Gender-Related Perceptions and Stress, Anxiety, and Depression on the Flight Deck

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert O. Walton ◽  
P. Michael Politano
Keyword(s):  
Gender Bias ◽  
Workplace Stress ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Measuring Instruments ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Measurement Instruments ◽  
Gender Attitude ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Negative Perceptions ◽  
Flight Deck

This study explored gender-related perceptions among male and female pilots and the extent to which such perceptions may cause workplace stress, anxiety, or depression which may affect female pilots. This study utilized two measuring instruments on a sample that consisted of 83 pilots. The two measurement instruments used where the Aviation Gender Attitude Questionnaire (AGAQ) to measure gender bias and the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales-21 (DASS-21) to measure stress, depression, and anxiety among female pilots. There was a significant difference found between men and women across all AGAQ factors. While the results of this study concurred with research that suggests that female pilots are at greater risk for negative perceptions and sexism by male pilots, the results did not indicate any greater degrees of depression, stress, or anxiety in women as compared with their male counterparts.

scholarly journals Assessment of new-onset depression and anxiety associated with COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eman Hurissi ◽  
Ethar Abu-jabir ◽  
Amnah Mohammed ◽  
Mashael Mahnashi ◽  
Sana Alharbi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Final Sample ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Patient Health ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Arabian Population ◽  
New Onset

Abstract Background Psychological disorders are common among individuals who experienced COVID-19. Previous studies have shown that females report higher depression and anxiety than males. The present study aims to test the differences in depression and anxiety between males and females who have experienced COVID-19. This a descriptive, observational, comparative study, among Saudi Arabian population. A total of 686 participants have been recruited. Participants completed an online questionnaire that contains questions about sociodemographic, COVID-19, Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) questionnaire, and Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) to measure anxiety and depression, respectively. Results Twenty-six percent of the participants were excluded and our final sample consisted of 507 participants (median age 23; 65% females). Of the final sample, 23% (118) have been previously diagnosed with COVID-19. There is no significant difference in GAD-7 and PHQ-9 scores between COVID-19- positive and COVID-19-negative populations. However, females who have experienced COVID-19 reported significantly higher GAD-7 and PHQ-9 scores compared to males. Conclusion The results of our study show that females are significantly at a higher risk for depression and anxiety as a result of COVID-19 infection compared to males. Further epidemiological studies are required for a better understanding of this correlation.

scholarly journals Prevalence of anxiety and depression among domestic and foreign medical students in Poland

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aneta Anna Jaroszewska ◽  
Szymon Tyras ◽  
Martyna Dziewit ◽  
Joanna Jaroszewska ◽  
Katarzyna Podhorodecka
Keyword(s):  
Medical Student ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Student Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression ◽  
Depression Disorders

Introduction: Depression and anxiety disorders are much more common among medical students than in the general population. Due to additional risk factors, foreign students may be particularly vulnerable. Despite this, there is still an insufficient number of studies analyzing the prevalence of mental disorders among foreign medical students, especially in Poland. Aim: The aim of the study was to assess and compare the prevalence of anxiety and depression disorders between domestic and foreign medical students in Poland. Material and methods: An anonymous internet survey containing questions about socio-demography and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale questionnaire was distributed among students. Based on the field of study and country of origin, participants were divided into 3 groups – Polish medical student group (PMG, n = 214); foreign medical student group (FMG, n = 59) and control group, which were Polish students of other faculties (CG, n = 476). The study groups were compared using the χ2 test. Results and discussion: The prevalence of depression disorders was 30%, 31% and 28% (PMG, FMG and CG, respectively). No statistically significant difference was observed between the study groups (P = 0.77). The prevalence of anxiety disorders was 57%, 90% and 59% (PMG, FMG and CG, respectively). Anxiety disorders were more common among FMG as compared to PMG and CG (P < 0.01 in both cases). Conclusions: The prevalence of depression and anxiety among medical students in Poland is high. Foreign medical students appear to be particularly vulnerable to anxiety disorders.

scholarly journals Depression and Anxiety Among Men Undergoing ART Treatment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhangshun Liu ◽  
Li Zhang ◽  
Hongfang Shao ◽  
Mian Huo ◽  
Jie Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Study ◽  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Clinical Pregnancy ◽  
Clinical Pregnancy Rate ◽  
The Self ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Self Rating ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

Abstract Objective: This prospective longitudinal study aimed at assessing the psychological status, especially depression and anxiety across different phases of ART treatments in subfertile men. Methods: During January 2016 to December 2018, 1248 fertile couples were recruited to participate in the prospective study. The Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and the Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS) were used to evaluate the presence of mental health problems in both husbands and wives at the day of initiation, oocyte retrieval and embryo transplantation respectively. Clinical pregnancy is defined as the presence of at least one intrauterine gestational sac with ultrasound assessment after a positive human chorionic gonadotropin assessment.Results: In total, 1248 infertile couples undergoing ART treatment participated in this prospective study. The clinical pregnancy rate was 42.4% in this study. The subject with SAS score ≥ 50 was classified as anxiety and SDS ≥ 53 as depression. The incidence of male anxiety and depression in the three assessment points in pregnant group were 8.48%, 8.07%, 8.07% and 9.04%, 8.90%, 10.71% respectively; In the nonpregnant group, the corresponding data were 9.75%, 6.05%, 10.02% and 6.43%, 6.99%, 9.07% respectively, and there was no significant difference between the two groups (P > 0.05).Conclusions: Although the SAS and SDS scores were higher in the nonpregnant group than those in the pregnant group, there was no statistical difference in the incidence of anxiety and depression between the two groups, and we concluded that male anxiety and depression are not closely associated with the ART clinical pregnancy rate.

scholarly journals THE DETERMINATION OF DEPRESSION AND ANXIETY LEVEL IN INDIVIDUALS WITH CHRONIC HEART FAILURE

2021 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-57
Author(s):  
Pelin İlhan ◽  
Sıdıka Oğuz
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Chronic Heart Failure ◽  
Nyha Class ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Anxiety Level ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Anxiety Levels

Objective: This study was planned to assess the depression and anxiety level in individuals with Chronic Heart Failure (CHF). Methodology: A cross sectional study was conducted in a training and research hospital in Istanbul. The population of the study consisted of patients with CHF who stayed in the cardiology and internal medicine clinics between the months of March and June 2017. One hundred consecutive patients of CHF were included in the study. The "Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale" (HAD) was used to assess the anxiety and depression level of the patients and other demographic and exploratory variables data was collected on a questionnaire. Results: The anxiety and depression was found in 62% and 84%, CHF patients respectively. The anxiety levels were found to be high in the individuals with no social insurance, females, primary school graduates and housewives. Also, the depression levels of the cases whose duration of disease was longer were found to be high. The anxiety levels were found to be high in the individuals with DM, with NYHA class 3-4, using diuretic and performing salt restrictions. There was no statistically significant difference between both subscales in patients with hypertension, using beta blockers or anticoagulants, and exercising. Conclusion: In our study both anxiety and depression are found to be common in patients with CHF.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Mindfulness Techniques in Decreasing Anxiety and Depression in Women Victims of Spouse Abuse

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Shahrbanoo Ghahari ◽  
Nooshin Khademolreza ◽  
Fatemeh Sadeghi Poya ◽  
Siamak Ghasemnejad ◽  
Bahram Gheitarani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Women Victims ◽  
Cognitive Therapy ◽  
Spouse Abuse ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Statistical Population ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control

Psychiatric disorders such as depression and anxiety are outputs of domestic violence and victims should be treated using medical and nonmedical treatment. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy in reducing anxiety and depression of women victims of domestic violence in Tehran. The study is an empirical research in kind of pretest-posttest plan with a control group. Statistical population consists of women victims of domestic violence in Tehran referred to several psychiatric clinics in Tehran for treatment by 2015. The statistical sample consists of 30 women selected randomly, who were placed into two groups, each group with 15 members. The experimental group was under the intervention of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for 8 sessions and control group was in waiting list. Both groups, fulfilled Beck's Depression Inventory (BDI) and Spielberger's State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) in final step and end of treatment. Obtained data was analyzed using ANOVA and using SPSS22 software. The obtained results from the study show that there is a significant difference between two experimental and control groups in terms of depression and anxiety after mindfulness-based cognitive therapy intervention (p&lt;001). The obtained results from the study show that mindfulness-based cognitive therapy can affect the reduction of anxiety and depression of women victims of domestic violence.

scholarly journals The level and prevalence of depression and anxiety among patients with different subtypes of irritable bowel syndrome: a network meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhichao Hu ◽  
Meixuan Li ◽  
Liang Yao ◽  
Yinshu Wang ◽  
Enkang Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Irritable Bowel

Abstract Background Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a very common functional bowel disorder. However, the difference of depression and anxiety comorbidities among different IBS subtypes is still not well evaluated. This study aims to investigate the difference in the level and prevalence of depression and anxiety among healthy controls and patients with different subtypes of IBS. Methods PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane library were searched systematically until August 17, 2020. Studies that investigated depression and/or anxiety levels or prevalence among different IBS-subtype patients measured at baseline or the same point were included. Network meta-analysis was conducted to analyze standardized mean difference (SMD) of anxiety and depression levels, and single arm meta-analysis was performed for prevalence of anxiety and depression among different IBS subtypes. Results Eighteen studies involving 7095 participants were included. Network meta-analyses results showed healthy controls had a lower level of depression than IBS with mixed symptoms of constipation and diarrhea (IBS-M) [SMD =  − 1.57; 95% confidence interval (CI) − 2.21,  − 0.92], IBS with constipation (IBS-C) (SMD =  − 1.53; 95% CI − 2.13,  − 0.93) and IBS with diarrhea (IBS-D)(SMD =  − 1.41; 95% CI − 1.97,  − 0.85), while no significant difference was found between IBS unclassified (IBS-U) and healthy controls (SMD =  − 0.58; 95% CI  − 2.15, 1.00). There was also no significant difference in the level of depression among different IBS subtypes patients. The results of anxiety were similar to depression. Ranking probability showed that IBS-M was associated with the highest level of depression and anxiety symptoms, followed by IBS-C/IBS-D and IBS-U. Single-arm meta-analysis showed IBS-C had the highest prevalence of depression (38%) and anxiety (40%), followed by IBS-D, IBS-M and IBS-U. Conclusion The results indicated that IBS-M was more likely to be associated with a higher level of depression and anxiety, and the prevalence of depression and anxiety in IBS-C was highest. The psychological screening and appropriate psychotherapy are needed for patients with IBS-C, IBS-D and IBS-M instead of IBS-U.

Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment in Patients with Anxiety and Depression: A Pilot Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 9-16
Author(s):  
Eneida Miranda ◽  
Jennifer Giza ◽  
Eleonora Feketeova ◽  
Cristian Castro-Nunez ◽  
Ulrick Vieux ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
T Test ◽  
Adjunctive Treatment ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Paired T Test

Abstract Background & Aims: The role of touch in managing psychiatric patients is controversial. The purpose of this pilot study was to determine the effectiveness of osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT) in patients with anxiety and or depression. Methods: This was an 8-week pilot study comparing a treatment to a control group, each consisting of 10 randomly assigned adult participants with anxiety and or depression on psychotropics. No significant difference existed between groups for age or severity of disease. Participant responses for anxiety and depression were recorded weekly via a modified Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7 item (GAD-7) and Harvard National Depression Screening Day (HANDS) scales. From the initial cohort (n=20) a complete database was achieved for 16 of the patients. Statistical analysis was performed using RStudio. Results: Of the 16 patients who successfully participated in the study, 6 received OMT, and 10 were part of the control group. For statistical purposes, the data gathered from both groups were subdivided into two categories: depression and anxiety subgroups. The depression treatment group had a week 1 mean of 24.4 ± 11.2 (n=5) with a paired t-test showing significance at week 7 of 18.0 ± 10.9 (n=5), P = .00767 and week 8 of 15.2 ± 12.5 (n=5), P = .041.The anxiety treatment group had a week 1 mean of 26.0 ± 8.7 (n=5) with paired t-test significant at week 7 of 20.2 ± 10.7 (n=5), P = .019 and week 8 of 19.2 ± 11.1 (n=5), P = .00815.All patients in the treatment group showed significant improvements in their anxiety and depression levels compared to those in the control group, which worsened by week 8. Conclusions: Findings in this study indicate that OMT may be an effective adjunctive treatment modality for depression and anxiety.

scholarly journals Antenatal Depression and Anxiety Among Women with Threatened Abortion: A Case-Control Study

2019 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Bahar Sariibrahim Astepe ◽  
Sukriye Bosgelmez
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Vaginal Bleeding ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Antenatal Depression ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Threatened Abortion ◽  
The Relationship

<p><strong>Objective:</strong> Threatened abortion is a stressful condition for a pregnant woman which may influence mental health. This study aims to investigate the relationship between threatened abortion, anxiety, and depression during pregnancy. </p><p><strong>Study Design:</strong> Study group consisted of 121 pregnant women &lt;20 weeks of gestation having vaginal bleeding; control group consisted of 129 pregnant women &lt;20 weeks of gestation not having vaginal bleeding in their pregnancy until that time. Hospital anxiety and depression scale was used to assess potential anxiety and depression. </p><p><strong>Results:</strong> Statistical analyses indicated that (i) vaginal bleeding group had significantly higher rates of moderate/ severe anxiety (28.1% vs. 14.7% p=0.010); (ii) there was no statistically significant difference between depression rates of the women according to the presence of vaginal bleeding (38.8% vs. 34.9% p=0.517); (iii) low education (OR=2.233; 95% CI: 1.177-4.236; p=0.014) was possible predictors of antenatal depression. Although in the univariate analyses age, gravidity, and parity were associated with anxiety, only nulliparity was found as possible predictors of anxiety (OR=2.589; 95% CI: 1.362-4.922, p=0.004). </p><p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> Pregnant women without obstetric complications had similar rates of depression and anxiety as in women with threatened abortion, although anxiety levels were higher in women with threatened abortion. </p>

scholarly journals Bullying and Being Bullied; How Much Can It Increase the Risk of Depression and Anxiety in Students? A Multilevel Fixed-effect Model Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ebrahim Babaee ◽  
Marzieh Nojomi ◽  
Mehran Asadi-Aliabadi ◽  
Babak Eshrati
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Fixed Effect Model ◽  
Fixed Effect ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Odds Ratios ◽  
Effect Model ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: School violence as a health issue is a global concern. One of the problems that affect the health and well-being of children at school is bullying. Objectives: In this study, we aimed to examine the association of depression and anxiety with bullying among 6 - 19-year-old students in Iran. Methods: This study was conducted in Tehran, Iran, in 2020. A multistage cluster sampling method was used, and 54,550 students aged six to 19 years of both sexes, from urban and rural areas, were selected. Standard questionnaires, according to the WHO recommendations, were used for data collection. Involvement in bullying in the past 12 months and anxiety and depression status in both bully and bullied students were investigated by standard questionnaires. To compare the psychiatric problems and violent behavior, the Wald chi-square test was applied. The multilevel fixed-effect model and logistic multivariate regression were used to adjust the multilevel effects and estimate the odds of anxiety and depression in both bully and bullied students. All statistical analyses were performed at a 95% significance level. Results: Of the total students, 50.9% were males, 29.45% were in the 6 - 10 age group, and 70.55% in the 11 - 19 age group. There was a significant difference in depression and anxiety between boys and girls in both age groups (P < 0.001). Amongst males, 11.7% of the students aged 6 - 10 and 11% of the students aged 11 - 19 and in females, 7.7% aged 6 - 10 and 10.4% aged 11 - 19 had at least four experiences of bullying to others in the last year. The odds ratios for depression in male bullies were 1.3 and 1.5 in 6 - 10 and 11 - 19 age groups, respectively. The odds ratios for depression in bullied males and females were 4.2 and 3.9 in 6 - 10 and 2.9 and 4.3 in 11 - 19 age groups, respectively. Bulling others increased the odds of anxiety to 1.7 and 1.9 in males and 2.1 and 1.9 in females in 6 - 10 and 11 - 19 age groups, respectively. In bullied students, the odds of anxiety were estimated at 2.9 and 2.2 in males and 3.4 and 2.2 in female students respectively, in 6 - 10 and 11 - 19 age groups. Conclusions: There was a significant positive association between psychological disorders (anxiety and depression) and bullying among 6 - 19-year-old students. Victims of bullying were more at risk of depression and anxiety. This health-threatening phenomenon should not be ignored.

Anxiety and depression in hospitalized patients in Department of Oncology University Clinical Hospital Mostar

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 513-513
Author(s):  
D. Babić ◽  
I. Perić ◽  
M. Mikulić
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Research Association ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
Clinic Hospital

BackgroundIn recent decades, growing interest in the research association of somatic and psychiatric disorders. Contemporary research and clinical practice shows that approximately half of cancer patients are associated with mental disorders, mostly depression and anxiety disorder.AimTo establish presence of depression and anxiety in patients hospitalized on oncology in University Clinic Hospital in Mostar.Examinees and methods: In total, 80 patients hospitalized on oncology in University Clinic Hospital in Mostar between January 1st and March 31st 2010. (Examine group) and 80 patients who were admitted in ordination of family medicine in Mostar between March 1st and March 20th 2010. (Control group), participated in the research. In research we used Becks Anxiety and Depression Inventory.ResultsExaminees hospitalized on oncology had higher presence of depression in comparison to control group (Fisher exact test, χ2 test = 23,852: P < 0,001). We found no significant difference in presence of anxiety between examine and control group (χ2 test = 3,890; P = 0,143).ConclusionControl group showed statistically higher presence of depression, while we didn’t prove statistically significant difference in presence of anxiety between examine and control group.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document