scholarly journals The role of gender and anxiety in the association between somatic diseases and depression: findings from three combined epidemiological studies in primary care

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (03) ◽  
pp. 321-332
Author(s):  
E. Asselmann ◽  
J. Venz ◽  
L. Pieper ◽  
H.-U. Wittchen ◽  
D. Pittrow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Endocrine Diseases ◽  
Somatic Disease ◽  
Somatic Diseases

Aims.Although associations between various somatic diseases and depression are well established, findings concerning the role of gender and anxiety disorders for these associations remain fragmented and partly inconsistent. Combining data from three large-scaled epidemiological studies in primary care, we aim to investigate interactions of somatic diseases with gender and anxiety disorders in the association with depression.Methods.Self-reported depression according to the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Edition (ICD-10) was assessed in n = 83 737 patients from three independent studies [DETECT (Diabetes Cardiovascular Risk Evaluation: Targets and Essential Data for Commitment of Treatment), Depression-2000 and Generalized Anxiety and Depression in Primary Care (GAD-P)] using the Depression Screening Questionnaire (DSQ). Diagnoses of depression, anxiety disorders and somatic diseases were obtained from treating physicians via standardised clinical appraisal forms.Results.In logistic regressions, adjusted for gender, age group and study, each somatic disease except for arterial hypertension and endocrine diseases was associated with self-reported depression (odds ratio, OR 1.3–2.6) and each somatic disease was associated with physician-diagnosed depression (OR 1.1–2.4). Most of these associations remained significant after additional adjustment for anxiety disorders and other somatic diseases. The associations with depression increased with a higher number of somatic diseases. Cardiovascular diseases (OR 0.8), diabetes mellitus (OR 0.8) and neurological diseases (OR 0.8) interacted with gender in the association with self-reported depression, while endocrine diseases (OR 0.8) interacted with gender in the association with physician-diagnosed depression. That is, the associations between respective somatic diseases and depression were less pronounced in females v. males. Moreover, cardiovascular diseases (OR 0.7), arterial hypertension (OR 0.8), gastrointestinal diseases (OR 0.7) and neurological diseases (OR 0.6) interacted with anxiety disorders in the association with self-reported depression, and each somatic disease interacted with anxiety disorders in the association with physician-diagnosed depression (OR 0.6–0.8). That is, the associations between respective somatic diseases and depression were less pronounced in patients with v. without anxiety disorders; arterial hypertension was negatively associated with self-reported depression only in patients with anxiety disorders, but not in patients without anxiety disorders.Conclusions.A range of somatic diseases as well as anxiety disorders are linked to depression – and especially patients with co-/multi-morbidity are affected. However, interactions with gender and anxiety disorders are noteworthy and of relevance to potentially improve recognition and treatment of depression by physicians. Somatic diseases are associated more strongly with depression in males v. females as well as in patients without v. with anxiety disorders, primarily because women and patients with anxiety disorders per se are characterised by considerably increased depression prevalence that only marginally changes in the presence of somatic comorbidity.

scholarly journals The Role of Uridine Adenosine Tetraphosphate in the Vascular System

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takayuki Matsumoto ◽  
Rita C. Tostes ◽  
R. Clinton Webb
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Smooth Muscle Cells ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Purinergic Receptors ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Vascular System

The endothelium plays a pivotal role in vascular homeostasis, and endothelial dysfunction is a major feature of cardiovascular diseases, such as arterial hypertension, atherosclerosis, and diabetes. Recently, uridine adenosine tetraphosphate (Up4A) has been identified as a novel and potent endothelium-derived contracting factor (EDCF). Up4A structurally contains both purine and pyrimidine moieties, which activate purinergic receptors. There is an accumulating body of evidence to show that Up4A modulates vascular function by actions on endothelial and smooth muscle cells. In this paper, we discuss the effects of Up4A on vascular function and a potential role for Up4A in cardiovascular diseases.

Ambient air pollution and cardiovascular diseases: From bench to bedside

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 818-825 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Vidale ◽  
Carlo Campana
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Ambient Air Pollution ◽  
Particulate Matter Exposure

Air pollution has a great impact on health, representing one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Previous experimental and epidemiological studies suggested the role of pollutants as risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. For this reason, international guidelines included specific statements regarding the contribution of particulate matter exposure to increase the risk of these events. In this review, we summarise the main evidence concerning the mechanisms involved in the processes linking air pollutants to the development of cardiovascular diseases.

Early identification of anxiety disorders: The role of the pediatrician in primary care

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aubrey L. Carpenter ◽  
Donna B. Pincus ◽  
Ellen C. Perrin ◽  
Megan H. Bair-Merritt ◽  
Nicholas D. Mian
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Early Identification

scholarly journals Place of arterial hypertension in brain lesion development - from minor cognitive disorders to dementia

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-51
Author(s):  
V N Shishkova
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Primary Care Physicians ◽  
Family Doctor ◽  
Brain Lesion ◽  
Cognitive Disorders ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Adequate Treatment ◽  
Leading Position ◽  
Somatic Diseases

He problem of cognitive impairment in patients with somatic diseases today occupies a leading position, as it represents one of the most widespread manifestations of organic brain damage. The role of arterial hypertension(AH) in the formation of cognitive impairment (CI) has been shown in large epidemiological studies. CI detected in 73% of patients of both middle and senior age with hypertension duration of more than 5 years. Early detection of potentially treatable cognitive disorders is one of the most important tasks of the modern practitioner, cardiologist, endocrinologist, family doctor, as the patients in the early stages of CI constitute the majority of people seeking help. In today's world, primary care physicians' actions are often crucial in the prediction of dementia, since the detection of early forms of non-dementia CI and timely and adequate treatment of cardiovascular disease, especially hypertension, is often enough for the severity of the CI patients was significantly decreased, and dementia never came.

scholarly journals The role of profilin-1 in cardiovascular diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 134 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abigail Allen ◽  
David Gau ◽  
Partha Roy
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Actin Cytoskeleton ◽  
Cell Cycle Progression ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Essential Feature ◽  
Actin Binding ◽  
Cycle Progression ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
Damage Response

ABSTRACT Dynamic remodeling of the actin cytoskeleton is an essential feature for virtually all actin-dependent cellular processes, including cell migration, cell cycle progression, chromatin remodeling and gene expression, and even the DNA damage response. An altered actin cytoskeleton is a structural hallmark associated with numerous pathologies ranging from cardiovascular diseases to immune disorders, neurological diseases and cancer. The actin cytoskeleton in cells is regulated through the orchestrated actions of a myriad of actin-binding proteins. In this Review, we provide a brief overview of the structure and functions of the actin-monomer-binding protein profilin-1 (Pfn1) and then discuss how dysregulated expression of Pfn1 contributes to diseases associated with the cardiovascular system.

Pivotal Role Of The Interaction Between Herbal Medicines And Gut Microbiota On Disease Treatment

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tingting Zhao ◽  
Zhe Wang ◽  
Zhilong Liu ◽  
Youhua Xu
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Disease Progression ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Disease Treatment ◽  
Endocrine Diseases ◽  
Health And Disease

: With the recognition of the important role of gut microbiota in both health and disease progression, attempts to modulate its composition as well as its co-metabolism with the organism have attracted special attention. Abundant studies have demonstrated that dysfunction or imbalance of gut microbiota is closely with disease including endocrine diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, tumors, cardiovascular diseases, et al. Herbal medicines have been applied for preventing and treating disease worldwide for hundreds of years. Although the underlying mechanism seems to be complex, one of the important one is through modulating gut microbiota. In this review, co-metabolism between herbal medicines and microbiota, as well as the potential pathways are summarized from most recent published papers.

scholarly journals Circadian Rhythms of the Hypothalamus: From Function to Physiology

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 189-226
Author(s):  
Rachel Van Drunen ◽  
Kristin Eckel-Mahan
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythms ◽  
Energy Homeostasis ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Internal Clock ◽  
The Body ◽  
Hypothalamic Nuclei ◽  
Increased Risk

The nearly ubiquitous expression of endogenous 24 h oscillations known as circadian rhythms regulate the timing of physiological functions in the body. These intrinsic rhythms are sensitive to external cues, known as zeitgebers, which entrain the internal biological processes to the daily environmental changes in light, temperature, and food availability. Light directly entrains the master clock, the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) which lies in the hypothalamus of the brain and is responsible for synchronizing internal rhythms. However, recent evidence underscores the importance of other hypothalamic nuclei in regulating several essential rhythmic biological functions. These extra-SCN hypothalamic nuclei also express circadian rhythms, suggesting distinct regions that oscillate either semi-autonomously or independent of SCN innervation. Concurrently, the extra-SCN hypothalamic nuclei are also sensitized to fluctuations in nutrient and hormonal signals. Thus, food intake acts as another powerful entrainer for the hypothalamic oscillators’ mediation of energy homeostasis. Ablation studies and genetic mouse models with perturbed extra-SCN hypothalamic nuclei function reveal their critical downstream involvement in an array of functions including metabolism, thermogenesis, food consumption, thirst, mood and sleep. Large epidemiological studies of individuals whose internal circadian cycle is chronically disrupted reveal that disruption of our internal clock is associated with an increased risk of obesity and several neurological diseases and disorders. In this review, we discuss the profound role of the extra-SCN hypothalamic nuclei in rhythmically regulating and coordinating body wide functions.

Effects of flavonoids in experimental models of arterial hypertension

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noemi M. Atucha ◽  
Paola Romecín ◽  
Felix Vargas ◽  
Joaquin García-Estañ
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Human Disease ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Many

: Flavonoids are a class of substances of a vegetal origin with many interesting actions from the point of view of human disease. Interest in flavonoids in the diet has increased in recent years due to the publication of basic, clinical and epidemiological studies that have shown a whole array of salutory effects related to intake of flavonols and flavones as well as a lower morbility and mortality of cardiovascular diseases. Since arterial hypertension is the most common modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, this review will focus mainly on the effects of flavonoids on the cardiovascular system with relation to the elevation of blood pressure. Its antihypertensive effects as well as the many investigations performed in experimental models of arterial hypertension are reviewed in this mini-review.

Prevalence of arterial hypertension and other risk factors for cardiovascular diseases in Siberia

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 60-65
Author(s):  
O. L. Barbarash ◽  
D. P. Tsygankova ◽  
G. V. Artamonova
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Siberian Federal District

Hypertension is of interest for many Siberian researchers. Given the climatic, geographical, socio-economic, and ethnic characteristics of the population living in Siberia, addressing this problem has been one of the main goals of large epidemiological studies for several decades. This article discusses the main results of the epidemiological studies conducted in the Siberian Federal District on the prevalence of hypertension and its risk factors.

scholarly journals The role of anxiolytics in the treatment of patients with arterial hypertension accompanied by anxiety disorders

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (Suppl.2) ◽  
pp. 131-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Komsiyska ◽  
◽  
M. Penev ◽  
D. Petrov ◽  
M. Hristova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Arterial Hypertension
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