Glycine Propionyl-L-carnitine Modulates Lipid Peroxidation and Nitric Oxide in Human Subjects

2009 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 131-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard J. Bloomer ◽  
Lesley C. Tschume ◽  
Webb A. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Lipid Profiles ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Main Effects

Objective: To determine the efficacy of glycine propionyl-L-carnitine (GPLC) to decrease lipid peroxidation, elevate nitric oxide, and improve blood lipid profiles in human subjects. Methods: Thirty untrained, normolipidemic subjects performed eight weeks of supervised aerobic exercise while supplementing GPLC at one of two doses (1 or 3 grams daily of PLC + glycine) or placebo, following random assignment in a double-blind manner. Fasting blood samples were analyzed at rest for malondialdehyde, nitric oxide, and lipids before and after the intervention. Results: Malondialdehyde was decreased (p<0.05) from pre- to post-intervention with 1 g GPLC (1.08±0.24 vs. 0.69±0.25 µmol·L -1) and 3 g GPLC (0.94±0.18 vs. 0.66±0.17 µmol·L -1), but did not change statistically (p>0.05) with placebo (1.12±0.21 vs. 1.03±0.23 µmol·L -1). Nitric oxide was increased (p<0.05) from pre- to post-intervention with 3 g GPLC (21.34±2.27 vs. 29.46±3.61 µmol·L -1), but did not change statistically (p>0.05) with 1 g GPLC (23.22±4.13 vs. 26.24±4.32 µmol·L -1) or placebo (24.31±3.90 vs. 26.14±4.11 µmol·L -1). No main effects or interaction effects were noted for blood lipids (p>0.05). Conclusion: GPLC supplementation combined with eight weeks of aerobic exercise decreases lipid peroxidation and elevates nitric oxide, but does not further improve blood lipid profiles in normolipidemic subjects.

scholarly journals Genetic variation of RNF145 gene and blood lipid levels in Xinjiang population, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Ming ◽  
Xian Wei ◽  
Min Han ◽  
Dilare Adi ◽  
Jialin Abuzhalihan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Ring Finger ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Lipid Profiles ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
General Linear Model Analysis ◽  
Confounding Variables ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Detection Response

AbstractDyslipidemia is one of the main risk factors for coronary heart disease (CHD). The E3 ubiquitin ligase which is encoded by the ring finger protein 145 (RNF145) gene is very important in the mediation of cholesterol synthesis and effectively treats hypercholesterolemia. Thus, the purpose of the present research is to investigate the connection between the polymorphism of the RNF145 gene and cholesterol levels in the populations in Xinjiang, China. A total of 1396 participants (Male: 628, Female: 768) were included in this study for genetic analysis of RNF145 gene, and we used the modified multiple connection detection response (iMLDR) technology to label two SNPs (rs17056583, rs12188266) of RNF145 genotyping. The relationship between the genotypes and the lipid profiles was analyzed with general linear model analysis after adjusting confounding variables. Through the analysis of the two SNPs in RNF145 gene, we discovered that both rs17056583 and rs12188266 were related to total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) concentrations (All P < 0.001). In addition, the association of rs17056583 and rs12188266 with lipid profiles concentrations is still statistically significant after multivariate adjustment of sex, age, smoking, obesity, drinking, diabetes, hypertension and lipid profiles. Meanwhile, we also found that rs17056583 was associated with high triglycerides concentrations before and after adjustment (All P < 0.001). Our study shows that both rs17056583 and rs12188266 SNPs of RNP145 gene are related to TC and LDL-C concentrations in Xinjiang population.

scholarly journals Effect of 12 Months of Exercise with Stachys Lavandulifolia Consumption on anxiety, Metabolic Syndrome Profiles and Antioxidant Defense and Lipid Peroxidation in Women with Syndrome Metabolic

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali osali ◽  
Alireza Rostami
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Training Group ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Before And After

Abstract BackgroundThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of 12 months of aerobic exercise combining stachys lavandulifolia (S. lavandulifolia) consumption on anxiety, Metabolic Syndrome profiles and antioxidant defense (Glutathione) and lipid peroxidation (Malondialdehyde) in 50-65 years old women with syndrome metabolic.Methods48 women with syndrome Metabolic were randomly divided into four groups: exercise (n=12), exercise+S. lavandulifolia (n=12), S. lavandulifolia (n=12) and control group (n=12). S. lavandulifolia groups consumed 3 g aerial parts of S. lavandulifolia daily. Training groups performed an exercise protocol of aerobic exercise for 12 months (three sessions per week). Blood samples were obtained before and after training period for antioxidant indicators and lipid degradation measurement. Also, Beck anxiety questionnaire used for evaluating levels of anxiety. T-test and one-way analysis of variance were used for the evaluation of within-group and between-group differences, respectively.ResultsA significant increase was observed in serum levels of Malondialdehyde (P =0.004), Catalase indexes (Pvalue= 0.01), and Glutathione (P=0.001) in the training group and S. lavandulifolia groups after 12 months. Body weight, BMI, and SBP and Anexiety was decreased significantly greater in exercise +S. lavandulifolia group compared to control, exercise and S. lavandulifolia groups (P=0.001)ConclusionAnxiolytic effect and Anti-Oxidative Stress Activity was seen, so taking S. lavandulifolia along with exercises may have beneficial effects on reinforcement the antioxidant system and prevention of anxiety and The negative effects of indicators related to cardiovascular disease in women with metabolic syndrome.

scholarly journals Time Course and Magnitude of Tolerance to the Ergogenic Effect of Caffeine on the Second Ventilatory Threshold

Life ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 343
Author(s):  
Carlos Ruiz-Moreno ◽  
Beatriz Lara ◽  
Jorge Gutiérrez-Hellín ◽  
Jaime González-García ◽  
Juan Del Coso
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Ventilatory Threshold ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Ergogenic Effect ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Main Effects

Pre-exercise caffeine ingestion has been shown to increase the workload at ventilatory threshold, suggesting an ergogenic effect of this stimulant on submaximal aerobic exercise. However, the time course of tolerance to the effect of caffeine on ventilatory threshold is unknown. This study aimed to determine the evolution of tolerance to the ergogenic effect of caffeine on the ventilatory threshold. Methods: Eleven participants (age 32.3 ± 4.9 yrs, height 171 ± 8 cm, body mass 66.6 ± 13.6 kg, VO2max = 48.0 ± 3.8 mL/kg/min) took part in a longitudinal, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized, crossover experimental design. Each participant took part in two identical treatments: in one treatment, participants ingested a capsule containing 3 mg of caffeine per kg of body mass per day (mg/kg/day) for twenty consecutive days; in the other treatment, participants ingested a capsule filled with a placebo for the same duration and frequency. During these treatments, participants performed a maximal ramp test on a cycle ergometer three times per week and the second ventilatory threshold (VT2) was assessed by using the ventilatory equivalents for oxygen and carbon dioxide. Results: A two-way ANOVA with repeated measures (substance × time) revealed statistically significant main effects of caffeine (p < 0.01) and time (p = 0.04) on the wattage obtained at VT2, although there was no interaction (p = 0.09). In comparison to the placebo, caffeine increased the workload at VT2 on days 1, 4, 6 and 15 of ingestion (p < 0.05). The size of the ergogenic effect of caffeine over the placebo on the workload at VT2 was progressively reduced with the duration of the treatment. In addition, there were main effects of caffeine (p = 0.03) and time (p = 0.16) on VO2 obtained at VT2, with no interaction (p = 0.49). Specifically, caffeine increased oxygen uptake at VT2 on days 1 and 4 (p < 0.05), with no other caffeine–placebo differences afterwards. For heart rate obtained at VT2, there was a main effect of substance (p < 0.01), while the overall effect of time (p = 0.13) and the interaction (p = 0.22) did not reach statistical significance. Heart rate at VT2 was higher with caffeine than with the placebo on days 1 and 4 (p < 0.05). The size of the effect of caffeine on VO2 and heart at VT2 tended to decline over time. Conclusion: Pre-exercise intake of 3 mg/kg/day of caffeine for twenty days enhanced the wattage obtained at VT2 during cycling ramp tests for ~15 days of ingestion, while there was a progressive attenuation of the size of the ergogenic effect of caffeine on this performance variable. Therefore, habituation to caffeine through daily ingestion may reduce the ergogenic effect of this stimulant on aerobic exercise of submaximal intensity.

The Combination of Aerobic and Resistance Exercise Induces Weight Loss via the PGC-1α/Irisin/UCP-1 Pathway

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1388-1394
Author(s):  
Hong Deng ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Dingguo Ruan ◽  
Dezhi Chen ◽  
Xiaoyang Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
The Body ◽  
Lipid Levels ◽  
Reduced Body ◽  
Blood Lipid Levels

Obesity is a modern disease and the cause is quite complicated. This study explores the effects of aerobic and resistance exercise on weight loss and their relationship with the PGC-1α/Irisin/UCP-1 signaling pathway. First, we selected 52 obese students for aerobic and resistance exercise. Second, we established an obesity rat model, and then subjected them to 12 weeks of aerobic and resistance exercise. The body weights and blood lipid contents of all the subjects were measured, and mRNA and protein expressions were determined via real-time PCR and western blot. In obese students, aerobic exercise and the combination of aerobic and resistance exercise significantly reduced body weight and blood lipid levels. In obese model rats, aerobic and resistance exercise significantly reduced the body weight, blood lipid levels, and increased the PGC-1, Irisin, and UCP-1 levels. Furthermore, the combined effects of aerobic and resistance exercise were similar to those of prolonged aerobic exercise in both human subjects and model rats. The mechanism of weight loss via aerobic and resistance exercise may be related to the PGC-1α/Irisin/UCP-1 pathway, and the combination of aerobic and resistance exercise may be a more suitable weight loss option for obese patients.

scholarly journals Effect of 6 Weeks of Aerobic Training with Nanocurcumin Consumption on IL1β, Nitric Oxide, and Depression in Women with Metabolic Syndrome

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Osali ◽  
Alireza Rostami
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Aerobic Training ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Training Group ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Obese People ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After

Abstract Backgrounds and ObjectivesThe use of anti-inflammatory supplements is important in improving the executive function of obese people. The aim of this research was to investigate the effect of 6 weeks of aerobic exercise with moderate intensity and consumption of nanocurcumin on IL1β, nitric oxide, and depression in women aged 60-65 with metabolic syndrome. Materials and Methods44 women with metabolic syndrome (MetS) were randomly selected and divided into four groups of 10, including MetS exercise+ Curcumin (MECU), MetS exercise (ME), MetS NanoCurcumin (MCU), MetS control (MC Training groups performed an exercise protocol of aerobic exercise for 6 weeks (three sessions per week). Blood samples were obtained before and after the training period for antioxidant indicators and lipid degradation measurement. Also, the Beck anxiety questionnaire was used for evaluating levels of anxiety. T-test and one-way analysis of variance were used for the evaluation of within-group and between-group differences, respectively.ResultsThere was a significant difference in IL1β, nitric oxide (NO), and depression before and after exercise in all three experimental groups (p≤0.05). Also, the results showed a significant difference in the level of NO and depression in the research groups. The highest decrease in these variables was observed in the aerobic training group and training with nanocurcumin consumption group (p≤0.05).ConclusionThese findings indicated that six-week nanocurcumin supplementation with aerobic training is a suitable method for reducing IL1β and NO and depression, preventing metabolic, cardiovascular, and inflammatory diseases in women with metabolic syndrome.Name of the registry: IR.SEMUMS.REC.1396.107Trial registration number: IRCT2017082335857N1

scholarly journals Moderate aerobic exercise, but not anticipation of exercise, improves cognitive control

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. e0242270
Author(s):  
Maximilian Bergelt ◽  
Vanessa Fung Yuan ◽  
Richard O’Brien ◽  
Laura E. Middleton ◽  
Wellington Martins dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Control ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Flanker Task ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Linear Mixed Effects ◽  
Mixed Effects Modeling ◽  
Single Bout ◽  
Main Effects

Background Evidence suggests a single bout of exercise can improve cognitive control. However, many studies only include assessments after exercise. It is unclear whether exercise changes as a result, or in anticipation, of exercise. Objective To examine changes in cognitive control due to moderate aerobic exercise, and anticipation of such exercise. Methods Thirty-one young healthy adults (mean age 22 years; 55% women) completed three conditions (randomized order): 1) exercise (participants anticipated and completed exercise); 2) anticipation (participants anticipated exercise but completed rest); and 3) rest (participants anticipated and completed rest). Cognitive control was assessed with a modified Flanker task at three timepoints: (1) early (20 min pre-intervention, pre-reveal in anticipation session); (2) pre-intervention (after reveal); and (3) post-intervention. An accuracy-weighted response time (RTLISAS) was the primary outcome, analyzed with a linear mixed effects modeling approach. Results There was an interaction between condition and time (p = 0.003) and between session and time (p = 0.015). RTLISAS was better post-exercise than post-rest and post-deception, but was similar across conditions at other timepoints. RTLISAS improved across time in session 1 and session 2, but did not improve over time in session 3. There were also main effects of condition (p = 0.024), session (p = 0.005), time (p<0.001), and congruency (p<0.001). Conclusions Cognitive control improved after moderate aerobic exercise, but not in anticipation of exercise. Improvements on a Flanker task were also observed across sessions and time, indicative of a learning effect that should be considered in study design and analyses.

scholarly journals Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS). An effective tool for improving episodic memory in young people?

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 468-477
Author(s):  
Alba Fernández ◽  
Susana Cid-Fernández ◽  
Fernando Díaz
Keyword(s):  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Anodal Tdcs ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Delayed Recall ◽  
Healthy Elderly ◽  
Main Effects

El objetivo principal del presente estudio fue determinar los efectos de la tDCS anódica vs placebo, administrada sobre el dlPFC durante la fase de codificación de una tarea de memoria episódica, sobre la tasa de aciertos (TA) y el tiempo de reacción (TR) medidos en las fases de recuerdo inmediato y demorado de la tarea, en un grupo de 23 participantes jóvenes sanos. Se realizó un estudio doble ciego aleatorizado. Los resultados evidenciaron efectos principales significativos para los factores Bloque, Sesión y Demora en la TA y en el TR, pero no para el factor del Grupo. Se encontraron efectos robustos de aprendizaje intrasesión e intersesiones, pero ningún efecto Grupo (tDCS anódica vs placebo) en el rendimiento de la memoria episódica o en los tests neuropsicológicos pre-post intervención. Sin embargo, los participantes que recibieron tDCS anódica mostraron un TR acortado en el intervalo de demora de 24 horas que mantuvieron una semana más tarde, mientras que los que recibieron tDCS placebo no mostraron acortamiento del TR a las 24 horas, pero si un aumento del TR una semana después. Estos resultados podrían indicar un sutil efecto modulador de la tDCS anódica en el decaimiento de la memoria en los intervalos de demora. El protocolo experimental mostró su utilidad potencial para ser utilizado en muestras de participantes mayores sanos o con deterioro cognitivo leve The main aim of the present study was to determine the effects of anodal vs sham tDCS administered over the dlPFC during the encoding phase of an episodic memory task, on the accuracy rate (AR) and reaction time (RT) measured in the immediate and delayed recall phases of the task, in a group of 23 healthy young participants. A randomized double-blind sham-controlled study of tDCS was carried out. The results evidenced significant main effects for factors Block, Session, and Delay on the AR and on RT, but not for the Group factor. Robust intra-session and inter-session learning effects but no Group (anodal vs sham tDCS) effect in episodic memory performance or in pre-post intervention neuropsychological tests were found. However, participants who received anodal tDCS showed shorter RT in the 24 hours delay interval and maintained it one week later, while those who received sham tDCS did not show the 24 hours RT shortening and even showed a RT increase one week later. These results could indicate a subtle modulatory effect of anodal tDCS on memory decay along delay intervals. The experimental protocol showed its potential utility to be used in samples of healthy elderly or mild cognitive impairment participants

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