scholarly journals Changes in socio-economic status and lipoproteins in Chilean adolescents: a 16-year longitudinal study

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 344-353
Author(s):  
Zachary J Madewell ◽  
Estela Blanco ◽  
Raquel Burrows ◽  
Betsy Lozoff ◽  
Sheila Gahagan
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Varimax Rotation ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Low Hdl ◽  
Environmental Capital

AbstractObjectiveThe present longitudinal study assessed whether changes in socio-economic status (SES) from infancy to adolescence were associated with plasma lipoprotein concentrations in adolescence, of which low HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) and high LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C), TAG and total cholesterol (TC) concentrations are associated with higher cardiovascular risk.DesignSES, assessed using the modified Graffar Index, was calculated at 1, 5, 10 and 16 years. Principal components factor analysis with varimax rotation extracted two orthogonal SES factors, termed ‘environmental capital’ and ‘social capital’. Generalized linear models were used to analyse associations between environmental and social capital at 1 and 16 years and outcomes (HDL-C, LDL-C, TAG, TC) at 16 years, as well as changes in environmental and social capital from 1–5, 5–10, 10–16 and 1–16 years, and outcomes at 16 years.SettingSantiago, Chile.ParticipantsWe evaluated 665 participants from the Santiago Longitudinal Study enrolled at infancy in Fe-deficiency anaemia studies and examined every 5 years to age 16 years.ResultsSocial capital in infancy was associated with higher HDL-C in adolescence. Environmental capital in adolescence was associated with higher LDL-C and TC during adolescence. Changing environmental capital from 1–16 years was associated with higher LDL-C. Changing environmental capital from 1–5 and 1–16 years was associated with higher TC.ConclusionsImprovements in environmental capital throughout childhood were associated with less healthy LDL-C and TC concentrations in adolescence. We found no evidence of associations between changing environmental capital and HDL-C or TAG, or changing social capital and HDL-C, LDL-C, TAG or TC.

scholarly journals Leadership in Acts through a social capital lens

2009 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian A. Nell
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
South African ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Missional Church ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Norms And Values ◽  
African Context ◽  
Third Dimension ◽  
Distribution Of Income

Social capital can be defined in various ways. In most of these definitions at least three dimensions can be distinguished. First there is �bonding� (the horizontal relationships between people operating within different social networks and with specific norms and values). The second dimension is �bridging� (bonds that transcend differences in religion, ethnicity, culture and socio-economic status). This dimension prevents horizontal ties from becoming the basis for narrow and even sectarian interests. Normally, a third dimension called �linking� also forms part of social capital, and ideological aspects come into focus here. This dimension includes aspects such as justice, political power and the equitable distribution of income and property. When leadership in Acts is analysed through the lenses of these multi-focal spectacles, interesting perspectives are discovered that can enrich theories on leadership. These discoveries can also open up new perspectives on aspects of being a missional church in our South African context from within the context of Acts.�

The social inequalities of Internet access, its use, and the impact on children’s academic performance: Evidence from a longitudinal study in Switzerland

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 2489-2508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne-Linda Camerini ◽  
Peter J Schulz ◽  
Anne-Marie Jeannet
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Online Communication ◽  
Internet Access ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
School Grades

This longitudinal study explores differences in Internet access and use among school-aged children in Italian-speaking Switzerland and whether and how these differences contribute to inequalities in academic performance. Applying multilevel structural equation modeling with two-wave original survey data from 843 students, their parents, as well as students’ end-term school grades, we show that a family’s socio-economic status indirectly affects children’s school grades as lower parental income leads children to use the Internet more frequently for entertainment and online communication purposes. This form of Internet use also increases as children have more personal digital media devices. As children’s increased use of the Internet for entertainment and online communication worsens their academic performance, our results suggest that social inequalities due to children’s socio-economic status are reinforced by a second-order digital divide. We discuss potential reasons for our findings as well as their implications and recommendations for possible interventions.

scholarly journals GLYCEMIC AND LIPIDEIC STATUS IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION

2014 ◽  
Vol 04 (01) ◽  
pp. 009-014
Author(s):  
A. Harish Rao
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Low Hdl ◽  
One Year

Abstract: Objective: to know the glycemic and lipidaemic status in patients with acute myocardial infarction, and with the secondary objective to know the effect of age, gender, diabetes, smoking, hypertension on fasting glucose and lipid levels. Methods and materials: The 74 patients admitted for acute myocardial infarction during the study period of one year were analysed for fasting glucose values and serum levels of total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and triglycerides. Results: The mean serum concentrations of total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL cholesterol and LDL cholesterol were 233.28±45.34, 139.22±41.71, 171.43±36.53 and 27.07±36.53 respectively. Mean levels of total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides and fasting glucose values were not affected by age, gender, BMI, hypertension and smoking. BMI >30kg/m2 was associated with increased levels of total cholesterol(p=0.013) and LDL cholesterol(p=0.014). Also increase LDL cholesterol was seen in male gender(p=0.04). The prevalence of hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia and low HDL cholesterol was 82.4%,77% and 78% respectively. Diabetes had no effect on lipid profile. Conclusion: our study highlighted the prevalence of dyslipidemias associated with myocardial infarction but not significant impact of fasting glucose levels.

scholarly journals Diabeteses dyslipidaemia és atherosclerosis

2016 ◽  
Vol 157 (19) ◽  
pp. 746-752 ◽  
Author(s):  
László Márk ◽  
Győző Dani
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Statin Therapy ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Small Dense Ldl ◽  
Target Values ◽  
Postprandial Triglyceride ◽  
Low Hdl

The incidence and the public health importance of diabetes mellitus are growing continuously. Despite the improvement observed in the latest years, the leading cause of morbidity and mortality of diabetics are cardiovascular diseases. The diagnosis of diabetes mellitus constitutes such a high risk as the known presence of vascular disease. Diabetic dyslipidaemia is characterised by high fasting and postprandial triglyceride levels, low HDL level, and slightly elevated LDL-cholesterol with domination of atherogenic small dense LDL. These are not independent components of the atherogenic dyslipidaemia, but are closely linked to each other. Beside the known harmful effects of low HDL and small dense LDL, recent findings confirmed the atherogenicity of the triglyceride-rich lipoproteins and their remnants. It has been shown that the key of this process is the overproduction and delayed clearance of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins in the liver. In this metabolism the lipoprotein lipase has a determining role; its function is accelerated by ApoA5 and attenuated by ApoC3. The null mutations of the ApoC3 results in a reduced risk of myocardial infarction, the loss-of-function mutation of ApoA5 was associated with a 60% elevation of triglyceride level and 2.2-times increased risk of myocardial infarction. In case of diabetes mellitus, insulin resistance, obesity, metabolic syndrome and chronic kidney disease the non-HDL-cholesterol is a better marker of the risk than the LDL-cholesterol. Its value can be calculated by subtraction of HDL-cholesterol from total cholesterol. Target values of non-HDL-cholesterol can be obtained by adding 0.8 mmol/L to the LDL-cholesterol targets (this means 3.3 mmol/L in high, and 2.6 mmol/L in very high risk patients). The drugs of first choice in the treatment of diabetic dyslipidaemia are statins. Nevertheless, it is known that even if statin therapy is optimal (treated to target), a considerable residual (lipid) risk remains. For its reduction treatment of low HDL-cholesterol and high triglyceride levels is obvious by the administration of fibrates. In addition to statin therapy, fenofibrate can be recommended. Orv. Hetil., 2016, 157(19), 746–752.

scholarly journals Longitudinal study of psychopathological, anthropometric and sociodemographic factors related to the level of Mediterranean diet adherence in a community sample of Spanish adolescents

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 1812-1822 ◽  
Author(s):  
Núria Voltas ◽  
Victoria Arija ◽  
Estefania Aparicio ◽  
Josefa Canals
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Childhood Anxiety ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Eating Disorder Inventory ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
High Adherence

AbstractObjectiveThe Mediterranean diet (MD) pattern has important health benefits; however, it seems that Spanish school-aged children have been abandoning this healthy pattern recently. We aimed to identify psychopathological, anthropometric and sociodemographic factors that may influence the risk of low MD adherence.DesignLongitudinal study in three phases. MD adherence was assessed using the Krece Plus food questionnaire and psychopathological symptoms using the Screen for Childhood Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders, Children’s Depression Inventory, Youth’s Inventory-4 and Eating Disorder Inventory-2. Anthropometric data were collected in the first and third phases.SettingsAll five representative areas in Reus, Spain.SubjectsAdolescents (n241).ResultsRegardless of past and current BMI, socio-economic status was a protective factor for low MD adherence (OR=0·805,P=0·003) and a risk factor for high BMI (OR=0·718,P=0·002; OR=0·707,P=0·001). Regardless of socio-economic status, depression was involved with risk of low adherence (OR=1·069,P=0·021). Girls with lower MD adherence presented significantly higher scores for eating disorders measured using the Eating Disorder Inventory-2 (low adherence, mean 18·9 (sd13·5); high adherence, mean 8·9 (sd9·0),P=0·020) and the Youth Inventory-4 (low adherence, mean 5·2 (sd4·3); medium adherence, mean 3·6 (sd3·2),P=0·044). They also presented higher depression symptoms (low adherence, mean 17·7 (sd9·6); medium adherence, mean 12·3 (sd7·2),P=0·01) than girls with high adherence.ConclusionsThe results highlight the influence of psychosocial factors on levels of MD adherence. These factors need to be taken into account when developing prevention and health promotion initiatives.

FC23-02 - Gender and genotype modulation of the association between lipid levels and depressive symptomatology in community-dwelling elderly

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1940-1940
Author(s):  
M.-L. Ancelin ◽  
I. Carrière ◽  
J.-P. Boulenger ◽  
A. Malafosse ◽  
R. Stewart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Apolipoprotein E ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Lipid Levels ◽  
Genetic Vulnerability ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Low Hdl ◽  
Gender Specific

BackgroundLipids appear to mediate depressive vulnerability in the elderly, however, sex differences and genetic vulnerability have not been taken into account in previous prospective studies.MethodsDepression was assessed in a population of 1040 women and 752 men aged 65 years and over at baseline and after 7-year follow-up. Clinical level of depression (DEP) was defined as having either a score of 16 and above on the Centre for Epidemiology Studies Depression scale or a diagnosis of current major depression on the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview. Lipid levels, apolipoprotein E and serotonin transporter linked promoter region (5-HTTLPR) genotypes were evaluated at baseline.ResultsMultivariate analyses adjusted by socio-demographic and behavioral variables, measures of physical health including ischemic pathologies, and genetic vulnerability indicated gender-specific associations between dyslipidemia and DEP, independent of the use of lipid lowering agents or apolipoprotein E status. Men with low LDL-cholesterol levels had twice the risk of prevalent and incident DEP whereas in women low HDL-cholesterol levels were found to be significantly associated with increased prevalent DEP (OR = 1.5) only. A significant interaction was observed between low LDL-cholesterol and 5-HTTLPR genotype, men with s/s or s/l genotype being at increased risk of DEP (OR = 6.0 and 2.7, respectively). No significant gene-environment interaction was observed for women.ConclusionsDEP is associated with higher atherogenic risk in women (low HDL-cholesterol), whereas the reverse is observed in men (low LDL-cholesterol). Late-life depression may have a complex gender-specific etiology involving genetic vulnerability in men.

scholarly journals Psychosocial job conditions and biomarkers of cardiovascular disease: A cross-sectional study in the Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study (SCAPIS)

2022 ◽  
pp. 140349482110640
Author(s):  
Mia Söderberg ◽  
Helena Eriksson ◽  
Kjell Torén ◽  
Göran Bergström ◽  
Eva Andersson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
High Strain ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Diastolic Hypertension ◽  
Low Hdl ◽  
Job Conditions

Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate associations between psychosocial work exposure and the presence of biological and imaging biomarkers of cardiovascular disease. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in a sub-cohort of the Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study (SCAPIS). Psychosocial exposure was evaluated with the job demand–control model, and analysed according to the standard categorization: high strain, active, passive and low strain (reference). Biomarkers (blood pressure, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, coronary artery calcification (CAC) and metabolic syndrome) were measured, or derived through measurements, from clinical examinations. Gender-specific prevalence ratios (PRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated with regression models and adjusted for age, education, smoking, physical activity, general life stress and body mass index (BMI). Results: The analyses included 3882 participants (52.5% women). High strain (high demands–low control) was linked to increased PR for low HDL cholesterol in women, adjusted for all covariates (PR 1.76; 95% CI 1.25–2.48). High strain was also related to moderately increased PR for metabolic syndrome in men, after adjustments for all covariates except BMI (PR 1.25; 95% CI 1.02–1.52). In addition, passive work (low demands–low control) was associated with diastolic hypertension in women (fully adjusted: PR 1.29; 95% CI 1.05–1.59). All relationships between psychosocial factors and LDL cholesterol or CAC (both genders), or hypertension (men), were non-significant. Conclusions: Poor psychosocial job conditions was associated with the presence of low HDL cholesterol and diastolic hypertension in women, and metabolic syndrome in men. These findings contribute to the knowledge of potential pathways between stressful work and coronary heart disease.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document