Psychological and Family Factors Associated with Suicidal Ideation in Pre-Adolescents

To assess the psychological and family factors associated with suicidal ideation in pre-adolescent children, we studied a sample of 361 students, average age 9 years old. Two groups were formed, on the basis of the presence (n = 34) or absence (n = 44) of suicidal ideation. Suicidal ideation was assessed with the Children's Depression Inventory and the Children's Depression Rating Scale-Revised. Depression, hopelessness, self-esteem, and perceived family environment were compared in both the suicidal ideation and the control groups. Students with suicidal ideation generally presented greater depressive symptoms and hopelessness, and lower self-esteem and family expressiveness, although there were differences both between sexes, and when the variable depression was controlled. Identifying these risk factors in pre-adolescents may have an impact on prevention of suicidal behavior at higher risk ages.

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Factors Associated with Depression Severity in Adolescence

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.2219 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 41 (S1) ◽

pp. S224-S224

Author(s):

G. Serra ◽

M.P. Casini ◽

V. Maggiore ◽

R.J. Baldessarini ◽

S. Vicari

Keyword(s):

Suicidal Ideation ◽

Mood Disorder ◽

Rating Scale ◽

Severe Depression ◽

Suicidal Behaviors ◽

Depression Severity ◽

Major Depressive ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Manic Symptoms ◽

Children’S Depression

IntroductionSevere depression is greatly impairing during adolescence and involves a high risk for suicidal behaviors.Objectives and aimsIdentify clinical and demographic factors associated with severity of depression in adolescents diagnosed with a major mood disorder so as to improve clinical treatment and prevent suicidal behaviors.MethodsWe analyzed factors associated with depression severity in 145 severely ill adolescents diagnosed with a major affective disorder using the K-SADS (Kiddie-Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia) at the Mood Disorder Outpatient Program of Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital (Rome). Depressive and manic symptoms were rated with the CDRS-R (Children's Depression Rating Scale-Revised) and K-SADS-MRS (Mania Rating Scale), respectively. Bivariate comparisons were followed by multivariable linear regression modeling.ResultsDepression severity was greater among females than males (mean CDRS scores: 53.0 vs. 42.8; P < 0.0001) and with major depressive versus bipolar disorder diagnosis (50.4 vs. 45.4; P = 0.001). Manic symptoms, including irritability, mood lability, crowded thoughts, delusions, and insomnia, were more likely with more severe depression; their number and severity correlated with CDRS-R total score (respectively, β = 1.53 and 5.44;both P < 0.0001). Factors independently and significantly associated with CDRS-R depression score in multivariate modeling were:– presence of suicidal ideation;– absence of ADHD;– female sex;– greater number of manic symptoms.ConclusionsSevere depression was associated with manic symptoms and with suicidal ideation among adolescents diagnosed with either bipolar or major depressive disorders. This relationship should be considered in treatment planning and suicide prevention, including consideration of mood-stabilizing and antimanic agents in the treatment of severe adolescent depression.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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Hospital Readmission in Patients With COVID-19

10.21203/rs.3.rs-658872/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Neda Rahimian ◽

Mahshid Heidari ◽

Nahid Hashemi-Madani ◽

Nader Tavakoli ◽

Moammad E Khamseh

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Hospital Readmission ◽

Underlying Disease ◽

Control Groups ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Infection Age ◽

Discharge Plan ◽

Matched Case ◽

And Control ◽

Control Study

Abstract Objective: During the COVID-19 pandemic, the demand for hospital beds has exceeded substantially. Thus, we aimed to conduct this study to identify factors associated with the risk of readmission in order to introduce the best discharge plan for patients with high risk of hospital readmission. Method: This is a multicenter, case-control study included 1357 patients hospitalized with COVID-19 infection. Age-sex-matched case and control groups were paired at 1:2 ratios. COVID-19 readmission rate was assessed. Moreover, Logistic regression analysis was applied to determine the factors associated with readmission. Results: Of the 1357 patients, 99 (7.29%) subjects were readmitted. The most common cause of readmission was respiratory distress. The median (IQR) of the interval between hospital discharge and the second admission was 5 (2-16) days. Upon adjusting with the main risk factors, having at least one underlying disease and being treated with the corticosteroid (GC) were significantly associated with a higher rate of readmission (OR: 2.76, 95% CI :1.30- 5.87) and (OR:8.24, 95% CI :3.72- 18.22), respectively.Conclusion: Identification of Risk factors of COVID 19 readmission will improve resource utilization and patient care.

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Risk Factors for Suicidal Ideation and Self-Harm among Undergraduate Students in a Private University in Ogun State, Nigeria

African Journal of Health, Nursing and Midwifery ◽

10.52589/ajhnm-02imttgx ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (6) ◽

pp. 29-42

Author(s):

Johnson F.A. ◽

Ogunsanmi L. ◽

Ayokanmi I.

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Suicidal Ideation ◽

Young People ◽

Significant Relationship ◽

Suicide Ideation ◽

Rating Scale ◽

Intrapersonal Factors ◽

Factors Influencing ◽

Point Rating Scale ◽

Self Harm

Background: Today, the most prevalent and the leading cause of death among young people is suicide. Worldwide, suicide accounts for an estimated 6% of all deaths among young people. The study examined the various risk factors for suicidal ideation and self-harm amongst Babcock University undergraduates. Method: Descriptive survey research design was utilized with a multistage sampling technique to select 398 undergraduates. The instrument for data collection was a semi-structured questionnaire that sought information on the environmental, social, and intrapersonal factors influencing suicide ideation and self-harm. Results were presented via means and percentages for descriptive statistics; correlation and regression were used to determine the associations between suicidal ideation and the risk factors. Ethical clearance was sought from Babcock University Health Research Ethics Committee. Results: The distribution of participants showed that 46.0% (183) were males while 54.0% (215) were females. Environmental factors influencing suicidal ideation were computed and measured on a 21-point rating scale with a mean ± SD of 13.38±3.458. The respondents' mean ± SD for the social factors measured on a 27-point rating scale was 17.15±5.772. Correlation analysis showed that suicide ideation had a statistically significant relationship with gender (p<0.01), parents' spousal relationship (p<0.01), environmental (p<0.01), social (p<0.01), and intrapersonal factors (p<0.01). Self-harm had a significant relationship with parents' relationship (p<0.01), environmental (p<0.01), social (p<0.01) and intrapersonal factors (p<0.01). However, the practice of self-harm was not different across the two genders (p = 0.170). Conclusion: Suicidal behaviors have been seen to be a serious public health concern. The prevention and intervention programs of suicide and self-harm should consider the particular characteristics of adolescent suicide and self-harm. This should include social transmission and recognition of mental health disorders.

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S51. ANALYSIS OF SOCIAL COGNITION AS A PREDICTIVE FACTOR OF PSYCHOSIS IN 22Q11 DELETION SYNDROME (DS). DATA FROM THE MULTICENTER STUDY OF THE ITALIAN NETWORK FOR RESEARCH ON PSYCHOSES

Schizophrenia Bulletin ◽

10.1093/schbul/sbaa031.117 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 46 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. S52-S52

Author(s):

Tommaso Accinni ◽

Marianna Frascarelli ◽

Antonino Buzzanca ◽

Luca Carlone ◽

Francesco Ghezzi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Social Cognition ◽

Rating Scale ◽

Self Esteem ◽

Deletion Syndrome ◽

Control Group ◽

Control Groups ◽

Group Score ◽

Social Inference ◽

Inference Test ◽

And Control

Abstract Background 22q11DS is the most important genetic risk factor for schizophrenia: up to 28% of these subjects develop psychosis in adulthood. At present this syndrome represents the strongest biological model to investigate neurobiological underpinnings of schizophrenia. We expected Theory of Mind impairments in subjects at risk for psychosis (22q11DS) and more severe impairments in subjects with an established psychotic disorder. Furthermore we sought to investigate eventual correlations between social cognition and self-esteem levels, hypothesizing that both would be impaired in psychotic groups. Methods Data come from Italian Network for Research on Psychoses for the Schizophrenic (SCZ, N=260) and Control groups (HC, N=111). 22q11DS psychotic (22q11DS_SCZ, N=17) and non-psychotic patients (22q11DS, N=46) were enrolled at Policlinico Umberto I, in Rome. The Awareness and Social Inference Test (TASIT) and Self-Esteem Rating Scale (SERS) were administered. Results The three main TASIT variables, Emotion Recognition, Minimal Social Inference and Enriched Social Inference, showed no different scores between the three clinical groups, which were significantly lower respect to the control group. The SERS total score showed no significant differences between clinical groups but was for all three significantly lower than control group score. No significant correlation was observed between SERS and TASIT scores for clinical groups. Discussion Social Cognition impairments are present in 22q11DS at the same extent as in idiopathic schizophrenia, and thus they represent an endophenotype of psychosis. A low Self-Esteem, even though associated to psychosis, does not affect neurocognitive process, impaired on a neurobiological basis.

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Factors Associated With Adolescents' Suicidal Ideation: Focus on Self-Esteem and Depression as Mediators

Korean Journal of Human Ecology ◽

10.5934/kjhe.2007.16.3.505 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

pp. 505-522 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Byung-Kum Park

Keyword(s):

Suicidal Ideation ◽

Self Esteem ◽

Factors Associated

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Risk factors for suicidality in Huntington disease

Neurology ◽

10.1212/wnl.0000000000007244 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 92 (14) ◽

pp. e1643-e1651 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Andrew McGarry ◽

Michael P. McDermott ◽

Karl Kieburtz ◽

Wai Lun Alan Fung ◽

Elizabeth McCusker ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Clinical Trials ◽

Suicidal Ideation ◽

Suicide Attempt ◽

Huntington Disease ◽

Rating Scale ◽

Cag Repeat ◽

Secondary Outcome ◽

Outcome Variable ◽

Controlled Clinical Trial

ObjectiveMost suicidality literature in Huntington disease (HD) is based on natural history studies or retrospective reviews, but reports on risk factors from clinical trials are limited.MethodsWe analyzed 609 participants from 2CARE, a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial with up to 5 years of follow-up, for risk factors related to suicidality. The primary outcome variable was the time from randomization until the first occurrence of either suicidal ideation or attempt. We also considered time from randomization until the first suicide attempt as a secondary outcome variable.ResultsDepression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, antidepressant or anxiolytic use, and prior suicide attempt at baseline were associated with time to ideation or attempt. Baseline employment status, marital status, CAG repeat length, tetrabenazine use, and treatment assignment (coenzyme Q10 or placebo) were not associated with suicidality. Time-dependent variables from the Unified Huntington's Disease Rating Scale Behavioral Assessment were associated with time to suicidal ideation or attempt, driven mainly by items related to depressed mood, low self-esteem/guilt, anxiety, suicidal thoughts, irritability, and compulsions. Variables associated with time to suicide attempt alone were generally similar.ConclusionThese data suggest psychiatric comorbidities in HD are predictive of suicidal behavior while participating in clinical trials, reinforcing the importance of clinical surveillance and treatment towards lessening risk during participation and perhaps beyond. Designing a composite algorithm for early prediction of suicide attempts in HD may be of value, particularly given anticipated trials aimed at disease modification are likely to be long-term.Clinicaltrials.gov identifierNCT00608881.

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VIOLENT EVENTS REPORTED BY NORMAL URBAN SCHOOL-AGED CHILDREN: CHARACTERISTICS AND DEPRESSION CORRELATES

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.94.4.531 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 94 (4) ◽

pp. 531-531

Author(s):

Linda N. Freeman ◽

Hartmut Mokros ◽

Elva O Poznanski

Keyword(s):

Inner City ◽

Rating Scale ◽

Emotional Health ◽

Urban School ◽

Self Esteem ◽

Emotional Disturbances ◽

Children’S Depression ◽

History Of ◽

Sum Scores ◽

Violent Events

Objective: This paper reports data on the prevalence of morbid thoughts of death or injury and the experiences of violence for a sample of 6 to 12 year old urban school children and examines the relationship of these thoughts and experiences to the child's emotional health. Method: Fifty-seven of the sample of 223 children who attended the same inner-city school described violent events occurring to themselves, a relative or friend. All children were interviewed and assessed on the Children's Depression Rating Scale-Revised (CDRS-R). Results: Significantly higher CDRS-R sum scores, indicating the presence of suspected depression or of clinical concern, were recorded for the 57 children reporting experiences with violence. As well, the subgroup of 57 children were significantly more distressed by specific symptoms of low self-esteem, weeping, and worries about death or injury. Conclusions: Finding so many children reporting violent events occurring in their homes and community and that these children's experiences of violence were associated with emotional disturbances such as depression, dysphoric mood, low self-esteem, and excessive fears and worries about death or injury suggests the need for routine examination of the history of exposure to violence in the evaluation of inner-city children.

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Risk factors for suicidal ideation and suicide attempt among medical students: A meta-analysis

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0261785 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (12) ◽

pp. e0261785

Author(s):

Chanhee Seo ◽

Christina Di Carlo ◽

Selina Xiangxu Dong ◽

Karine Fournier ◽

Kay-Anne Haykal

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Mental Illness ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Medical Students ◽

Suicidal Ideation ◽

Suicide Attempt ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Significant Risk ◽

Individual Risk ◽

Factors Associated

Background Medical training poses significant challenge to medical student wellbeing. With the alarming trend of trainee burnout, mental illness, and suicide, previous studies have reported potential risk factors associated with suicidal behaviours among medical students. The objective of this study is to provide a systematic overview of risk factors for suicidal ideation (SI) and suicide attempt (SA) among medical students and summarize the overall risk associated with each risk factor using a meta-analytic approach. Methods Systemic search of six electronic databases including MEDLINE, Embase, Education Source, Scopus, PsycInfo, and CINAHL was performed from database inception to March 19, 2021. Studies reporting original quantitative or epidemiological data on risk factors associated with SI and SA among undergraduate medical students were included. When two or more studies reported outcome on the same risk factor, a random-effects inverse variance meta-analysis was performed to estimate the overall effect size. Results Of 4,053 articles identified, 25 studies were included. Twenty-two studies reported outcomes on SI risk factors only, and three studies on both SI and SA risk factors. Meta-analysis was performed on 25 SI risk factors and 4 SA risk factors. Poor mental health outcomes including depression (OR 6.87; 95% CI [4.80–9.82] for SI; OR 9.34 [4.18–20.90] for SA), burnout (OR 6.29 [2.05–19.30] for SI), comorbid mental illness (OR 5.08 [2.81–9.18] for SI), and stress (OR 3.72 [1.39–9.94] for SI) presented the strongest risk for SI and SA among medical students. Conversely, smoking cigarette (OR 1.92 [0.94–3.92]), family history of mental illness (OR 1.79 [0.86–3.74]) and suicidal behaviour (OR 1.38 [0.80–2.39]) were not significant risk factors for SI, while stress (OR 3.25 [0.59–17.90]), female (OR 3.20 [0.95–10.81]), and alcohol use (OR 1.41 [0.64–3.09]) were not significant risk factors for SA among medical students. Conclusions Medical students face a number of personal, environmental, and academic challenges that may put them at risk for SI and SA. Additional research on individual risk factors is needed to construct effective suicide prevention programs in medical school.

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Variation of psychological and anthropometrics measures before and after dieting and factors associated with body dissatisfaction and quality of life in a Lebanese clinical sample

BMC Psychology ◽

10.1186/s40359-021-00691-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Chadia Haddad ◽

Maha Zakhour ◽

Hala Sacre ◽

Nicole Eid ◽

Georgie Wehbé ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Body Dissatisfaction ◽

Perceived Stress ◽

Rating Scale ◽

Short Form ◽

Self Esteem ◽

Psychological States ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Before And After

Abstract Objective The primary objective of this study was to assess a change in the psychological states (stress, self-esteem, anxiety and depression), anthropometric measurements and physical/mental quality of life before and after diet in a sample of Lebanese subjects visiting a diet clinic. The secondary objectives included the evaluation of factors associated with body dissatisfaction, mental and physical quality of life (QOL) before the intervention of the diet program and the change in quality of life after this intervention among those participants. Methods This cross-sectional study, conducted between May and August 2018, enrolled 62 participants recruited from three diet clinics. The QOL was measured using the 12-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-12) and the psychological states was measured using the following scales: The Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale, Perceived Stress Scale, Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale. Results A significant reduction in body dissatisfaction, anxiety, waist, weight and body fat and a significant increase in the physical and mental quality of life was seen after diet compared to before it (p < 0.001 for all). No significant variation in perceived stress (p = 0.072), self-esteem (p = 0.885), and depression (p = 0.353) after diet were found. Higher BMI (β = 0.440) and higher anxiety (β = 0.132) were associated with higher body dissatisfaction scores, whereas higher self-esteem (β = − 0.818) was significantly associated with lower body dissatisfaction. Higher perceived stress (β = − 0.711), higher body dissatisfaction (β = − 0.480) and being a female (β = − 4.094) were associated with lower mental QOL. Higher Physical Activity Index was significantly associated with higher mental and physical QOL (β = 0.086 and β = 0.123 respectively). Conclusion The results indicate the effectiveness of diet programs in enhancing the quality of life, psychological and anthropometric measures.

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