scholarly journals Franco-Prussian campaign of 1870-1871 in perception of the novice British war correspondent A. Forbes

2020 ◽  
pp. 101-111
Author(s):  
Aleksei Vlasov
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual History ◽  
Professional Practice ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Object Description ◽  
The Past ◽  
Personal Attitudes ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
Journalistic Practice

The object of this article is professional activity of the British war correspondent Archibald Forbes during the Franco-Prussian War of 1870-1871. The subject is the perception and reflection of military realities (1870-1871) by the novice journalist. The goal consists in determination of the mechanisms of perception of participants and realities of the Franco-Prussian confrontation of 1870-1871 by the British correspondent A. Forbes. Intellectual history and imagological approach comprise the methodological framework of this research. Based on the analysis of documentary evidence left by A. Forbes, which describes the events of 1870-1871, the author was able to trace the evolution of Forbes’ perception of the Franco-Prussian campaign of 1870-1871. The conclusion is made on gradual changes in Forbe’s perception and reflection of war realities. The initial admiration was replaced by the professional subject-object description. However, his stance on parties to the conflict remained unchanged. The author assumes that A. Forbes had particular personal attitudes, but his perception of the war of 1870-1871 has evolved. The acquired results may be valuable in studying journalistic practice, as well as mutual perception of European ethnoses. The scientific novelty lies in a comprehensive approach towards the phenomenon at hand: the author examines not only the mechanisms of perception as such, but also their transformation influenced by various factors. This research made a transition from the widespread study of biographies and activity of correspondents of the XIX century to an extensive culturological and intellectual approach in consideration of professional practice of journalists of the past.

scholarly journals Examination of motivational and value orientation of college students towards professional activity

2020 ◽  
pp. 45-56
Author(s):  
Natalia Petrovna Tatianchenko
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Personal Growth ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Value Orientation ◽  
Value Orientations ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Literary Sources ◽  
Personal Attitudes ◽  
The Subject

The subject of this research is the motivational and value orientation of students towards professional activity. Based on the analysis of literary sources, it was established that motivational and value orientation is an integrative dynamic system, incorporating the interconnected professional motives, interests, goals, personal attitudes that ensure the choice of profession. The article analyzes the peculiarities of motivational and value orientation of college students essential for determination of the significant cognitive motives and disaccord between such its components as personal growth, responsibility and presence of a strong desire to pursue the selected profession. In the course of research, the following set of psychodiagnostic instruments was used: original questionnaire, morphological test for life values (V. F. Sopov, L. V. Karpushin), methodology for determination of key motives of choosing profession (E. M. Pavlyutenkov), value orientations (M. Rokeach), methods of mathematical-statistical processing of the results (Spearman’s correlation analysis, Mann–Whitney parametrical method of comparison of two U-criterion samplings). Theoretical importance of this study consists in the analysis of modern conceptual approaches towards the problem of motivational and value orientation of college students towards professional activity that creates foundation for further research in this area, and solution of such problem as rejection of the acquired specialty.

Light Side of Design: Professional Vector

2020 ◽  
pp. 23-33
Author(s):  
Elena A. Zaeva-Burdonskaya ◽  
Yuri V. Nazarov
Keyword(s):  
Professional Practice ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Design Culture ◽  
Interdisciplinary Nature ◽  
Educational Programmes ◽  
Design Activities ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Light Side

This article addresses one of the most actively developing types of design activities – light design. The article comprises quotes of the leading Russian and foreign light design specialists published over the previous five years, as well as the authors’ own conclusions. The thoughts quoted in the article are sometimes opposite to each other and reflect the wide spectrum of professional practice. They reflect the initial opinions of analysts and experts which are often diverging. All of the specialists point at the interdisciplinary nature of the new profession, which imposes additional load on a designer overloaded enough already by the scope and speed of the problems being solved nowadays. The discussion of the new profession of light designer initiated on the pages of professional publications is especially important in view of the development of professional standards and standards of design and architectural education, as well as creation of new educational programmes based on various approaches to the subject in technical and humanitarian institutions. The goal of this article is to introduce light design into the field of fully legitimate sections of design culture, to define the authentic scientific basis of the new creative profession, to initiate a foundation for self-determination of the new synthetic area, which materially affects the state of the profession as a whole and the life standards of a wide variety of consumers. In order to reach the set goal, a comparative and analytical method of study was selected, which allows studying the problem to a large extent and from all angles and finding the ways of overcoming the challenges emerging in the area of the new activity.

scholarly journals Trends in modern theatrical interpretation of A. P. Chekhov's play “Uncle Vanya”

Litera ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 28-36
Author(s):  
Natalia Gavrilova
Keyword(s):  
Meaning Making ◽  
The State ◽  
Modern Life ◽  
Stage Directors ◽  
Separate Object ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Xix Century

This article is dedicated to the analysis of trends in interpretation of A. P. Chekhov's play “Uncle Vanya” in modern theater. The subject of this research is the four theatrical productions of the play on the national stage: by Rimas Tuminas in Vakhtangov Theatre (2009), by Andrei Serban in Alexandrinsky Theater (2009), by Andrei Konchalovsky in Mossovet State Academic Theatre (2009) by Stéphane Braunschweig in the State Theatre of Nations (2019). These productions reflect the eternal existential questions raised in A. P. Chekhov’s play, as well as the relevant transformations in modern perception of the play. Examination of the aforementioned productions, as well as their analysis in the context of Chekhov's play and modern life realities in comparison with such in the XIX century, has not previously become a separate object of research. The scientific novelty consists in comprehension of the message delivered by play written in the late XIX century for the XXI century, as well as in determination of problems relevant to a contemporary person that are raised in the play. Using the meaning-making topics of the play, stage directors imply death of kindness, deterioration of nature and human, human disunity and misunderstanding. Therefore, the play “Uncle Vanya” indicates its timeliness and everlasting lifelikeness for the XXI century.

scholarly journals On the measurement of the dielectric constants of liquids, with a determination of the dielectric constant of benzene

1929 ◽  
Vol 123 (792) ◽  
pp. 664-685 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Constant ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Dielectric Constants ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
The Past ◽  
A Value ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Important Indication

It has long been recognised that the dielectric constant of a substance gives an important indication of its constitution, and the classical papers of Nernst and Drude giving methods for the determination of dielectric constants, have been followed by a long series of papers giving the dielectric constants of several hundreds of pure liquids and solutions. Since the publication of Debye’s dipole theory in 1912, the literature of the subject has become even more voluminous than before. In surveying the mass of data one is struck by the very large discrepancies which exist in the values obtained by different observers for any one substance, and it is very difficult to decide whether they are due to the difficulty of pre­paring and purifying the substance, differences in experimental conditions such as frequency of the applied E. M. F., or errors in the methods of measure­ment. In order to make it possible to compare the results of different observers, and to provide a fundamental basis for new measurements, it is important that the value of at least one standard liquid should be known with unquestion­able accuracy. The object of the present investigation was to provide such a value. Benzene was chosen as the standard liquid since it has been very widely used in the past, and it is used as a standard in the measurement of other physical properties.

Annual growth patterns in the inner shell layer of Mytilus edulis L.

1976 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 723-731 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Lutz
Keyword(s):  
Age Determination ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Shell Morphology ◽  
Fossil Species ◽  
The Past ◽  
Growth Increments ◽  
Surface Shell ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Logical Research

INTRODUCTIONMolluscan age determination has long been the subject of both biological and paleonto-logical research (Mossop, 1922 a, b; Haskin, 1954; Merrill, Posgay & Nichy, 1965; Andrews, 1972). Several workers have listed difficulties associated with traditional methods of determining the age of an organism based upon surface shell morphology (Pannella & MacClintock, 1968; Farrow, 1971, 1972; Berry, 1971). Others, such as Craig & Hallum (1963) have attempted, with moderate success, to circumvent these problems statistically by using size-frequency relationships, but such methods are of little value in age analysis of isolated individuals. The principal difficulty encountered in shell surface analyses arises from an inability to distinguish spawning and disturbance lines from annual marks. Problems associated with this separation have been reduced over the past decade by the discovery of daily and tidal periodicity structures within the shells of numerous Recent and fossil species of pelecypods (Barker, 1964,1970; Pannella & MacClintock, 1968; Clark, 1968; House & Farrow, 1968; Farrow, 1971, 1972). The biological and paleontological significance of such growth increments have been discussed at length by Pannella & MacClintock (1968), Barker (1970), and Clark (1974). When present in continuous sequences, these periodicity structures facilitate an accurate age determination of individual specimens.

scholarly journals Women's Institutes in Imperial Russia in the wording of the normative documents (1764 – early XX century): terms, typology, dates

2021 ◽  
pp. 110-129
Author(s):  
Varvara Vital'evna Ponomareva
Keyword(s):  
Normative Documents ◽  
The Past ◽  
Imperial Russia ◽  
Class Composition ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
First Time ◽  
Departmental Affiliation

The subject of this research is the foundation of women’s education system in the Russian Empire, namely of the Office of the Institutions of Empress Maria, which totaled up to three dozen by the early XX century. Actualization of the knowledge about the best examples of the Russian school in the past is determined by the fundamental importance of education in the context of ongoing modernization of the country. The topic of Women's institutes of Imperial Russia, which existed for over 150 years, is poorly studied. Despite the extensive source base, in the historical literature one can often come across improper names of the institutes, determination of their departmental affiliation, class composition of the students, as well as incorrect dating and topography. Using the historical-systemic and typological analysis, the author determines and clarifies the conceptual framework of the problematic as a necessary research toolset. The author's contribution to selected topic consists in discovery of a wide variety of sources, including those introduced into the scientific discourse for the first time, accurate names of the institutes and variations in the official documents and everyday practice., their renaming and the causes. The article also traces the dynamics of changes in the class and confessional composition of students since the establishment of the institutes until the beginning of the XX century. Subordination and departmental affiliation at different stages of the history of these institutes is clarified.

scholarly journals THE PROBLEM OF DEVELOPING PRACTICAL THINKING THE SUBJECT OF LABOR IN THE RESEARCH OF D. N. ZAVALISHINA

2020 ◽  
pp. 4-15
Author(s):  
А.А. Обознов
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Research ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Social Significance ◽  
Creative Potential ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject

Проанализирован вклад Д.Н. Завалишиной в изучение развития практического мышления субъекта труда. Отмечена социальная значимость психологических исследований развития и самореализации творческого потенциала субъекта труда в современном техногенном мире. Рассмотрены исследования Д.Н. Завалишиной, посвященные творческим аспектам практического мышления и их проявления в профессиональной деятельности. Показано, что автор рассматривает специалиста с позиций онтологического субъекта, что предполагает его соотнесение с основными отношениями к миру; с выбранными им способами существования в этих основных отношениях к миру; с событиями прошлого и будущего в его жизни. The contribution of D. N. Zavalishina to the study of the development of practical thinking of the subject of labor is analyzed. The social significance of psychological research on the development and self-realization of the creative potential of the subject of labor in the modern technogenic world is noted. D. N. Zavalishina's research on creative aspects of practical thinking and their manifestation in professional activity is considered. It is shown that the author considers the specialist from the position of an ontological subject, which implies its correlation with the main relations to the world; with the ways of existence chosen by him in these main relations to the world; with the events of the past and future in his life.

scholarly journals Social anxiety as a factor of establishment of a subjective picture of life path during the regulatory youth crisis

2020 ◽  
pp. 15-31
Author(s):  
Irina Aleksandrovna Ralnikova ◽  
Marina Valer'evna Shamardina
Keyword(s):  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Young People ◽  
Methodological Framework ◽  
Psychological Practice ◽  
The Past ◽  
Scientific Representations ◽  
Emotional Assessment ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Life Path

The subject of this research is the subjective picture of life path at the stage of regulatory youth crisis in the context of social anxiety. The goal consists in determination of the peculiarities of cognitive and emotional assessment of the past, present, and future as the components of subjective picture of life path of young people prone to experiencing social anxiety. The theoretical-methodological framework consists in scientific representations on human as a subject of life path, theory of life path and psychological time, scientific idea of the cognitive-perceptive selectiveness and regulation of social anxiety in the situations of assessment. The scientific novelty of the acquired results consists in the following statements: 1) it is proven that social anxiety is a predictor of the establishment of perceptions on personal past, present and future during the regulatory youth crisis; 2) the invariant tendencies in the character of cognitive and emotional assessment of the components of subjective picture of a life path in youth in case of the escalated social anxiety are determined; 3) variable description of time modus are revealed. The obtained results may be used in psychological practice for conducting psychobiographical consulting and psychological trainings of projecting a life path with young people with the chronic social anxiety and social fears.

scholarly journals Interrelation between professional identity and creativity of students of psychological disciplines

2020 ◽  
pp. 53-62
Author(s):  
Marina Aleksandrovna Matyushina
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Professional Identity ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
State Technical ◽  
Verbal Creativity ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Technical University ◽  
Senior Students

This article is dedicated to the analysis of interrelation between professional identity and creativity of the students of psychological disciplines at different stages of educational process. The subject of this research is the correlation of professional identity and creativity of the students of psychological disciplines. The goal consists in determination of the structure of interrelation between the statuses of professional identity and creativity parameter of the students at different stages of educational process. The conducted survey included 124 students of psychological disciplines from Novosibirsk State Technical University and Siberian State Transport University of 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th years of education. For data collection, the author used the following psychodiagnostic tools: E. P. Torrance’s test of nonverbal creativity; S. Mednick’s test for “Diagnostics of Verbal Creativity”; A. A. Azbel’s and A. G. Gretsov’s methodology for studying the statuses of professional identity; L. B. Schneider’s methodology for studying professional identity. The research demonstrates the presence of correlations between the parameters of verbal creativity (uniqueness) and vague status of professional identity parameters of imagery creativity (resistance to reservations) and formed status of professional identity; parameters of imagery creativity (development and resistance to reservations), and imposed status of professional identity. It was determined that the structures of interrelation between the statuses of professional activity and creativity parameters differ among the students of different years of education. The senior students show stronger correlations between the statuses of professional identity and creativity parameters.

scholarly journals Abundances of Helium in Gaseous Nebulae

1971 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 288-295
Author(s):  
M. J. Seaton
Keyword(s):  
The Past ◽  
Gaseous Nebulae ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Optical Wavelengths

During the past two or three years much work has been done on the determination of helium abundances in gaseous nebulae, using observations at both optical wavelengths and radio wavelengths. I imagine that the organisers of this Discussion must have asked whether the subject should be reviewed by an optical observer or a radio observer, and have finally resolved their dilemma by choosing a speaker who has not made observations at any wavelength whatsoever.

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