Factors Affecting Isoflavone Content in Soybean Seeds: Changes in Isoflavones, Saponins, and Composition of Fatty Acids at Different Temperatures during Seed Development

1995 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 1184-1192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chigen Tsukamoto ◽  
Shinji Shimada ◽  
Kazunori Igita ◽  
Shigemitsu Kudou ◽  
Makie Kokubun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Seed Development ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Isoflavone Content ◽  
Different Temperatures

scholarly journals Shading of the mother plant during seed development promotes subsequent seed germination in soybean

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (6) ◽  
pp. 2072-2084 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Chen ◽  
Wenguan Zhou ◽  
Han Yin ◽  
Xiaofeng Luo ◽  
Wei Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seed Development ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Mother Plant ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Maize Plants ◽  
Aba Biosynthesis

Abstract The effect of shading during seed development on subsequent germination remains largely unknown. In this study, two soybean (Glycine max) seed production systems, monocropping (MC) and maize–soybean intercropping (IC), were employed to examine the effects of shading of the mother plant on subsequent seed germination. Compared to the MC soybean seeds, which received light, the developing IC seeds were exposed to shade resulting from the taller neighboring maize plants. The IC seeds germinated faster than the MC seeds, although there was no significant difference in the thickness of the seed coat. The concentration of soluble pro-anthocyanidin in the IC seed coat was significantly lower than that in the MC seed coat. Changes in the concentrations of several types of fatty acids in IC seeds were also observed, the nature of which were consistent with the effect on germination. The expression levels of genes involved in abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthesis were down-regulated in IC seeds, while the transcription levels of the genes related to gibberellin (GA) biosynthesis were up-regulated. This was consistently reflected in decreased ABA concentrations and increased active GA4 concentrations in IC seeds, resulting in an increased GA4/ABA ratio. Our results thus indicated that shading of the mother plant during seed development in soybean promoted subsequent germination by mediating the biosynthesis of pro-anthocyanidins, fatty acids, and phytohormones.

scholarly journals Factors Affecting Isoflavone Content in Soybean Seeds Grown in Thailand

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Supanimit Teekachunhatean ◽  
Nutthiya Hanprasertpong ◽  
Thawatchai Teekachunhatean
Keyword(s):  
Seed Quality ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Storage Condition ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Planting Date ◽  
Common Source ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Isoflavone Content

Soybeans are the most common source of isoflavones in human foods. The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of Thai soybean variety, planting date, physical seed quality, storage condition, planting location, and crop year on isoflavone content, as well as to analyze the relationship between seed viability and isoflavone content in soybean seeds grown in Thailand. Isoflavone content in Thai soybeans varied considerably depending on such factors as variety, physical seed quality, crop year, planting date (even in the same crop year), and planting location. Most varieties (except for Nakhon Sawan 1 and Sukhothai 1) had significantly higher isoflavone content when planted in early rather than in late dry season. Additionally, seed viability as well as long-term storage at10∘Cor at ambient condition seemed unlikely to affect isoflavone content in Thai soybean varieties. Isoflavone content in soybean seeds grown in Thailand depends on multiple genetic and environmental factors. Some varieties (Nakhon Sawan 1 and Sukhothai 1) exhibited moderately high isoflavone content regardless of sowing date. Soybeans with decreased seed viability still retained their isoflavone content.

scholarly journals Effect of Nitrogen Fertilisation and Inoculation with Bradyrhizobium japonicum on the Fatty Acid Profile of Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) Seeds

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 941
Author(s):  
Ewa Szpunar-Krok ◽  
Anna Wondołowska-Grabowska ◽  
Dorota Bobrecka-Jamro ◽  
Marta Jańczak-Pieniążek ◽  
Andrzej Kotecki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Bradyrhizobium Japonicum ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Oilseed Crop ◽  
Soybean Cultivars

Soybean is a valuable protein and oilseed crop ranked among the most significant of the major crops. Field experiments were carried out in 2016–2019 in South-East Poland. The influence of soybean cultivars (Aldana, Annushka), nitrogen fertilizer (0, 30, 60 kg∙ha−1 N) and inoculation with B. japonicum (control, HiStick® Soy, Nitragina) on the content of fatty acids (FA) in soybean seeds was investigated in a three-factorial experiment. This study confirms the genetic determinants of fatty acid composition in soybean seeds and their differential accumulation levels for C16:0, C16:1, C18:1n9, C18:2, C18:3, and C20:0 as well saturated (SFA), monounsaturated (MUFA), and polyunsaturated (PUFA) fatty acids. Increasing the rate from 30 to 60 kg ha−1 N did not produce the expected changes, suggesting the use of only a “starter” rate of 30 kg ha−1 N. Inoculation of soybean seeds with a strain of Bradyrhizobium japonicum (HiStick® Soy, BASF, Littlehampton, UK and Nitragina, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation–State Research Institute, Puławy, Poland) is recommended as it will cause a decrease in SFA and C16:0 acid levels. This is considered nutritionally beneficial as its contribution to total fatty acids determines the hypercholesterolemic index, and it is the third most accumulated fatty acid in soybean seeds. The interaction of cultivars and inoculation formulation on fatty acid content of soybean seeds was demonstrated. An increase in the value of C16:0 content resulted in a decrease in the accumulation of C18:1, C18:2, and C18:3 acids. The content of each decreased by almost one unit for every 1% increase in C16:0 content. The dominant effect of weather conditions on the FA profile and C18:2n6/C18:3n3 ratio was demonstrated. This suggests a need for further evaluation of the genetic progress of soybean cultivars with respect to fatty acid composition and content under varying habitat conditions.

STORAGE TEMPERATURE AS A FACTOR OF FAT MIGRATION IN GLAZED SUGARY CONFECTIONERY PRODUCTS

1970 ◽  
pp. 78-80
Author(s):  
N. B. Kondratyev ◽  
Е. V. Kazantsev ◽  
O. S. Rudenko ◽  
N. А. Petrova ◽  
I. А. Belova
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Migration Rate ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Polymorphic Form ◽  
Specific Rate ◽  
Confectionery Products ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Physical And Chemical Quality ◽  
Physical And Chemical

The fat migration processes by changing the fatty acid composition of individual parts of glazed sweets with praline-type bodies (based on peanuts) during storage at different temperatures was studied. The main mechanism of mass transfer is considered to be the fat migration through the volume of products through the capillaries. The maximum migration rate of the liquid fat phase is at a storage temperature of 23-25 ° C in samples without transisomers of unsaturated fatty acids. Its reduction is possible with the introduction of 20-30% lauric acid into the fat fraction of products. The crystalline structure of the confectionery fats included in the candy fillings has a significant effect on the migration rate of the liquid fat phase into the glaze. The smallest one corresponded to fats in the β-polymorphic form with an admixture of no more than 3% crystals in the β'-polymorphic form. The specific rate of fat migration has been calculated taking into account the size of a glazed sweets model samples. When in storage temperature increases from 18 to 27 ˚С, it increased 1.7 times. The results of studies of changes in the composition of fatty acids of model samples individual parts of glazed sweets during storage at temperatures of 18 and 27 °C are presented. The proposed approach makes it possible to predict the fat migration processes rate. The comprehensive assessment methodology, which includes the determination of physical and chemical quality indicators during storage, the regularities of fat migration and microbiological changes, will justify the requirements for the technology parameters and the recipe composition of glazed sugary confectionery products with a given expiration date.

Determination of soluble carbohydrates, lactic acid and volatile fatty acids in soils and biological media

1929 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 649-655 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Subrahmanyan
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
Biological Media ◽  
Factors Affecting

Methods for extraction, concentration and determination of minute quantities of soluble carbohydrates, lactic acid and volatile fatty acids have been described. Different factors affecting the accuracy of the determinations have been studied and corrections, where necessary, have been suggested.

Agronomic Performance of Recombinant Inbred Line Populations Segregating for Isoflavone Content in Soybean Seeds

Crop Science ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 2203-2211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerio S. Primomo ◽  
Vaino Poysa ◽  
Gary R. Ablett ◽  
Chung-Ja Jackson ◽  
Istvan Rajcan
Keyword(s):  
Inbred Line ◽  
Recombinant Inbred Line ◽  
Recombinant Inbred ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
Isoflavone Content

scholarly journals Simultaneous Determination of C18 Fatty Acids in Milk by GC-MS

Separations ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 118
Author(s):  
Meiqing Chen ◽  
Yangdong Zhang ◽  
Fengen Wang ◽  
Nan Zheng ◽  
Jiaqi Wang
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Uht Milk ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Accuracy And Precision ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Chromatographic Resolution ◽  
Commercial Milk

The determination of C18 fatty acids (FAs) is a key and difficult aspect in FA profiling, and a qualified method with good chromatographic separation and high sensitivity, as well as easy methylation, is required. A GC-MS method was established to simultaneously determine C18 FAs in milk. To simplify the methylation protocol for milk samples, besides a base-catalyzation methylation (50 °C for 20 min), the necessity of an additional acid-catalyzation was also studied using different temperatures (60 °C, 70 °C, 80 °C, and 90 °C) and durations (90 min and 150 min). The results showed that the chromatographic resolution was improved, although three co-eluted peaks existed. The base-catalyzation was sufficient, and an additional acid-catalyzation was not necessary. The proposed method was validated with good sensitivity, linearity, accuracy, and precision, and then applied in determining C18 FAs in 20 raw milk and 30 commercial milk samples. UHT milk presented a different profile of C18 FAs from raw milk and PAS milk samples, which indicated that excessive heating could change the profile. Overall, the proposed method is a high-throughput and competent approach for the determination of C18 FAs in milk, and which presents an improvement in chromatographic resolution and sensitivity, as well as a simplification of methylation.

Distribution of fatty acids during germination of soybean seeds

1973 ◽  
Vol 50 (8) ◽  
pp. 282-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. C. Joshi ◽  
B. K. Chopra ◽  
L. C. Collins ◽  
V. M. Doctor
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Soybean Seeds

The hydrolysis and biogas production of complex cellulosic substrates using three anaerobic biomass sources

2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 293-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Keating ◽  
D. Cysneiros ◽  
T. Mahony ◽  
V. O'Flaherty
Keyword(s):  
Biogas Production ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Rate Limiting Step ◽  
Solid Substrates ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Anaerobic Biomass ◽  
Rate Limiting ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

In this study, the ability of various sludges to digest a diverse range of cellulose and cellulose-derived substrates was assessed at different temperatures to elucidate the factors affecting hydrolysis. For this purpose, the biogas production was monitored and the specific biogas activity (SBA) of the sludges was employed to compare the performance of three anaerobic sludges on the degradation of a variety of complex cellulose sources, across a range of temperatures. The sludge with the highest performance on complex substrates was derived from a full-scale bioreactor treating sewage at 37 °C. Hydrolysis was the rate-limiting step during the degradation of complex substrates. No activity was recorded for the synthetic cellulose compound carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) using any of the sludges tested. Increased temperature led to an increase in hydrolysis rates and thus SBA values. The non-granular nature of the mesophilic sludge played a positive role in the hydrolysis of solid substrates, while the granular sludges proved more effective on the degradation of soluble compounds.

Factors Affecting Plasma Free Fatty Acids Rise during Hemodialysis

1988 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Mingardi ◽  
E. Branca ◽  
M. Cini ◽  
A.M. Codegoni ◽  
G. Mecca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Free Fatty Acids ◽  
Plasma Lipids ◽  
Unknown Mechanism ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Plasma Free Fatty Acids ◽  
Plasma Triglycerides ◽  
Plasma Ffa ◽  
Acute Changes

We studied the mechanisms responsible for causing acute changes in plasma lipids during hemodialysis. Dialysis decreased plasma triglycerides to the same extent as when heparin was given without dialysis. Cholesterol increased in proportion to hemoconcentration. Plasma free fatty acids (FFA) levels were also increased, but more so than with heparin alone. Glucose and acetate did not play a role, nor did carnitine loss, and hemofiltration elicited similar effects. The rise in plasma FFA is therefore likely to be caused by other as yet unknown mechanism.

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