scholarly journals Timelines in Spectral Composition: A cognitive approach to musical creativity

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 142-155
Author(s):  
José L. Besada ◽  
Cristóbal Pagán Cánovas
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Composition ◽  
Meaning Construction ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
Cognitive Approach ◽  
Time Representation ◽  
Cognitive Operations ◽  
Graphic Representations ◽  
Musical Practices ◽  
Cognitive Study ◽  
Challenging Question

What takes place in the minds of composers when they struggle to incorporate a given temporal concept into a musical work? Spectral composers have produced detailed theoretical proposals about time in music, but how exactly those ideas influenced their musical practices remains an extremely challenging question. Graphical representations in their sketches provide invaluable clues. Through the analyses of Gérard Grisey’s and Kaija Saariaho’s manuscripts, we show how the theoretical frameworks for the basic cognitive operations of blending and anchoring, which underlie the construction of complex meanings, can shed light on the intricate musical uses of timelines by spectral composers. We combine the universal claims of this cognitive analysis with the diachronic perspective of a musicological study, teasing out the mental paths that these composers may have followed to create novel aesthetic proposals from their experience with graphic representations of sound, mainly spectrograms, and from techniques of electroacoustic studios. Thus we pave the way towards a common language for understanding time representation across electroacoustics and music in general, based on this mixed methodology. Through such shared tenets, the cognitive study of music can reciprocally contribute to burgeoning fields such as time representation, meaning construction and creativity.

Signalling Theory and Durable Symbolic Expression

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas W. Bird ◽  
Rebecca Bliege Bird
Keyword(s):  
Biological Sciences ◽  
Social Interaction ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Cooperative Breeding ◽  
Street Art ◽  
Infant Survival ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
Shared Intentionality ◽  
Intentional States ◽  
Graphic Representations

This chapter develops links between theoretical frameworks in social and biological sciences about the origins and maintenance of durable stylistic traditions of graphic representation, exploring the role that symbolic performance plays in facilitating cooperation and collective action. The foundations of human propensities for coordinating complex social interactions lie in our ability for shared intentionality: we can represent to ourselves the interior lives and intentional states of others. This empathic capacity likely emerged in novel rearing environments of cooperative breeding, where infant survival required discerning and trusting the intent of many different possible caretakers. Trust in many arenas of interaction is ensured primarily through symbolic signalling, whereby communication of underlying qualities and motivations is made honest through costly performance. The authors draw on traditions in street art and rock art to illustrate how graphic representations serve as an important type of signalling system whose design serves to coordinate complex social interaction.

scholarly journals A Cognitive Approach to the Formalization of City and County Names in China’s Hunan Province

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kang Liu ◽  
Dan Zhang ◽  
Yuexiang Xie
Keyword(s):  
Relative Position ◽  
Hunan Province ◽  
Cognitive Approach ◽  
Cognitive Operation ◽  
Cognitive Operations

There were mainly six types of formalization models found in the study for 95 city and county names in China’s Hunan province, namely, the environment in a place for the place, the wish of the nomenclator for the place, the relative position of a place for the place, the resident for the place, the legend for the place, and the function of a place for the place. In the six formalization models, the environment in a place for the place was the most in number, forging 47 names. Besides, the wish of the nomenclator for the place and the relative position of a place for the place came the second, taking 20 names respectively. The cognitive operation participating in the formalization was primarily single metonymy with only a few complex metonymies. Metaphtonymy could be only noted in the model of the wish of the nomenclator for the place. It was notable that single metaphor was missing in the cognitive operations.

scholarly journals A Cognitive Study of the Multimodal Metaphors in National Publicity Documentaries China Enters a New Era: A Case Study of National Image

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Ma Chao
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Meaning Construction ◽  
Multimodal Communication ◽  
Multimodal Texts ◽  
New Era ◽  
National Image ◽  
Cognitive Mechanism ◽  
Cognitive Study

Recent years have witnessed great interests in multimodal communication due to the rapid development of information technology. Multimodal texts of different genres have sparked great interest of researchers in linguistic study. Based on the cognitive mechanism of multimodal metaphor, this study attempts to figure out the types of metaphor in National Image Publicity Documentary China enters a new era, meaning construction of multimodal metaphors, and what kinds of national image have been constructed by multimodal metaphor.

scholarly journals A vizuális enthüméma metaforikus ábrázolásmódja

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eszter Deli ◽  
Gabriella Németh
Keyword(s):  
Visual Culture ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Surface Structures ◽  
Classical Rhetoric ◽  
Theoretical Possibility ◽  
Cognitive Approach ◽  
Visual Metaphors ◽  
Cognitive Operations ◽  
Cognitive Levels

A klasszikus retorika öt nagy területe közül az inventio foglalkozik az érveléssel, azon belül az enthümémával, míg a kutatók többsége a trópusokat (pl. metafora) az elocutio-ba helyezi. A 21. századi retorika kevésbé szegmentáltan kezeli az érvelő és díszítő funkciókat. Jelen tanulmány az enthüméma és a metafora együttes előfordulását vizsgálja a modern vizuális kultúra képi artefaktumaiban. Az érvelés és stílus, tartalom és forma, forma és gondolati műveletek szorosan összefonódnak a 21. századi vizuális kultúrában. A stílus nemcsak formaként, hanem a kognitív műveletek alakítójaként is funkcionálhat. Az ékesség és szemléletesség eszközei, a trópusok pragmatikai-szemantikai alapokon nyugszanak. Az a tény, hogy a képi enthümémákat gyakran képi metaforák kísérik, megerősíteni látszik ezt a feltevést. Az enthümémát és a metaforát kognitív megközelítésben vizsgálva vetjük fel annak elméleti lehetőségét, hogy a felszíni struktúrákon túl a mélyebb kognitív szinteken összefügg a vizuális enthüméma és a vizuális metafora. Among the five major areas of classical rhetoric, inventio deals with reasoning, including enthymemes, while majority of researchers put tropes (eg. metaphors) into elocutio. The 21st century rhetoric, however, treats reasoning and decorating functions in a less segmented way. The present study examines the coexistence of enthymemes and metaphors in the pictorial artifacts of modern visual culture. Arguments and style, content and form, form and thought mechanisms are closely intertwined within the visual culture of the 21st century. Style may function not only as a form, but also as a shaper of cognitive operations. Tools of eloquence and expressiveness, namely the tropes are based on a pragmatic-semantic principle. The fact that pictorial enthymemes are often accompanied by pictorial metaphors seems to confirm this assumption. By examining enthymemes and metaphors with a cognitive approach, we raise the theoretical possibility that beyond surface structures, deeper cognitive levels are associated with visual enthymemes and visual metaphors.

The conceptual metaphor of joy

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-150
Author(s):  
Oana-Maria Păstae ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
Conceptual Metaphor ◽  
Cognitive Model ◽  
Conceptual System ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
Cognitive Approach ◽  
Conceptual Metaphor Theory ◽  
Conceptual Metaphors ◽  
Basic Premise ◽  
Metaphor Theory

The purpose of this paper is to study how ‘joy’, an emotional concept, is metaphorised in English from a cognitive perspective. It introduces the theoretical framework of Cognitive Linguistics, then briefly touches upon the definition of metaphor, the different types of conceptual metaphors and, finally, the conceptual metaphors of ‘joy’. We think in metaphors, which we learn very early. Our conceptual system, in terms of what we both think and act, is fundamentally metaphorical in nature (Lakoff, & Johnson 2003: 8). Lakoff and Johnson’s book Metaphors we live by changed the way linguists thought about metaphor. Conceptual Metaphor Theory was one of the earliest theoretical frameworks identified as part of the cognitive semantics enterprise and provided much of the early theoretical impetus for the cognitive approach. The basic premise of Conceptual Metaphor Theory is that metaphor is not simply a stylistic feature of language, but that thought itself is fundamentally metaphorical in nature. The cognitive model of joy can be described using the example of Lakoff for anger: JOY IS A FLUID IN A CONTAINER: She was bursting with joy; JOY IS HEAT/FIRE: Fires of joy were kindled by the birth of her son; joy is a natural force: I was overwhelmed by joy; JOY IS A SOCIAL SUPERIOR: If I ruled the world by joy; JOY IS AN OPPONENT: She was seized by joy; joy is a captive animal: All joy broke loose as the kids opened their presents; JOY IS INSANITY: The crowd went crazy with joy; JOY IS A FORCE DISLOCATING THE SELF: He was beside himself with joy.

scholarly journals A conceptual blending analysis of a metaphorical advertisement: applications in elt

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 299
Author(s):  
Elisa Mattos de Sá
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
English Language ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Meaning Construction ◽  
English Language Teaching ◽  
Human Cognition ◽  
Conceptual Blending ◽  
Conceptual Integration ◽  
Cognitive Operations ◽  
Print Advertisement

Advances in Cognitive Linguistics have focused on the centrality of meaning and conceptual structure in human language (Evans & Green, 2006; Geeraerts, 2006), placing phenomena such as metaphor as central to human cognition (Lakoff, 2006; Lakoff & Johnson, 1980). This paper analyzes the process of meaning construction of a metaphorical print advertisement in which cognitive operations of conceptual integration (cf. Fauconnier & Turner, 2002) can be mapped through the interplay between verbal and nonverbal language. Seeing that adverts can provide learners with real-life communicative opportunities for language development due to theirup-to-date language, cultural-bound content, and creative discourse techniques (Mishan, 2005; Picken, 2000; 1999), this paper additionally provides four pedagogical applications of the chosen advertisement in English Language Teaching, drawing on the principles of the theoreticalframework presented.

scholarly journals Causality, subjectivity and mental spaces: Insights from on-line discourse processing

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzanne Kleijn ◽  
Willem M. Mak ◽  
Ted J. M. Sanders
Keyword(s):  
Causal Relation ◽  
Meaning Construction ◽  
States Of Affairs ◽  
Cognitive Operations ◽  
On Line ◽  
Processing Difference ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Mental Spaces ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Processing Effort

AbstractResearch has shown that it requires less time to process information that is part of an objective causal relation describing states of affairs in the world (She was out of breath because she was running), than information that is part of a subjective relation (She must have been in a hurry because she was running) expressing a claim or conclusion and a supporting argument. Representing subjectivity seems to require extra cognitive operations.In Mental Spaces Theory (MST; Fauconnier, Gilles. 1994. Mental spaces: Aspects of meaning construction in natural language. Cambridge: MIT Press) the difference between these two relation types can be described in terms of an extra mental space in the discourse representation of subjective relations: representing the Subject of Consciousness (SoC). In processing terms, this might imply that the processing difference is not present if this SoC has already been established in the discourse. We tested this prediction in two eye tracking experiments. The results of Experiment 1 showed that signaling the subjectivity of the relation by introducing a subject of consciousness beforehand did not diminish the processing asymmetry compared to a neutral context. However, the relative complexity of subjective relations was diminished in the context of Free Indirect Speech (No! He was absolutely sure. There was no doubt about it. She was running so she was in hurry; Experiment 2).In terms of MST and the representation of subjectivity in general, this implies that not only creating a representation of a thinking subject, but also assigning a claim to this thinking subject requires extra processing effort.

The influence of multimodal textualization in the conversion of semiotic representations in Italian primary school geometry textbooks

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele Canducci ◽  
Andrea Rocci ◽  
Silvia Sbaragli
Keyword(s):  
Primary School ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
Cognitive Approach ◽  
Swiss National Science Foundation ◽  
Multimodal Discourse ◽  
School Geometry ◽  
Semiotic Representations ◽  
Specialized Language ◽  
Linguistic Approach ◽  
Semiotic Registers

Abstract Starting from the corpus of the Swiss National Science Foundation (FNS) project Italmatica. Understanding Mathematics at school, between common language and specialized language (Italmatica. Comprendere la matematica a scuola, fra lingua comune e linguaggio specialistico), an analysis of some examples taken from geometry textbooks used in the Italian primary school is presented. The analysis is based on the application of two intertwined theoretical frameworks: Duval’s semio-cognitive approach, which addresses problems related to mathematics education, and a linguistic approach to multimodal discourse analysis inspired by Bateman. The analysis shows how certain semiotic resources used as rhetorical devices for paraphrastic reformulation (restatement) can support or hinder the semiotic conversion of representations associated with two different semiotic registers (figural and natural language) in print documents with a strong multimodality component.

Conceptual complexes in cognitive modeling

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 299-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco José Ruiz de Mendoza Ibáñez
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Modeling ◽  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
Meaning Construction ◽  
Cognitive Models ◽  
Careful Examination ◽  
Fully Integrated ◽  
Cognitive Operations ◽  
Fictive Motion ◽  
Image Schema ◽  
Analytical Tools

Abstract The present paper goes beyond previous treatments of cognitive models, especially conceptual metaphor and metonymy, by drawing on linguistic evidence. It introduces needed refinements into previous meaning construction accounts by investigating the activity of conceptual complexes, i.e., combinations of cognitive models whose existence can be detected from a careful examination of the meaning effects of some linguistic expressions. This improvement endows the linguist with a more powerful set of analytical tools capable of dealing with a broader range of phenomena than previous theories. The paper first explores metaphoric and metonymic complexes, and their meaning effects. Then, it addresses the metonymic exploitation of frame complexes and image-schematic complexes. The resulting analytical apparatus proves applicable to the study of fictive motion and image-schema transformations, which have so far been addressed in Cognitive Linguistics without making explicit any relation between them or with other phenomena. We give evidence that these two phenomena can be dealt with as specific cases of metonymic domain expansion and domain reduction respectively. This means that fictive motion and image-schema transformations can be fully integrated into an encompassing account of cognitive modeling based on the activity of single or combined cognitive operations on basic or complex cognitive models.

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