Aspetti psicosociali delle condotte suicidarie in Italia. Un'analisi trasversale e multivariata su dati aggregati

1993 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-24
Author(s):  
Paolo Crepet ◽  
Rocco Micciolo
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Principal Components ◽  
Suicide Rate ◽  
National Level ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Affective Psychosis ◽  
Suicide Rates ◽  
The People

SummaryObjective - To analyse suicide trends in Italy and to correlate suicide rates with psychosocial indicators. Design - Cross-sectional analysis of aggregate data at national level (1960-1990). Setting - Italy. Main outcome measures - Mortality rates (deaths for suicide, mental disorders and homicide), hospital admission rates (for schizophrenia, neurosis and affective psychosis), unemployment rates, alcohol consumption. Principal components of the correlation matrix calculated on the psychosocial indicators. Results - The study indicates that a slight increate in suicide rates has been recorded among males (+10,7%) but not among females. The regions with the highest suicide rate are the Northern ones (up to twice the national average). The age groups with the highest suicide risk are those over 70 years. In females and males over 65 between 1974 and 1989 the suicide rate rose by 70% and 77% respectively. Between 1978 and 1989, the suicide rate among the people in search of a first job rose by 25%, among the employed it rose by 35%, while among the people in search of a new job it rose by 594%. Correlation between admission and suicide rates shows negative figure both for affective psychosis and neurosis, wherelse the correlation with schizophrenia is positive. The correlation with death both by mental disorders and homicide is positive. The correlation with death both by mental disorders and homicide is positive. The correlation between suicide and alcohol consumption is negative, while that with unemployment is positive. Principal components analysis showed a first component, wich explained more then 60% of the general variation, highly correlated with suicide rates.

Inequalities and Impact of Socioeconomic-Cultural Factors in Suicide Rates Across Italy

Crisis ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 178-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurizio Pompili ◽  
Marco Innamorati ◽  
Monica Vichi ◽  
Maria Masocco ◽  
Nicola Vanacore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Rate ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Premature Death ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Italian Population ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Suicide Rates ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Age And Sex

Background: Suicide is a major cause of premature death in Italy and occurs at different rates in the various regions. Aims: The aim of the present study was to provide a comprehensive overview of suicide in the Italian population aged 15 years and older for the years 1980–2006. Methods: Mortality data were extracted from the Italian Mortality Database. Results: Mortality rates for suicide in Italy reached a peak in 1985 and declined thereafter. The different patterns observed by age and sex indicated that the decrease in the suicide rate in Italy was initially the result of declining rates in those aged 45+ while, from 1997 on, the decrease was attributable principally to a reduction in suicide rates among the younger age groups. It was found that socioeconomic factors underlined major differences in the suicide rate across regions. Conclusions: The present study confirmed that suicide is a multifaceted phenomenon that may be determined by an array of factors. Suicide prevention should, therefore, be targeted to identifiable high-risk sociocultural groups in each country.

scholarly journals Determinants of alcohol consumption and marijuana use among young adults in the Republic of Palau

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mizuki Sata ◽  
Renzhe Cui ◽  
Chifa Chiang ◽  
Singeru Travis Singeo ◽  
Berry Moon Watson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Marijuana Use ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Education Levels ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Republic Of Palau

Abstract Background This study aimed to describe the status of alcohol consumption and drug use among young adults as well as their determinants. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study of 356 young adults (aged 18 to 24 years) living in Palau in 2013. The prevalence of self-reported alcohol and marijuana usage were compared within and between sexes, age groups, ethnicities, and education levels. Results The proportion of current drinking was higher in people aged 21–24 than in those aged 18–20 (73.2% vs. 60.9%, p = 0.09 in men and 48.3% vs. 30.0%, p = 0.02 in women), while that of marijuana use did not differ between the age groups. The proportions of current drinking and marijuana use were higher in Palauan than in other ethnicities (current drinking: 70.6% vs. 40.6%, p = 0.005 in men and 38.8% vs. 16.6%, p = 0.04 in women; lifetime marijuana use: 80.0% vs. 52.9%, p = 0.02 in men and 56.1% vs. 30.6%, p = 0.09 in women). The proportion of frequent (3 times or more) marijuana users was higher for the lower educated than for the higher educated (62.5% vs. 32.1%, p < 0.001 in men and 33.9% vs. 24.4%, p = 0.12 in women). Conclusions Sex, age, ethnicity, and education were significant determinants of alcohol and marijuana use.

scholarly journals Tobacco and alcohol use, sexual behavior and common mental disorders among military students at the Police Academy, São Paulo, Brazil. A cross-sectional study

2015 ◽  
Vol 133 (3) ◽  
pp. 235-244
Author(s):  
Arlene de Maria Perez ◽  
Isabela Martins Benseñor
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Police Academy ◽  
First Year ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: The lifestyle of military personnel has been little studied in Brazil. This study evaluated the frequencies of tobacco and alcohol use, sexual behavior and mental health among military students.DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional study at the Police Academy, in São Paulo.METHODS: Students answered a questionnaire about tobacco use, alcohol consumption, sexual behavior and common mental disorders (CMDs). To analyze associations among the frequencies of smoking and alcohol use, sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and CMDs during the undergraduate years, we built a multinomial logistic regression model adjusted for age and sex.RESULTS: All 473 students were invited to participate and 430 (90.9%) agreed (10.5% were women). Most were white (76.6%), aged < 30 years, from the upper middle class (78.1%). The frequency of smoking was 6.5%, alcohol consumption 69.3%, STDs 14% and CMDs 15.6%. The use of condoms was low. Fourth-year students presented a lower odds ratio (OR) for STDs than the first-year students: 0.44 (95% confidence interval: 0.22-0.90). Third-year students presented a lower OR for CMDs than the first-year students.CONCLUSION: The frequencies of smoking and CMDs were low, while the frequency of alcohol consumption was similar to that of the Brazilian population. The use of condoms was low, in comparison with previous studies with similar samples. The results suggest that there was a certain degree of protection against CMDs and STDs during the undergraduate years.

scholarly journals Cataract among elderly in Sri Lanka

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.A. Nilanga Nishad ◽  
S.A. Hewage ◽  
K. Arulmoly ◽  
M.S. Amaratunge ◽  
J de Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Screening Programme ◽  
National Level ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Younger Age

AbstractOut of 39 billion people who are blind around the world, 20 billion (51.3%) is due to cataract, which is preventable. This study intended to assess the prevalence and factors associated with cataract among elderly in a divisional secretariat area in Sri Lanka. This community based cross sectional study assessed randomly selected470 adults over 60 years of age. Diagnosis of cataract was made by a slit lamp examination by medical officers, and classified according to Oxford Lens Opacity Classification system (LOCS III). Majority was between 60-69 age groups and 71% was females. The prevalence of cataract was estimated to be 80.6% including operated eye and 73.6% excluding the operated eye, with a female preponderance in lower age categories. Commonest type of cataract was the nuclear type (n=422; 44.9%), with a majority in grade 2 (218; 23.2%). The prevalence of cataract surgery in the diseased population was as low as 7%. Cataract leading to blindness is very prevalent among adults over 60 years of age in the studied area. Females tend to develop the disease at an early age than males. These findings warrant screening programme for elderly at community level, targeting females at a younger age than males. Future studies are recommended to assess the coverage and barriers for cataract surgeries at national level, which would be immensely useful in planning and improving health services.

scholarly journals BLOOD PRESSURE PROFILES AMONG EAST BONGAS AND WEST BONGAS PEOPLE IN EFFORT AND SUPPORT FROM UNIVERSITAS PADJADJARAN AND THE REGENT OF MAJALENGKA REGENCY AND CHIEVES OF THE VILLAGES

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 215
Author(s):  
Diah Dhianawaty D. ◽  
Henhen Heryaman ◽  
Mas Rizky Anggun Adipurna Syamsunarno
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Pressure Profile ◽  
Joint National Committee ◽  
National Committee ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
The People ◽  
Pressure Profiles

Objective: To support the people in East Bongas and West Bongas villages to prevent and treatment the hypertension disease.Methods: This was a cross-sectional design while the subjects were taken by a simple random sampling. A total of 323 families were included, and blood pressure of the male and female subjects aged between 18 to 65 y was measured and had been given a question relating to their blood pressure.Results: The blood pressure profile was classified based on the seventh report of the Joint National Committee (JNC 7). The youngest male and female participants of pre-hypertension were 18 and 22 y, respectively. The normal blood pressure, pre-hypertension, hypertension stage-1, and hypertension stage-2 were 34.3%, 49.5%, 12.1%, and 4.1%, respectively. Prevalence of patients with hypertension based on the age groups 30-39, 40-49, 50-59, and 60-69 y were 6.8%, 15.6%, 33.9%, and 37.3%, respectively. Prevalence of patients with hypertension in male was 16.8%, the female was 15.7%, and the total of both were 16.2%. Prevalence based on gender showed that those who had information about hypertension in male was 46.8%, the female was 47.9%, and the total of both were 47.4%. Prevalence of hypertension patients increased, for a male was 8.9%, the female was 8.2%, and the total of both were 8.5% after the participants declared that they were not hypertension patients.Conclusion: In both villages occurred an increase of hypertension prevalence. Based on this information, the people in two villages should be given the appropriate knowledge and awareness regarding hypertension.

Spatial regularity in suicides and alcohol psychoses in Belarus

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-64
Author(s):  
Yury E. Razvodovsky ◽  
Sergey V. Kandrychyn
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Suicide Rate ◽  
Spatial Relationship ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Suicide Mortality ◽  
Epidemiological Evidence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Regional Variations ◽  
Spatial Regularity ◽  
Consumption Rates

Objective. Epidemiological evidence suggests that rates of suicide mortality vary noticeably between the regions in Belarus with the regular spatial pattern in suicide distribution. The present study considers the effect of regional alcohol consumption as a factor responsible for regional variations in suicide rates. Methods. The cross-sectional time series analysis of suicide and alcohol psychoses (as a proxy for alcohol consumption) rates by the regions of Belarus between 1990 and 2010 was made. Results. In general, the regional variations of suicide and alcohol psychoses incidence rates have a similar spatial regularity, meaning that the regions with a high suicide rate also have a high alcohol psychoses incidence rate. Conclusions. The findings on spatial relationship between suicide and alcohol psychoses incidence rates seem to support the hypothesis that considers the regional pattern of alcohol consumption as a factor responsible for suicide rate regional variations.

scholarly journals Lifetime and 1-Month Prevalence of Mental Disorders in Hebei Province, China: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Long Sun ◽  
Yunshu Zhang ◽  
Lijun Cui ◽  
Jianfeng Li ◽  
Lin Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
National Level ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hebei Province ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Community Residents ◽  
Axis I ◽  
High Level

Background: The prevalence of mental disorders is an important topic, which has been reported in different countries in the world. In China, some studies were also conducted to get the prevalence of mental disorders at the national level and in some metropolitan cities. However, the prevalence of mental disorders in Chinese underdeveloped provinces has not been reported internationally in recent decades. Due to the discrepancy in the social-economic development of different Chinese provinces, we also have reasons to believe the different prevalence of mental disorders between underdeveloped provinces and other provinces.Method: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among community residents aged 18 years and older in Hebei province, China. We screened 20,884 community residents in this study, and a Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-IV) Axis I disorders was used to make the diagnoses of mental disorders.Results: The weighted lifetime prevalence of mental disorders was 15.87% (95% CI 15.38–16.38%), and the 1-month prevalence was 10.79% (95% CI 10.37–11.22%). Anxiety disorder ranked first in the classification of mental disorders for both lifetime (6.56%) and 1-month prevalence (6.25%). The weighted lifetime and 1-month region–gender–age-specific prevalence of mental disorders was also analyzed in this study.Conclusions: Mental disorders have been an important issue in Chinese economically underdeveloped regions, and the prevalence was at a high level compared with the results in the 2000s. There are several serious challenges in the work of Chinese mental disorders, which should be paid more attention to.

scholarly journals COVID-19 Lockdown 2020 Changed Patterns of Alcohol and Cannabis Use in Swiss Elite Athletes and Bodybuilders: Results From an Online Survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Imboden ◽  
Malte Christian Claussen ◽  
Samuel Iff ◽  
Boris B. Quednow ◽  
Erich Seifritz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Elite Athletes ◽  
National Level ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Patient Health ◽  
Daily Training

Objectives: During the COVID-19 pandemic, increased patterns of substance use have been reported in the general population. However, whether this also applies to athletes is not yet clear. This study aimed to detect changes in alcohol consumption and cannabis use in elite athletes and bodybuilders during the first COVID-19 lockdown in Switzerland.Methods: Between April 25 and May 25, 2020, a cross-sectional online survey was conducted among bodybuilders and Swiss elite athletes who were active in Olympic sports and disciplines approved by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) on at least the national level. The collected data included information on alcohol and cannabis use during the last month (lockdown) and in the year before COVID-19 lockdown (pre-lockdown), daily training times, existential fears on a scale from 1 to 100, Patient Health Questionnaire-9 for depression (PHQ-9), Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI).Results:N = 275 athletes (elite athletes: n = 193; bodybuilders: n = 82) was included in this study. Both pre-lockdown and during lockdown, more bodybuilders used cannabis (both time points: p &lt; 0.001) than elite athletes, and more elite athletes drank alcohol (pre-lockdown: p = 0.005, lockdown: p = 0.002) compared to bodybuilders. During lockdown, fewer athletes drank alcohol compared to before, but those who continued drinking did so on more days per week (p &lt; 0.001, Eta2 = 0.13). Elite athletes were more likely to increase their drinking with 17.7 vs. 8.2% in bodybuilders. When compared to pre-lockdown measures, the number of athletes using cannabis did not change during lockdown. Only three of 203 elite athletes reported using cannabis during lockdown; this contrasts with 16 of 85 bodybuilders. In a multivariate regression model, existential fears and a lower ISI score were significant predictors for increased alcohol consumption during the lockdown in the entire sample. In a model based on elite athletes only, male sex and a lower ISI score predicted increased alcohol consumption. In a bodybuilder-based model, predictors of increased alcohol consumption were existential fears and trait anxiety.Conclusion: We suggest identifying athletes who are at risk for increased alcohol and cannabis use; we suggest this to be able to professionally support them during stressful times, such as the COVID-19 pandemic.

scholarly journals UNDERSTANDING ADOPTION FACTORS OF SUBSCRIPTION BASED ENTERTAINMENT SERVICES AMONG CONSUMERS IN INDIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 795-809
Author(s):  
Tanya Khatri
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Preferences ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Customer Acquisition ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Systematic Random Sampling ◽  
The People ◽  
Streaming Services ◽  
Quantitative Descriptive ◽  
Gen X

The market of subscription-based entertainment services in India has grown in the last few years, due to the changing lifestyle, preferences and the deluge of choices that are there for the customers. There has been a substantial increase in Customer acquisition especially in paid streaming video, music and gaming subscriptions.  People are adding new services to have access to new and diversified content which is more personalized and offer them a more enriching experience. The market for subscription model-based entertainment services in India has seen growing trends and offers an opportunity to understand the consumer preferences better. A trend in Indian customers has shown the preference of streaming services over buying or downloading it. The objective of this paper is to identify the factors influencing the subscribing intention of the entertainment services in India. In this paper, quantitative descriptive cross-sectional research design has been used, a hundred and fifty-four people were chosen through a systematic random sampling technique from different demographics. The people were categorised into different age groups such as Gen-Z (14-23 years), Millennials (24-37 years) and Gen-X (38-54 years) and then their preferences were studied based on their answers in survey questionnaire. Along with age there were other demographic factors that were taken into consideration to draw the conclusions. In general, descriptive results show that the interviewed consumers have subscribed to these channels and the consumer base for these services is here to stay.  

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document