the basis of the linguo-philosophical aspect of the study, it is concluded that information psychological war as a socio-and linguo-cultural phenomenon responds to all the features and categories of discourse. The object of this research consists in the implementation of the information psychological war subtype, the dominant attribute of which is the material / object of study (a combination of aesthetic function with a number of social ones) and the content heterogeneity of the text as a condition for the potential realization of any discourses in it. The author raises an is sue about the scientific and ethical pro and contra of the research of fiction from the information psychological war perspective. The conclusion is made about the necessity of introducing the factor of “degree” of confrontation / struggle and, accordingly, the study of the fiction for the individual symptoms / features of information psychological war.The conditions and criteria for their establishment in specific practices are formulated.The article presents the targets of information psychological war in the discursive practices studied earlier by the author.In conclusion, the criteria for the selection of fiction texts in the aspect of information psychological war and the criteria for distinguishing information psychological war symptoms from social criticism are summarized.

scholarly journals SCIENTIFIC-PRACTICAL AND LEGAL PROBLEMS OF IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PERSONALIZED MEDICINE

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 229-233
Author(s):  
N O Bezdieniezhnykh ◽  
V V Reznikova ◽  
O V Rossylna
Keyword(s):  
Personalized Medicine ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Legal Issues ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Healthcare It ◽  
Scientific Practical ◽  
Selection Of

The article is devoted to the comprehensive analysis of scientific, practical and legal issues of personalized medicine that is a rapidly developing science-driven approach to healthcare. It is concluded that there is lack of general legal framework for the encouragement of scientific researches and practical implementation in this field. The article shows foreign experience and prospects for the introduction of personalized medicine as a key concept of healthcare system, which is based on a selection of diagnostic, therapeutic and preventive measures that would be the most effective for a particular person in view of individual characteristics. The conclusions and proposals to improve the current legislation and development of personalized medicine in Ukraine are suggested.

scholarly journals Conceptual features of the French military song discourse (corpus-based study)

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 13-27
Author(s):  
Evgeniya A. Solovyeva
Keyword(s):  
Probability Distribution ◽  
Conceptual Structure ◽  
Contextual Analysis ◽  
Distribution Law ◽  
Military Discourse ◽  
French Military ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
Integral Element ◽  
The Military ◽  
Selection Of

This paper presents a corpus-based empirical research, which uncovers the key concepts structuring the French military song discourse. We view this type of discourse as an integral element of military discourse containing institutional and non-institutional segments. The actualization of statutory relationships is the most striking example of institutionalization. Therefore, we have started our research from the hypothesis that the officially regulated (statutory) and less regulated parts of the military song discourse may manifest some conceptual differences. The selection of this subject is determined by its contribution to understanding the French military's cultural peculiarities, as well as by the lack of exploitations regarding the French military song discourse. Within the contemporary cognitive paradigm, the designatum is regarded as a pointer to the concept, which allows grasping a concept globally, without reconstructing its elements. Thus, the analysis of lexemes frequency may serve to identify the inherent concepts structuring some kind of discourse. Using a freely distributed textometric platform TXM (version 0.7.9), we have created a linguistic corpus of 462 texts of French service songs totaling 88305 tokens. Then, we have divided our corpus into two parts, depending on the statutory belonging of the texts. The statistical scores were calculated by applying the hypergeometric probability distribution law. The analysis of statistically significant lemmas has permitted to draw the lexical profile of each part and to identify thereby the most specific concepts. Moreover, we have complemented our research by routine frequency and contextual analysis in order to reveal the additional basic background concepts. Our study leads us to the conclusion that the French military song discourse foregrounds 8 main concepts, but the conceptual structure of each part reveals some differences due to the specifics of the institutional requirements and the military ethos.

scholarly journals ScanBious: Survey for Obesity Genes Using PubMed Abstracts and DisGeNET

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 246
Author(s):  
Svetlana Tarbeeva ◽  
Ekaterina Lyamtseva ◽  
Andrey Lisitsa ◽  
Anna Kozlova ◽  
Elena Ponomarenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Text Mining ◽  
Personalized Medicine ◽  
Intercellular Signaling ◽  
Web Tool ◽  
Medical Subject Heading ◽  
Physiological Conditions ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
General Network ◽  
Obesity Genes ◽  
Automatic Text

We used automatic text-mining of PubMed abstracts of papers related to obesity, with the aim of revealing that the information used in abstracts reflects the current understanding and key concepts of this widely explored problem. We compared expert data from DisGeNET to the results of an automated MeSH (Medical Subject Heading) search, which was performed by the ScanBious web tool. The analysis provided an overview of the obesity field, highlighting major trends such as physiological conditions, age, and diet, as well as key well-studied genes, such as adiponectin and its receptor. By intersecting the DisGeNET knowledge with the ScanBious results, we deciphered four clusters of obesity-related genes. An initial set of 100+ thousand abstracts and 622 genes was reduced to 19 genes, distributed among just a few groups: heredity, inflammation, intercellular signaling, and cancer. Rapid profiling of articles could drive personalized medicine: if the disease signs of a particular person were superimposed on a general network, then it would be possible to understand which are non-specific (observed in cohorts and, therefore, most likely have known treatment solutions) and which are less investigated, and probably represent a personalized case.

scholarly journals Multidimensional Biology as the Basis of Personalized Medicine and Medicine of the XXI Century

2018 ◽  
pp. 46-51
Author(s):  
Maria Grunina ◽  
Mikhail Liabin
Keyword(s):  
Personalized Medicine ◽  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Main Direction ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Genomic Level ◽  
Level 2 ◽  
Selection Of

The review describes key branches of medicine of the XXI century. The authors describe the main direction to provide progress in current medicine: the transition from classical clinical diagnosis to personalized one (1); testing human predisposition to various diseases at the genomic level (2); and selection of individual drugs and treatment regimens, its monitoring, through the use of biomarkers (3). The mechanisms of action of various directions of multidimensional biology in specialized medicine are considered.

scholarly journals Personalized medicine: current status and prospects

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Nasadyuk ◽  
O. Sklyarov
Keyword(s):  
Personalized Medicine ◽  
Precision Medicine ◽  
Personalized Therapy ◽  
Individualized Treatment ◽  
Actual Data ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Modern View ◽  
Immunotherapy Of Cancer ◽  
Selection Of

The article presents modern view at the personalized (precision) medicine and discusses the role of genome, glycobiome, microbiome studies in the selection of individualized treatment. Actual data on the options of target immunotherapy of cancer are presented. Up-to-date feasibility of personalized therapy and perspectives for its development are considered.

scholarly journals Pregnane X Receptor (PXR) Polymorphisms and Cancer Treatment

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1142
Author(s):  
Aikaterini Skandalaki ◽  
Panagiotis Sarantis ◽  
Stamatios Theocharis
Keyword(s):  
Personalized Medicine ◽  
Nuclear Receptors ◽  
Antineoplastic Agents ◽  
Pregnane X Receptor ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽  
Drug Metabolizing Enzymes ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Drugs ◽  
Metabolizing Enzymes ◽  
And Personalized Medicine ◽  
Selection Of

Pregnane X Receptor (PXR) belongs to the nuclear receptors’ superfamily and mainly functions as a xenobiotic sensor activated by a variety of ligands. PXR is widely expressed in normal and malignant tissues. Drug metabolizing enzymes and transporters are also under PXR’s regulation. Antineoplastic agents are of particular interest since cancer patients are characterized by significant intra-variability to treatment response and severe toxicities. Various PXR polymorphisms may alter the function of the protein and are linked with significant effects on the pharmacokinetics of chemotherapeutic agents and clinical outcome variability. The purpose of this review is to summarize the roles of PXR polymorphisms in the metabolism and pharmacokinetics of chemotherapeutic drugs. It is also expected that this review will highlight the importance of PXR polymorphisms in selection of chemotherapy, prediction of adverse effects and personalized medicine.

Development of the CCRU kit squad: Centralization of biospecimen “kit” management.

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (30_suppl) ◽  
pp. 295-295
Author(s):  
Vanessa Speers
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Personalized Medicine ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Online Service ◽  
Nursing Time ◽  
Software Training ◽  
Disease Site ◽  
The Right ◽  
Selection Of

295 Background: Personalized medicine has resulted in a rapid increase in biospecimens collection. Each biospecimen collected requires supplies that are provided in the form of “kits”. The number of kit types per protocol ranges anywhere from 2-60, with an average of 30 different kit types per trial. Historically, each trials nurse has managed their own kits resulting in large amounts of nursing time being spent on kit management. Kits took up a large amount of space in clinical areas, including expired kits, and they were being managed in no standardized fashion. Due to rapidly increasing biospecimen volumes, existing methods of kit management were no longer feasible and the CCRU Kit Squad was developed. Methods: Over the course of 12-mos, an extensive assessment of current kit management practices were reviewed with all disease site groups, including workflows and quantities utilized. An e-commerce software platform was selected, and semi-customized to centralize online ordering and receiving of kits, and the creation of a central location was setup for kit storage and daily operations. On-boarding of each group included retrieving existing kits from each nurse, uploading kits to the software, training each nurse to use the software, setting up accounts with each respective vendor for deliveries and re-supply, and disposing of expired kits. Results: Disease site groups were transitioned to the CCRU Kit Squad stepwise from Oct 2016 to Dec 2017 (15-mos), which included 80 nurses, 16 disease site groups, and over 400 clinical trials. By the end of 2017, the average number of kits ordered per day, and per month were 33 and 1003, respectively. Conclusions: The CCRU Kit Squad developed a centralized online service for kit management, thereby reducing administrative burden on clinical trial nurses. It has streamlined the management of biospecimen kits, eliminated wasted space in clinical areas, and facilitated the selection of the right kit for the right test at the right time.

Feminist Theory, Feminist Psychology: A Bibliography of Epistemology, Critical Analysis, and Applications

1989 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 477-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Crawford ◽  
Jeanne Marecek
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Philosophy Of Science ◽  
Feminist Theory ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Social Constructionist ◽  
Feminist Studies ◽  
New Ways Of Working ◽  
The Third ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
Selection Of

A selection of recent (post-1980) works on feminist theory and method, this bibliography includes literature from psychology and other social sciences, feminist studies, and philosophy of science. The first of its four sections concerns epistemology and metatheory. The second lists works that offer reformulations or critical analyses of key concepts in gender studies; many of these are grounded in social constructionist and feminist standpoint epistemologies. The third section cites writings that illustrate the potential of new epistemological stances or exemplify new ways of working. The last section lists related bibliographies. (232 entries.)

scholarly journals Personalized medicine in internal medicine

2017 ◽  
Vol 95 (3) ◽  
pp. 197-200
Author(s):  
V. G. Kukes ◽  
V. F. Marinin ◽  
Yu. V. Olefir ◽  
G. V. Ramenskaya ◽  
N. B. Lazareva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cytochrome P450 ◽  
Personalized Medicine ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Clinical Effectiveness ◽  
Dosing Regimen ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Individualized Approach ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Selection Of

Personalized medicine - a new direction in medicine, which is based on the study of various biomarkers and the use of new methods of molecular analysis (primarily evaluating the activity of isoenzymes of cytochrome P450), allowing individualized approach to the selection of both the drugs and the selection of the dosing regimen for the purpose of maximize the effectiveness and safety of pharmacotherapy. This personalized medicine is to change the development and use of preventive and curative interventions. Genetic polymorphism isozymes of cytochrome P450 may determine the individual activity of a particular isozyme, and thus, to predict the clinical effectiveness, and in some cases, the risk of adverse reactions. The article is an example of the use of information on the activity of cytochrome P450 in clinical practice in matters of diagnosis, treatment and prevention of diseases. The scheme of the five best-known activity of isoenzymes of cytochrome P450 is shown.

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