scholarly journals Abundances of Helium in Gaseous Nebulae

1971 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 288-295
Author(s):  
M. J. Seaton
Keyword(s):  
The Past ◽  
Gaseous Nebulae ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Optical Wavelengths

During the past two or three years much work has been done on the determination of helium abundances in gaseous nebulae, using observations at both optical wavelengths and radio wavelengths. I imagine that the organisers of this Discussion must have asked whether the subject should be reviewed by an optical observer or a radio observer, and have finally resolved their dilemma by choosing a speaker who has not made observations at any wavelength whatsoever.

scholarly journals Franco-Prussian campaign of 1870-1871 in perception of the novice British war correspondent A. Forbes

2020 ◽  
pp. 101-111
Author(s):  
Aleksei Vlasov
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual History ◽  
Professional Practice ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Object Description ◽  
The Past ◽  
Personal Attitudes ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
Journalistic Practice

The object of this article is professional activity of the British war correspondent Archibald Forbes during the Franco-Prussian War of 1870-1871. The subject is the perception and reflection of military realities (1870-1871) by the novice journalist. The goal consists in determination of the mechanisms of perception of participants and realities of the Franco-Prussian confrontation of 1870-1871 by the British correspondent A. Forbes. Intellectual history and imagological approach comprise the methodological framework of this research. Based on the analysis of documentary evidence left by A. Forbes, which describes the events of 1870-1871, the author was able to trace the evolution of Forbes’ perception of the Franco-Prussian campaign of 1870-1871. The conclusion is made on gradual changes in Forbe’s perception and reflection of war realities. The initial admiration was replaced by the professional subject-object description. However, his stance on parties to the conflict remained unchanged. The author assumes that A. Forbes had particular personal attitudes, but his perception of the war of 1870-1871 has evolved. The acquired results may be valuable in studying journalistic practice, as well as mutual perception of European ethnoses. The scientific novelty lies in a comprehensive approach towards the phenomenon at hand: the author examines not only the mechanisms of perception as such, but also their transformation influenced by various factors. This research made a transition from the widespread study of biographies and activity of correspondents of the XIX century to an extensive culturological and intellectual approach in consideration of professional practice of journalists of the past.

scholarly journals On the measurement of the dielectric constants of liquids, with a determination of the dielectric constant of benzene

1929 ◽  
Vol 123 (792) ◽  
pp. 664-685 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Constant ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Dielectric Constants ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
The Past ◽  
A Value ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Important Indication

It has long been recognised that the dielectric constant of a substance gives an important indication of its constitution, and the classical papers of Nernst and Drude giving methods for the determination of dielectric constants, have been followed by a long series of papers giving the dielectric constants of several hundreds of pure liquids and solutions. Since the publication of Debye’s dipole theory in 1912, the literature of the subject has become even more voluminous than before. In surveying the mass of data one is struck by the very large discrepancies which exist in the values obtained by different observers for any one substance, and it is very difficult to decide whether they are due to the difficulty of pre­paring and purifying the substance, differences in experimental conditions such as frequency of the applied E. M. F., or errors in the methods of measure­ment. In order to make it possible to compare the results of different observers, and to provide a fundamental basis for new measurements, it is important that the value of at least one standard liquid should be known with unquestion­able accuracy. The object of the present investigation was to provide such a value. Benzene was chosen as the standard liquid since it has been very widely used in the past, and it is used as a standard in the measurement of other physical properties.

scholarly journals Gaseous abundances in planetary nebulae: What have we learned in the past five years?

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (S323) ◽  
pp. 51-59
Author(s):  
Gloria Delgado-Inglada
Keyword(s):  
Planetary Nebulae ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Field Of Study ◽  
The Past ◽  
Gaseous Nebulae

AbstractNearly 50 years ago, in the proceedings of the first IAU symposium on planetary nebulae, Lawrence H. Aller and Stanley J. Czyzak said that “the problem of determination of the chemical compositions of planetary and other gaseous nebulae constitutes one of the most exasperating problems in astrophysics”. Although the situation has greatly improved over the years, many important problems are still open and new questions have arrived to the field, which still is an active field of study. Here I will review some of the main aspects related to the determination of gaseous abundances in PNe and some relevant results derived in the last five years, since the last IAU symposium on PNe.

Annual growth patterns in the inner shell layer of Mytilus edulis L.

1976 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 723-731 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Lutz
Keyword(s):  
Age Determination ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Shell Morphology ◽  
Fossil Species ◽  
The Past ◽  
Growth Increments ◽  
Surface Shell ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Logical Research

INTRODUCTIONMolluscan age determination has long been the subject of both biological and paleonto-logical research (Mossop, 1922 a, b; Haskin, 1954; Merrill, Posgay & Nichy, 1965; Andrews, 1972). Several workers have listed difficulties associated with traditional methods of determining the age of an organism based upon surface shell morphology (Pannella & MacClintock, 1968; Farrow, 1971, 1972; Berry, 1971). Others, such as Craig & Hallum (1963) have attempted, with moderate success, to circumvent these problems statistically by using size-frequency relationships, but such methods are of little value in age analysis of isolated individuals. The principal difficulty encountered in shell surface analyses arises from an inability to distinguish spawning and disturbance lines from annual marks. Problems associated with this separation have been reduced over the past decade by the discovery of daily and tidal periodicity structures within the shells of numerous Recent and fossil species of pelecypods (Barker, 1964,1970; Pannella & MacClintock, 1968; Clark, 1968; House & Farrow, 1968; Farrow, 1971, 1972). The biological and paleontological significance of such growth increments have been discussed at length by Pannella & MacClintock (1968), Barker (1970), and Clark (1974). When present in continuous sequences, these periodicity structures facilitate an accurate age determination of individual specimens.

scholarly journals Women's Institutes in Imperial Russia in the wording of the normative documents (1764 – early XX century): terms, typology, dates

2021 ◽  
pp. 110-129
Author(s):  
Varvara Vital'evna Ponomareva
Keyword(s):  
Normative Documents ◽  
The Past ◽  
Imperial Russia ◽  
Class Composition ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
First Time ◽  
Departmental Affiliation

The subject of this research is the foundation of women’s education system in the Russian Empire, namely of the Office of the Institutions of Empress Maria, which totaled up to three dozen by the early XX century. Actualization of the knowledge about the best examples of the Russian school in the past is determined by the fundamental importance of education in the context of ongoing modernization of the country. The topic of Women's institutes of Imperial Russia, which existed for over 150 years, is poorly studied. Despite the extensive source base, in the historical literature one can often come across improper names of the institutes, determination of their departmental affiliation, class composition of the students, as well as incorrect dating and topography. Using the historical-systemic and typological analysis, the author determines and clarifies the conceptual framework of the problematic as a necessary research toolset. The author's contribution to selected topic consists in discovery of a wide variety of sources, including those introduced into the scientific discourse for the first time, accurate names of the institutes and variations in the official documents and everyday practice., their renaming and the causes. The article also traces the dynamics of changes in the class and confessional composition of students since the establishment of the institutes until the beginning of the XX century. Subordination and departmental affiliation at different stages of the history of these institutes is clarified.

scholarly journals Social anxiety as a factor of establishment of a subjective picture of life path during the regulatory youth crisis

2020 ◽  
pp. 15-31
Author(s):  
Irina Aleksandrovna Ralnikova ◽  
Marina Valer'evna Shamardina
Keyword(s):  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Young People ◽  
Methodological Framework ◽  
Psychological Practice ◽  
The Past ◽  
Scientific Representations ◽  
Emotional Assessment ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Life Path

The subject of this research is the subjective picture of life path at the stage of regulatory youth crisis in the context of social anxiety. The goal consists in determination of the peculiarities of cognitive and emotional assessment of the past, present, and future as the components of subjective picture of life path of young people prone to experiencing social anxiety. The theoretical-methodological framework consists in scientific representations on human as a subject of life path, theory of life path and psychological time, scientific idea of the cognitive-perceptive selectiveness and regulation of social anxiety in the situations of assessment. The scientific novelty of the acquired results consists in the following statements: 1) it is proven that social anxiety is a predictor of the establishment of perceptions on personal past, present and future during the regulatory youth crisis; 2) the invariant tendencies in the character of cognitive and emotional assessment of the components of subjective picture of a life path in youth in case of the escalated social anxiety are determined; 3) variable description of time modus are revealed. The obtained results may be used in psychological practice for conducting psychobiographical consulting and psychological trainings of projecting a life path with young people with the chronic social anxiety and social fears.

scholarly journals Conceptual sounding of poems in the prose “Herds” by F. Aliyeva and “The Old Woman” by I. Turgenev

2020 ◽  
pp. 51-58
Author(s):  
Mariza Magomedova ◽  
Maryam Saidovna Suleimanova ◽  
Zaynab Salmanovna Omarova
Keyword(s):  
Prose Poem ◽  
Life And Death ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future ◽  
Flow Of Time ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Artistic Images ◽  
Past Experiences ◽  
Time Description

This article attempts to determine the attributes of the prose poem genre in the works “Herds” by Fazu Aliyeva and “The Old Woman” by Ivan Turgenev on the formal and emotional-semantic levels. Artistic parallels in creation of images by the authors of different generations are drawn. The subject of this research is the images of time, old woman and cliff and intertwinement of their destinies into a single time node. The object of this research is the lyrical narratives “Herds” by Fazu Aliyeva, “The Old Woman” and “How Fair, How Fresh Were the Roses…” by Ivan Turgenev. Special attention is given to analysis of the form and content of artistic images in “Herds”, in the context of prose poem “The Old Woman” by I. S. Turgenev, their conceptual and artistic peculiarities. The author also highlights the category of timely space in the narratives. The novelty of this research consists in drawing an artistic parallel between the lyrical narratives of Fazu Aliyeva and Ivan Turgenev regarding determination of the dominant and conceptual differences in creation of the image of time, description of the flow of time, connection between the past and the future, and interpretation of the theme of life and death. As a result, the identification of poetic beginning, philosophical comprehension and artistic presentation of the topic of life and death in the works of F. Aliyeva and I. Turgenev allows, upon similarity of sounding, tracing conceptual differences of the author's thought. Despite obvious similarity of underlying ideas, the aforementioned topic is described differently. In the works of F. Aliyeva, time is not confined, looks into the future, resembling in the succession of generations; with all the pain and losses, the image is life-affirming. In the works of I. Turgenev, the hero turns to the past, experiences the ultimate fear of death, everything stops in anticipation of the end of existence.

scholarly journals Leading project methods of interpretation of traditional culture in formation of an artistic image of the environment (on the example of modern public interiors of Crimea)

2020 ◽  
pp. 127-136
Author(s):  
Marina Borisovna Grigoreva
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Traditional Culture ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Folk Culture ◽  
Artistic Value ◽  
The Past ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Artistic Image

The subject of this research is the imagery and stylistic solution of modern public interiors located on the territory of Crimea (hotels and restaurants) arranged in ethnic style. In the past decade application of the elements of traditional culture as fundamental in creation of the image of public space gained popularity, which defines the relevance of this topic. First and foremost, it is associated with the revival of interest to folk culture: authentic cuisine, folklore, surrounding environment, which in turn, is a certain response of humanity to the ongoing globalization processes. The goal of this work consists in determination of the leading project methods in creation of ethnic atmosphere of a public space on the example of objects located on the territory of Crimea. The study is based on the analysis hotels and restaurants as most expressive objects from the artistic perspective. The scientific novelty consists in a comprehensive analysis of public objects with explicit stylization of Central Asian art. Determination of artistic techniques ensures a systematic approach to the assessment of artistic value of modern public spaces. The creation of image is viewed from the perspective compositional methods, which in turn, become the basis for further design and décor of the environment. As a result, the author reveals the two leading methods in formation of the image: retrospective and authorial stylization. It is established that both method have positive and negative side with regards to perception by a recipient. Practical significance of the study consists in formation of possible evaluation categories in the analysis of creative approaches of authors towards implementation of ethnic theme in designing environments.

scholarly journals Alienation of tradition as a way of person's relationship with the past

2021 ◽  
pp. 68-81
Author(s):  
Dmitry Vladimirovich Rakhinsky ◽  
Grigorii Andreevich Illarionov ◽  
Svetlana Yurevna Piskorskaya ◽  
Aleksei Gennadevich Rusakov ◽  
Evgenii Stepanovich Shcheblyakov
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Memory ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Intergenerational Communication ◽  
The Past ◽  
Active Subject ◽  
The Social ◽  
Interdisciplinary Synthesis ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The One

The subject of this research is the alienation of tradition as a way of relating to the past. The goal of this article consists in conceptualization of an “alienated tradition” as a mode of relationship between the social present and the social past, generated by the historical dynamics of development of the tradition, which is simultaneously a factor of social development and a source of personal suffering. The research methodology leans on the principle of social epistemology, which implies following the mutual conditionality of evolution of representations on connection between the present and the past, reflected in the concept of tradition sociocultural mechanisms of the  tradition. The article analyzes the language of interpretation of tradition as a combination of sociocultural mechanisms connecting the social present and the past. The novelty of this work consists in interdisciplinary synthesis of the concepts and research positions: the classical concept of alienation, research on intergenerational communication and cultural memory, socio-criticism studies, and theory of suffering. The alienation of tradition suggests objectification of these connections, in terms of which the social past perceived by a person as the new and communicative grounds for the alienation of tradition, emerged as result of increasing vicariousness of intergenerational communication. The alienation of tradition has a dual meaning. On the one hand, it becomes the foundation for self-determination of a person with regards to cultural continuum, force of development, due to the fact that a person is no longer positioned as a result of determinacy by the past, but an active subject who transforms the world relying on own mind, rather than the legacy of the past. On the other hand, the alienation of tradition becomes a cause of suffering; the more vicarious becomes the person’s relationship with the past, the more antagonistic and alienated become the grounds for his existence in culture that are determined by the past.

scholarly journals MAIN AREAS OF E. G. DEVLET’S SCIENTIFIC PURSUITS

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Е.С. Леванова ◽  
Г.Г. Король
Keyword(s):  
Rock Art ◽  
Northern Eurasia ◽  
The Past ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Scientific Issue ◽  
Prehistoric Art ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Migration Theories ◽  
And Diffusion

Рассмотрены основные направления исследований Е. Г. Дэвлет (1965-2018) первобытного искусства, преимущественно петроглифов. В основе подхода ученого к теме - знакомство с памятниками наскального искусства в широком географическом диапазоне (от Северной Евразии до Южной Америки), а также собственный экспедиционный опыт. Фундаментальная научная проблема, которой посвящены многие работы Е. Г. Дэвлет, - определение ареалов наскального искусства, среди них - впервые выделенная Амуро-Уссурийская провинция. Среди других направлений - интерпретация сюжетов наскального искусства в контексте миграционных теорий и диффузии идей, а также комплексный подход к вопросам петроглифоведения на основе привлечения этнографических и фольклорных материалов. Отдельные темы последних лет - расширение и совершенствование методики изучения наскального искусства, в том числе на основе современных цифровых технологий, а также вопросы сохранения и развития памятников как объектов культурного наследия и туризма. The paper reviews main areas of research conducted by E. G. Devlet (1965-2018) on prehistoric art, in particular, petroglyphs. The basic principle of this researcher approach in tackling the subject is examination of rock art sites in a broad geographical context from northern Eurasia to South America as well as expedition experience. The fundamental scientific issue in many of E. G. Devlets papers is the determination of the rock art areas, including the Amur-Ussuriysk province. Other areas of her interest included interpretation of rock art narratives in the context of migration theories and diffusion of ideas as well as a comprehensive approach to petroglyph studies through the use of ethnographic and folklore materials. Other topics in the past years were related to extension and improvement of the methodology used to study rock art including new methods based on modern digital technologies as well as issues of preservation and development of sites as cultural heritage and tourist attraction.

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