Three Explanations of Temporal Changes in Ability-Skill Relationships: Literature Review and Theoretical Analysis

1971 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles L. Hulin ◽  
Kenneth M. Alvares
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Temporal Changes

Use of Social Media in Citizen-Centric Electronic Government Services

Crowdsourcing ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 952-977
Author(s):  
Mohammad Abdallah Ali Alryalat ◽  
Nripendra P. Rana ◽  
Ganesh P. Sahu ◽  
Yogesh K. Dwivedi ◽  
Mina Tajvidi
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Electronic Government ◽  
Open Government ◽  
Government Services ◽  
Research Themes ◽  
Communication Interaction ◽  
Use Of Social Media

This article undertakes a literature review on such articles on social media and citizen-centric e-government services. This research uses 139 articles to perform the intended literature review. The keywords analysis of these articles indicates that Web 2.0, participation and open government/open data were some of the frequently used keywords in addition to the two major themes of e-government and social media on which all the articles were searched for. The analysis of research methods indicated that majority of the studies were analytical, conceptual, descriptive, or theoretical in nature. The theoretical analysis however indicated that there is a lack of theory-based research in this area. The review of literature indicated that research themes such as electronic participation, engagement, transparency, communication/interaction, trust, security and collaboration are some of the most frequently used categories under this area of research. A research framework has also been proposed from the key themes emerging from the review.

Prophylactic Versus Therapeutic Inoculation Treatments for Resistance to Influence

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 330-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josh Compton
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
Research Design ◽  
Theory Building ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Research Development ◽  
Inoculation Theory ◽  
Review Analysis ◽  
Future Challenges

Abstract One of the most significant departures from conventional inoculation theory is its intentional application for individuals already “infected”—that is, inoculation not as a preemptive strategy to protect existing positions from future challenges, but instead, inoculation as a means to change a position (e.g., from negative to positive) and to protect the changed position against future challenges. The issue is important for persuasion scholarship in general, as theoretical boundary conditions help at each stage of persuasion research development, serving as a guide for literature review, analysis, synthesis, research design, interpretation, theory building, and so on. It is an important issue for inoculation theory and resistance to influence research, specifically, for it gets at the very heart—and name and foundation—of inoculation theory. This article offers a theoretical analysis of inoculation theory used as both prophylactic and therapeutic interventions and concludes with a set of recommendations for inoculation theory scholarship moving forward.

scholarly journals The Spirit of Science: Attribute and Structural Model

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Zhou ◽  
Jian’er Yu ◽  
Jianxia Qiu ◽  
Yuanyuan Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Science Education ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Scientific Education ◽  
Education Theory ◽  
Scientific Nature ◽  
American Society

Spirit of science is one of the important components of science education theory. It not only directly affects the level of science education, but also indirectly affects the selection, education and evaluation of scientific researchers, and the development of science and technology in a country or region. Although more than a century ago, the researchers began to discuss the topic of spirit of science. However, to date, the research of the definition, attribute, structural model and its characteristics of the spirit of science has not yet made a breakthrough. Based on the detailed literature review, the related theoretical analysis and the research of the structural model of the spirit of science, this paper puts forward the new definition, the attribute and the establishment of the structural model of the spirit of science, and analyzes the match the situation from new structural model of the spirit of science and the scientific nature published by the American Society for the Advancement of Science. The results of this study are of great significance for raising the level of scientific education and cultivating future scientific researchers, enhancing their motivation and skills in innovation in scientific research and promoting the development of future scientific undertakings.

scholarly journals Deterrence: A Continuation of Emotional Life with the Admixture of Violent Means

2020 ◽  
pp. 455-474
Author(s):  
Samuel Zilincik ◽  
Isabelle Duyvesteyn
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Emotional Life ◽  
The Future ◽  
Psychological Mechanism ◽  
Problems Of Practice ◽  
Emotional Effects

AbstractDeterrence is more than anything a psychological mechanism. It depends on emotions that orchestrate processes across organisms to deal with the challenges of the present and the future. However, deterrence scholarship has had a turbulent relationship with emotions. The main aim of this chapter is to review what we know and what we do not know about emotions and deterrence. The secondary aim is to develop a dynamic and interactive emotion-centric model of deterrence to explain where and how emotions play a role in such a mechanism. We combine the methods of theoretical analysis and literature review to achieve these aims. Our findings indicate that emotions give a new meaning to deterrence by changing the nature of the theory and by highlighting problems of practice. More specifically, scholars should reconsider both the means and the ends of deterrence. Practitioners should be aware that deterrence efforts are hard to sustain and may produce emotional effects detrimental to their original purpose.

scholarly journals Theoretical Analysis of the Concepts of «Motivation» and «Stimulation» from the Point of View of Their Interaction

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Usov ◽  
Alexander Silantyev
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Personnel Management ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Clear Definition ◽  
Definition Of

This article analyzed the concepts of «stimulation» and «motivation», which are necessary for effective personnel management in the organization, as they help to understand the behavior of employees in different situations. Literature review showed that today there is no clear definition of the terms «motivation» and «stimulation» among various authors. Moreover, many experts do not distinguish between them. Therefore, the purpose of the study is to examine different interpretation of the terms «motivation» and «stimulation» and to study the area of their interaction, because they are certainly interrelated. The research method is the analysis of existing definitions of the concepts «motivation» and «stimulation» by various specialists. According to the results of the analysis, the authors determined that stimulation and motivation are mutually dependent and complementary concepts that interact with each other, but remain different in terms of their meaning in their definitions.

Design thinking is ambidextrous

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 736-756 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan-Ling Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Design Thinking ◽  
Management Education ◽  
Business World ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Micro Foundations ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to address the theoretical gap between design thinking (DT) and management. DT is a strategic concept in the current business world whereas the discussion of it is still insufficient. Ambidexterity could be a promising concept to explain the benefits of DT in the realm of management and strategy. Design/methodology/approach This paper conducts a thorough literature review and theoretical analysis, and offers propositions that engage the outcome of DT and the ambidextrous learning and innovation. Findings The author suggests the connection between DT and ambidexterity. By thoroughly discussing the effect of the traits of DT on ambidexterity, the author proposes that DT can facilitate ambidextrous learning, and ambidextrous learning could mediate the relationships between DT and ambidextrous innovation. Research limitations/implications This paper offers a preliminary ground for the operationalization of it. Besides, ambidexterity could provide a lens to discuss DT with other strategic concept. Furthermore, the discussion extends understanding of the pursuit of individual ambidexterity. Practical implications This paper provides a clearer reason for managers to adopt DT. Furthermore, it might facilitate the management education in management schools to incorporate DT as a section topic, and subsequently propagate education of DT in management schools. Originality/value The paper offers a theoretical platform for the study of DT in the field of management and strategy, which was rare before. The integration of DT and ambidexterity offers a decision support to the managers. Furthermore, it serves as a new approach to obtain ambidexterity in organization, which addresses the call of the research on the micro-foundations of management.

Two Explanations of Temporal Changes in Ability-Skill Relationships: A Literature Review and Theoretical Analysis

1972 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 295-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth M. Alvares ◽  
Charles L. Hulin
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Task Performance ◽  
Performance Measures ◽  
Empirical Evaluation ◽  
Temporal Changes ◽  
Performance Change ◽  
Ability Levels ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Over Time

Two models which explain both temporal changes in behavior during training and temporal decreases in correlations between ability measures and performance measures are presented. It is argued that both phenomena are dependent on the same process and that each of the models presented adequately accounts for the experimental data. The changing task model originally proposed by Woodrow and later elaborated by Fleishman assumes that the abilities which contribute to task performance change systematically over time. A second model, the changing subject model, assumes that practice on the criterion task systematically and significantly affects the ability levels of the subjects. A discussion of the changed conception of the ability-skill distribution necessitated by the second model is presented. The psychological and organizational implications of the two models are discussed, and the well nigh impossibility of an empirical evaluation is pointed out.

Solutions to the Application of Mobile Stock System in China

2014 ◽  
Vol 687-691 ◽  
pp. 2144-2148
Author(s):  
Xin Ren Bao ◽  
Li Ying Ding
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Mobile Application ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The Subject

Mobile stock system is one of the most rapidly developed mobile application in China in recent years. But there is still a long way to go. So what factors can contribute to the acceptance and adoption of mobile stock system? And what factors can facilitate the development of mobile stock system? In response to these questions, this paper makes theoretical analysis and conducts surveys, based on which this paper summarizes the factors affecting users’ choice of the mobile stock system. The previous study of mobile stock system mainly focuses the introduction and literature review. Few scholars have studied the subject from the perspective of implementation of the system. This paper is to fill the vacancy in this area. Based on the theoretical analysis and the survey conducted by this study, this paper puts forth four recommendations. It is believed that this study can serve as references for the service providers and developers in the field of mobile stock system.

A THEORETICAL ANALYSIS INTO VISUALIZATION TECHNIQUE AND SHORTTERM MEMORY TRAINING IN INTERPRETING AND SUGGESIONS FOR ENGLISH MAJORSIN VIETNAM INSTITUTIONS

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (7) ◽  
pp. 102-113
Author(s):  
Linh Le Thuy
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Background Knowledge ◽  
Close Relation ◽  
Memory Training ◽  
Visualization Technique ◽  
Real Situation ◽  
The Real ◽  
Basic Understanding

This study sheds light on the close relation between visualization and memory training in teaching and learning interpreting. In particular, a detailed literature review on background knowledge of interpreting theory is analyzed, which covers relevant highlights on interpreting definition, process as well as essential principles. Also, basic understanding in regard of memory and memory training is clearly demonstrated, which, leads to the introduction of visualization as a solution to memorizing in interpreting. Especially, certain recommendations on visualization as a useful technique and exercises are given as a guide to apply this approach based on the real situation of interpreting teaching and learning for English majors of Vietnam Institutions.

scholarly journals Stigmergy Leadership: Indirect Digital Coordination for Social Change Based on Autonomous, Reproducible, and Scalable Individual Acts

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marvin Starominski-Uehara
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Leadership Traits ◽  
Main Argument ◽  
Digital Platforms ◽  
International Media ◽  
Media Attention ◽  
Political Events

This study investigates digital leadership traits observed in recent and relevant political events. It does so by resorting to stigmergy theory on how collective activities are regulated and coordinated based on single decisions that are autonomous, reproducible, and scalable. Case studies selected for this theoretical analysis are political events that gathered international media attention from 2019 and 2021. The main argument emerging from this literature review is that digital platforms connecting like-minded people challenge conventional understandings of leadership.

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