A Match Made in Heaven? Southern Evangelicalism and the Rise and Fall of Agrarian Populism in the 1890s

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-86
Author(s):  
Mattias Smångs ◽  
Kent Redding
Keyword(s):  
Third Party ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Partisan Politics ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
People's Party ◽  
Evangelical Protestantism ◽  
Southern Religion ◽  
Southern Society ◽  
Religion In The South ◽  
Made In

The agrarian populist movement of the late nineteenth century remains among the largest social movement and third-party revolts in American history. It embodied a full-scale critique and mobilization against the inequities of the Gilded Age, and its influence stretched well into the Progressive and New Deal eras. While most accounts of the movement and party’s emergence and rapid demise have centered on economic conditions and interests, we link movement and third-party emergence and failure to the institutional arena second only to partisan politics in its impact on southern society at large, namely organized religion, particularly evangelical Protestantism. This article offers the first systematic analysis of the extent to which organized religion in the South channeled the mobilization of agrarian populism. The results both support and contradict the argument that agrarian populism was rooted in organized southern religion by suggesting that evangelical Protestantism channeled the mobilization of the Farmers’ Alliance movement but not the People’s Party. While white southern evangelical religion served as a potent cultural resource and mobilizing structure for the movement, the move to partisan politics helped create a disjuncture between movement and party from which Populism never recovered.

scholarly journals Fit for public consumption? An exploratory study of the reporting of nutrition research in UK tabloids with regard to its accuracy, and a preliminary investigation of public attitudes towards it

2008 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1124-1131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea J Basu ◽  
Elaine Hogard
Keyword(s):  
Focus Groups ◽  
Public Attitudes ◽  
Preliminary Investigation ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Teaching Staff ◽  
Analysis Tool ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Nutrition Research ◽  
Public Consumption ◽  
Significant Research

AbstractObjectiveTo explore the quality (accuracy, balance, practical context) of tabloid articles reporting on nutrition research, and public attitudes towards it.DesignA qualitative multi-method study consisting of a systematic analysis of tabloid articles and a series of focus groups with members of the public.SettingTabloid newspapers (nationwide). Focus groups were conducted at a UK university.SubjectsAll UK tabloid newspapers were collated for a full calendar month. Members of the local Women’s Institute and non-teaching staff within the University College Chester were recruited as focus group participants.ResultsTwenty-nine tabloid articles were included. A standardised TAT (Tabloid Analysis Tool) was used a total of thirty-nine times (once for each research study cited). Twenty-six failed to accurately report research results, thirty-six failed to mention significant research limitations, and only five quoted a third-party expert source. Two focus groups, each with eight participants, were conducted. Attitudes expressed were largely negative, highlighting elements of confusion and scepticism. Articles were more likely to be disregarded than acted upon, although some value was attached to newspapers providing nutrition information.ConclusionsTabloid reporting on nutrition research is not sufficiently accurate, balanced or contextualised, and public attitudes towards the reporting are not wholly favourable. Guidance for journalists via registered dietitians and a strengthening of present links could serve to utilise this form of mass media more effectively.

Abaclat and Others (Case Formerly Known as Giovanna a Beccara and Others) v. Argentine Republic

ICSID Reports ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 364-423
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Due Process ◽  
Burden Of Proof ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Foreign Investor ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Host State ◽  
Sovereign Bonds ◽  
Investment Treaty ◽  
Made In

364Jurisdiction — Investment — Contract — Whether a dispute arising out of and in relation to sovereign bonds was an investment treaty dispute rather than a mere contractual dispute — Whether forum selection clauses influenced the place where the alleged investment was deemed to have been madeJurisdiction — Investment — Sovereign bonds — Contribution — Interpretation — Whether security entitlements derived from sovereign bonds constituted obligations or public securities within the definition of investment under the BIT — Whether the investors had made contributions leading to the creation of value that the contracting parties intended to protect under the BITJurisdiction — Investment — ICSID Convention, Article 25 — Interpretation — Salini test — Contribution — Whether the Salini test was the right approach to determine whether an investment had been made — Whether protection of security entitlements derived from sovereign bonds was consistent with the spirit and aim of the ICSID Convention — Whether the ICSID Convention sets the outer limits of consent given under the BITJurisdiction — Investment — Sovereign bonds — Legality — Whether the investment was made in compliance with municipal lawJurisdiction — Investment — Sovereign bonds — Territory — Economic development — Whether the investment was made in the territory of the host State — Whether it was sufficient for the invested funds to have supported the host State’s economic development — Whether it was necessary for investments of a purely financial nature to be linked to a specific economic enterprise or operation taking place in the territory of the host StateJurisdiction — Foreign investor — Nationality — Timing — Whether the investors held the nationality of the home State — Whether natural and juridical persons met certain requirements prior to the registration of the request for arbitrationJurisdiction — Foreign investor — Mass claim — Burden of proof — Whether the investors bore the burden to prove each of them met the requirements of jurisdictionJurisdiction — Foreign investor — Sovereign bonds — ICSID Convention, Article 25 — Whether a party that has purchased security entitlements derived from sovereign bonds through layers of intermediaries may still be classified as the party having made an investmentJurisdiction — Consent — Fraud — Whether the State may invoke the investor’s allegedly fraudulent consent to challenge the validity of the agreement to arbitrate the dispute365Jurisdiction — Consent — Mass claim — Procedure — Whether specific consent was required in regard to the procedure for arbitration in the form of collective proceedings or collective mass claimsJurisdiction — Consent — Prior consultation — Domestic litigation requirement — Whether prior consultation and domestic litigation requirements in the dispute resolution clause of a BIT were relevant to whether the host State consented to arbitrationAdmissibility — Mass claim — ICSID Convention — Denial of justice — Whether the mass aspect of a dispute was admissible under the current ICSID framework — Whether to deny the admissibility of mass claims would be a denial of justiceAdmissibility — Prior consultation — Domestic litigation requirement — Whether the failure to meet the requirements of prior consultation and domestic litigation rendered the claims inadmissible — Whether municipal courts would have resolved the dispute within 18 monthsProcedure — Mass claim — ICSID Convention — ICSID Arbitration Rules — Interpretation — Whether the silence of the ICSID framework in respect of collective proceedings was to be interpreted as a gap — Whether a tribunal may adapt the ICSID Arbitration Rules to enable the group examination of claims in accordance with the object and purpose of the ICSID Convention — Whether the claims of multiple claimants were identical or sufficiently homogeneous to allow for their group examination — Whether group examination would meet standards of due processProcedure — Withdrawal — Mass claim — ICSID Institution Rule 8 — Whether certain investors had withdrawn their consent prior to registration of the request for arbitrationProcedure — Discontinuance — Mass claim — ICSID Arbitration Rule 44 — Whether the request of certain investors for discontinuance should be granted — Whether discontinuance of some investors required the termination of the arbitrationAdmissibility — Abuse of rights — Agent — ICSID Arbitration Rule 18 — Whether the ulterior interests of a third party acting as agent in the arbitration constituted an abuse of rights by the investorsProcedure — Evidence — ICSID Arbitration Rule 25 — Request for arbitration — ICSID Convention, Article 36(2) — Whether updated annexes to the request for arbitration containing information related to each investor were admissible — Whether the introduction of evidence violated the requirements of the request for arbitration by unilaterally updating the identity of the parties366 Costs — Discontinuance — Whether investors who discontinued their participation in the proceeding should bear their own legal costs and a share of the arbitration costsInterpretation — ICSID Convention — Policy — Whether policy considerations were relevant to determine whether the tribunal had jurisdiction over claims arising from sovereign bonds — Whether policy considerations were relevant to determine whether mass claims were admissible

scholarly journals Situating Politics: Spatial Heterogeneity and the Study of Political History

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Slez
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Data ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Political Action ◽  
Ethnic Composition ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Use Of Time ◽  
Parameter Heterogeneity ◽  
Global Regression ◽  
Party Support

While quantitative methods are routinely used to examine historical materials, critics take issue with the use of global regression models that attach a single parameter to each predictor, thereby ignoring the effects of time and space, which together define the context in which historical events unfold. This problem can be addressed by allowing for parameter heterogeneity, as highlighted by the proliferation of work on the use of time-varying parameter models. In this paper, I show how this approach can be extended to the case of spatial data using spatially-varying coefficient models, with an eye toward the study of electoral politics, where the use of spatial data is especially common in historical settings. Toward this end, I revisit a critical case in the field of quantitative history: the rise of electoral Populism in the American West in the period between 1890 and 1896. Upending popular narratives about the correlates of third- party support in the late nineteenth century, I show that the association between third- party vote share and traditional predictors such as economic hardship and ethnic composition varied considerably from one place to the next, giving rise to distinct varieties of electoral Populism—a finding that is missed by global models, which mistake the mathematically particular for the historically general. These findings have important theoretical and empirical implications for the study of political action in a world where parameter heterogeneity is increasingly recognized as a standard feature of modern social science.

scholarly journals Frequent Crisis and Modern Trends Associated with HAZOP Study in Plants and Industrial Units

2020 ◽  
pp. 43-50
Author(s):  
Kunal Sharma ◽  
Rahul Lodha
Keyword(s):  
Best Practice ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Environmental Concerns ◽  
Chemical Processing ◽  
Legal Requirement ◽  
Project Costs ◽  
Process Hazards ◽  
Financial Environment ◽  
Made In ◽  
Industrial Units

Hazard and operability (HAZOP) analysis has a well-deserved reputation for systematic and thorough evaluation of process hazards in industrial units. The method is now widely known and is in prevalent use in the chemical processing industries; so much so that in many industries performing a HAZOP has become a legal requirement for new or modified industrial units. A number of guides exist for conducting HAZOPs, the most recent being the IChemE guidelines on finest practice – second edition, published in the year 2008. In exercise however, following best practice is not that easy and many compromises have to be made in order to finish the task an added hurdle occurs when the HAZOP is led by a self-governing leader from an external company or third party as is increasingly the case. In this circumstance the person in charge also has to satisfy the customer or customer’s requirements which do not always match to the best custom. In addition there is a drift to lessen HAZOP study scope to safety health and environmental concerns only and to exclude operability and consistency issues. This has resulted from a observance mindset, possibly in an attempt to lessen liabilities. HAZOP is increasingly being seen as a conformity tool rather than as a tactic to ensure a secure, trustworthy and well designed plant. With the current financial environment we can expect these hitches to increase as project costs come under enhanced pressure and the extent of many projects is reduced. This paper discusses some of the more frequent crisis that occur during HAZOPs and some of the possible solutions in industrial units.

scholarly journals The Linkage of the Board of Directors and the Status of Aviation Industry Licensing Law

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
LESTARI NINGRUM
Keyword(s):  
Legal Status ◽  
Limited Liability ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Aviation Industry ◽  
Limited Liability Company ◽  
Basic Capital ◽  
The Status ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
Capital Intensive ◽  
Made In

Aviation business is a capital intensive and high risk in terms of safety. Legislation in force in Indonesia requires enterprises should cost in the form of a limited liability company that is obliged to deposit the basic capital of 500 billion rupiah. The capital cannot be made in working capital which is useful for the collateral to a third party. The regulations for a limited liability company are to be established by at least 2 people. The purpose of this research is to analyze the linkage of the board directors and the status of aviation industry licensing law. The position of the legal status of business entities where shareholder is only one person is to be studied in this descriptive study. The result shows that the airlines company should provide the capital risk and high insurance of the third party. UUPT also has given the authority of the shareholders (who owns 20 % of the share) to be decision makers in the company. However, without independent surveillance, it is possible that the shareholders do some mistakes in making decisions. Some mistakes are related to the policy, the using of authorized capital, and others. Aviation business is a capital intensive and high risk in terms of safety. Legislation in force in Indonesia requires enterprises should cost in the form of a limited liability company that is obliged to deposit the basic capital of 500 billion rupiah. The capital cannot be made in working capital which is useful for the collateral to a third party. The regulations for a limited liability company are to be established by at least 2 people. The position of the legal status of business entities where shareholder is only one person is to be studied in this descriptive study.

Getting Partisan

2020 ◽  
pp. 181-218
Author(s):  
Adam Slez
Keyword(s):  
Republican Party ◽  
Party Politics ◽  
Third Party ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Field ◽  
People's Party ◽  
To Come ◽  
Over Time

This chapter traces the rise and fall of electoral Populism in southern Dakota. It begins by examining the transformation of the political field in Dakota Territory, where politics was traditionally organized around the fight for patronage. Excluded from power by the dominant faction of the Republican Party, the leaders of the Farmers’ Alliance turned to third-party politics as a means of waging war on their more elite rivals. I show that support for Populist candidates was closely with Alliance strength, though this relationship weakened over time as the People’s Party took on a life of its own. Major victories were hard to come by in the absence of electoral fusion. The free silver question served as a rallying point for pro-fusion forces, which succeeded in taking power. Unable to manage the distribution of patronage, the fusionist coalition quickly collapsed, taking what was left of the Populist movement with it.

The Negro Buildings

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan Cardon
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
African American ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
New Negro ◽  
Black Professionals ◽  
Racial Science ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Southern Society ◽  
African American Leaders

Chapter 2 examines the creation of and role played by the Negro Buildings at the Atlanta and Nashville fairs. These African American–run buildings gave southern black professionals and clerics an opportunity to voice their own story of the South’s past, present, and future. The buildings presented an image of a “New Negro” who was well versed in the modern techniques of industry and agriculture. The Negro Building exhibits presented black southerners as a progressive and future-oriented people who challenged much of the evolutionary thinking and racial science of the late nineteenth century. At the same time, the Negro Buildings make clear the ways some African American leaders embraced the language of progress and civilization to accommodate white southern society.

scholarly journals Mathematical Modeling and Data Analysis of Nmr Experiments Using Hyperpolarized 13C Metabolites

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. MRI.S11084 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guilhem Pagès ◽  
Philip W. Kuchel
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Polarization ◽  
Magnetic Field Gradient ◽  
Pulse Sequences ◽  
Rapid Imaging ◽  
Rf Pulses ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Hyperpolarized 13C ◽  
Rapid Dissolution ◽  
Made In ◽  
Critical Aspects

Rapid-dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) has made significant impact in the characterization and understanding of metabolism that occurs on the sub-minute timescale in several diseases. While significant efforts have been made in developing applications, and in designing rapid-imaging radiofrequency (RF) and magnetic field gradient pulse sequences, very few groups have worked on implementing realistic mathematical/kinetic/relaxation models to fit the emergent data. The critical aspects to consider when modeling DNP experiments depend on both nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and (bio)chemical kinetics. The former constraints are due to the relaxation of the NMR signal and the application of ‘read’ RF pulses, while the kinetic constraints include the total amount of each molecular species present. We describe the model-design strategy we have used to fit and interpret our DNP results. To our knowledge, this is the first report on a systematic analysis of DNP data.

Poverty Line: A Definitional Progress in India

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepti Kakar
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Line ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Expert Group ◽  
Think Tank ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Historical Origin ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Made In

The origin of poverty in India lies in the historical origin of the country itself. However, defining poverty to entail its measurement and removal is of recent origins – the first attempt being made in late nineteenth century. With the passage of time, better understanding of the multi-dimensional nature of poverty occurred. In this paper, the authors attempt to track the evolution of the definition of poverty in India. These include the official changes that have taken place from time to time as well as some independent suggestions made by eminent researchers of the field which have received critical acclaim within the think-tank of poverty researchers. The definition of poverty or poverty line has been trailed chronologically beginning in the British era in pre-Independent India to the latest on poverty line officially. The exploration by the authors reveals that in India poverty had been traditionally looked at as insufficiency to attain subsistence and all the attempts at poverty line definitions were anchored to the Food Energy Intake method. More recently, the recommendations by the Tendulkar Committee and Rangarajan Expert Group include a shift away from the calorie norms to the cost of basic needs method which looks at basic requirements of food and non-food items. Along with the recommendation of various expert groups that defined poverty line (official) for India, the contentions raised by fraternity are also discussed.

Middlemen in Third-World Corruption: Implications of an Indian Case

1987 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 508-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Oldenburg
Keyword(s):  
Third World ◽  
Political Change ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
The Third ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Third World ◽  
Made In

Corruption—like the weather—is a phenomenon people in the third world talk about a great deal, and, it would seem, do little about. Scholars of political change in the third world share this interest, but—although they are usually not expected to deal with corruption itself —they should move beyond the recounting of vivid anecdotes to a more systematic analysis of the problem. Steps in this direction were made in the 1960s and 1970s, but surprisingly little more work has been done since.

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