The Influence of National Identity on Attitudes Toward Ethnic Groups

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shanette C. Porter ◽  
Melissa J. Ferguson
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Ethnic Groups

Specificity of Value Orientations of Native Speakers of French and Russian and Their Representation in Proverbs (Based on Dictionaries)

2020 ◽  
pp. 79-88
Author(s):  
Nataliya Yu. Nelyubova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Mutual Influence ◽  
Value Orientations ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Russian Culture ◽  
Common Features ◽  
French Culture ◽  
Subjective Factor

This paper presents a linguo-axiological analysis of French and Russian proverbs based on identifying value orientations and creating their hierarchy by studying the names and quantitative dominance of various thematic groups in authentic paroemiological dictionaries. Identification of value orientations allows us to reveal both common features of ethnic groups, which are of interest in the era of globalization and mutual influence of languages and cultures, and specific ones, contributing to the preservation of national identity. The novelty of this research compared to the author’s previous studies lies in the use of two additional lexicographic sources (one French and one Russian). The examined material of the four dictionaries includes more than 30,000 proverbial units. The analysis revealed the presence of a large number of common topics (which can occupy different positions in the value hierarchy of the ethnic groups under study) not only in dictionaries of the same language, but in all four sources. The names of the categories and their quantitative composition allow us to define French culture as individualist, while Russian culture, as collectivist. When constructing a hierarchy, it is important to turn to a larger number of dictionaries and identify common proverbial units in them to avoid the influence of the subjective factor, which is the case when naming and forming categories, as well as of the researcher’s individual approach to the proportion of category names to their corresponding values. The expanding vocabulary and studies on evaluativity in proverbs aiming to identify value and anti-value components within various topics can be used for further research.

Problems of preserving the norms of Adyge khabz in the context of globalization (based on the materials of a sociological study)

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-93
Author(s):  
Z.Kh. Guchetl ◽  
◽  
O.I. Kuskarova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Sociological Study ◽  
Ethical Codes ◽  
The North

In this article, the authors comprehend the moral and ethical phenomenon of "Adyge habz the problems of its preservation and development in modern society in the context of globalization. The study of traditions is undoubtedly relevant in modern conditions, when many ethnic groups persistently retain interest in past values, their origins and prospects. The authors note that this problem is relevant not only for the Adygs, but also for other peoples of the North Caucasus, which have their own analogues of national moral and ethical codes. Based on the results of the conducted sociological research, it is concluded that the role of Adyghism (adygag) in the system of traditional ethno-cultural values of the Adyghes has decreased, and therefore there is a need to revive and develop the national identity of the Adyghes.

scholarly journals Analysis of ethnic differences of Iranian sports fans in the variables of Islamic cohesion, national identity, and perception of sports success

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (SPE3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Hossein Monazzami ◽  
Behnam Naghi-Pour Givi
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Ethnic Differences ◽  
Face Validity ◽  
Religious Groups ◽  
Sports Fans ◽  
Statistical Population ◽  
Test Of Hypotheses ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Descriptive Survey

Iran is a country with different ethnicities and religions and some negative experiences of conflicts throughout history. It is believed that; Sports success is a factor in the greater convergence of a country's citizens. This article analyzes the ethnic differences of Iranian sports fans in Islamic cohesion, national identity, and perception of sports success. The research was a descriptive survey. The statistical population was all Iranians interested in national sports, 968 of whom participated in the study voluntarily. The research instruments were the researcher-made questionnaire of Perception of Sports Success, the National Identity Questionnaire of Hear and James (2007), and the Islamic Cohesion Questionnaire of Baghbanian and Morowat (2011). The content and face validity of the questionnaires were confirmed by the professors and their reliability was calculated with Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.78, 0.88, and 0.83, respectively. The test of hypotheses showed that; the variables of Islamic cohesion and national identity have a statistically significant difference between Shiite and Sunni respondents (P <0.05). The variables of Islamic cohesion and national identity also had a statistically significant difference between the respondents of ethnic groups (P <0.05) while there was no statistically significant difference in the perception of sporting success between the respondents of different ethnic groups and religious groups (P <0.05). The findings of the study emphasized the positive functions of sports success in the convergence of more religious and ethnic groups in the country.

scholarly journals SCRIITORI ROMANI DE EXPRESIE GERMANA DIN TRANSILVANIA (1890-1960)

2021 ◽  
pp. 337-343
Author(s):  
Mihaela HRISTEA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
National Identity ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Print Media ◽  
German Literature ◽  
Religious Tolerance ◽  
Geographical Position ◽  
Ethnocultural Diversity ◽  
Ethnic Barriers

Arising from its geographical position in relation to the Western countries and the multicultural specificity of this space, Transylvania was, due to the ethnic groups of Romanians, Germans, Hungarians, and other nationalities who lived there, a promoter of both Western influences and local cultural values. The print media was the means for these nationalities to preserve their language, traditions, customs and culture. Thus, in 1920, Romanian, German and Hungarian intellectuals opened new cultural horizons, managing to overcome traditional ethnic barriers. Through their publications, they expressed respect for plurality and ethnocultural diversity, religious tolerance, and asserted at the same time their own cultural and national identity. This study intends to survey the ethnic German literature at the beginning of the twentieth century that has also been partially translated into Romanian

Introduction to The Indonesian Legal System: Major Developments in the Past Decade

2006 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-72
Author(s):  
Hesti Setyowati ◽  
M. Harris S. Toengkagie
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Legal System ◽  
Colonial Era ◽  
The Past ◽  
Legal Foundation ◽  
National Ideology ◽  
Customary Laws ◽  
The Law ◽  
Law And Justice

Abstract Indonesia is an archipelagic country that has endured 350 years of western colonization. Its people comprise diverse ethnic, cultural and religious backgrounds, all living in more than 17.000 islands spread throughout the archipelago. The development of the Indonesian legal system are considered as unique since it comprises the legacy of colonization, combined with the customary laws of various tribes. It is heavily infl uenced by Islam-the religion of the majority of its citizens, and the people’s own perception of law and justice following the colonial era. The undisputable fact on the variety of ethnic groups, cultures and religions formulate the desire for national ideology which promotes a unity of such diversity. As the result, each of the laws is formulated with reference to the principle of unity and democracy carried out in accordance with the national ideology. 60 years after its independence, the Law in Indonesia has shown great strides in its development. All of the developments are claimed to fulfi ll its goal of achieving a modern nation with solid legal foundation, without sacrifi cing its national identity.

Joseph Kasa-Vubu, ABAKO, and Performances of Kongo Nationalism in the Independence of Congo

2011 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yolanda Covington-Ward
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Identity ◽  
National Identity ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Political Party ◽  
Driving Force ◽  
Civil Disobedience ◽  
Ethnic Nationalism ◽  
Independence Movement ◽  
Key Events ◽  
Belgian Congo

When most people think about the Belgian Congo and its path to independence on June 30, 1960, the figure that most frequently comes to mind is that of Patrice Lumumba and his strategy of uniting people across different ethnic groups. While Lumumba’s contributions have been well documented and recognized, this essay argues that the Kongo ethnic association–turned–political party, ABAKO (Association des BaKongo), and its leader Joseph Kasa-Vubu, were the driving force behind the independence movement in colonial Belgian Congo. ABAKO, however, used a completely different approach that successfully privileged ethnic nationalism, demonstrating that ideas of ethnic identity were often more important than a burgeoning national identity. Through the application of a performative analysis to three key events—the ABAKO countermanifesto of 1956; the Léopoldville rebellion of January, 1959; and the civil disobedience campaign advocating for an autonomous Kongo state in mid-1959—the author shows that members of ABAKO and its leadership effectively used performances of ethnic and territorial nationalism to greatly impact and lead the movement for Congolese independence.

Twentieth‐Century China

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uradyn E. Bulag
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
National Identity ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Ethnic Relations ◽  
The Political ◽  
Chinese History ◽  
Contemporary China ◽  
Acculturation Process ◽  
Political Concept

This article invokes a Chinese political concept of ‘sinicization’, aiming to capture the nature of ethnic relations in China historically, and the political fate of ethnic groups in contemporary China. Sinicization has powerful genealogical and governmental dimensions; it is not primarily an ‘acculturation’ process as it is understood generally. Sinicization may not kill people directly, but it murders the non- Chinese sense of genealogical differences and their polities. The discussion concludes that sinicization has made a remarkable success in the PRC more than at any other time in Chinese history. Chinese policies have been directed at destroying the possibility that non-Chinese national identity might have any political meaning, at destroying the minorities' capacity to think and engage in politics independently as sovereign ethnic groups.

Nationalism and Ethnic-Based Trust

2016 ◽  
Vol 49 (14) ◽  
pp. 1819-1854 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Lea Robinson
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Field Experiment ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Identity Salience ◽  
Ethnic Boundaries ◽  
National Identification ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Ethnic Barriers

In diverse societies, individuals tend to trust coethnics more than non-coethnics. I argue that identification with a territorially defined nation, common to all ethnic groups, reduces the degree to which trust is ethnically bounded. I conduct a “lab-in-the-field” experiment at the intersection of national and ethnic boundaries in Malawi, which measures strength of national identification, experimentally manipulates national identity salience, and measures trust behaviorally. I find that shared nationality is a robust predictor of trust, equal in magnitude to the impact of shared ethnicity. Furthermore, national identification moderates the degree to which trust is limited to coethnics: While weak national identifiers trust coethnics more than non-coethnics, strong national identifiers are blind to ethnicity. Experimentally increasing national identity salience also eliminates the coethnic trust advantage among weak nationalists. These results offer micro-level evidence that a strong and salient national identity can diminish ethnic barriers to trust in diverse societies.

'They Give us the Categories and We Fill Ourselves in' Ethnic Thinking in Singapore

1996 ◽  
Vol 4 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 451-467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Identity ◽  
National Identity ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
The State ◽  
Ethnic Violence ◽  
Ethnic Culture ◽  
State Support ◽  
Religious Festivals ◽  
The Future

AbstractThis paper will demonstrate the prevalence of 'ethnic thinking' in everyday life and the role which culture plays in defining individuals and groups in Singapore. I will argue that the Singapore state has intentionally created a national identity which rests on the idea of the assumed purity of the different ethnic groups which exist within that nation. Singpore's multi-racial policies force the heterogeneous character of the population into four 'races' and there are no officially recognised inter-ethnic individuals within the state. The official promotion of 'ethnic' culture which claims that ethnic identity and culture are somehow identical results in a culture of stereotypes which shapes everyday life - where people live and how they interact as neighbours, for example. The stereotypes are reinforced by religious festivals. While state support of ethnic differentiation has helped to prevent ethnic violence, the politicisation of ethnic identity may ironically encourage conflict in the future when ethnic and economic divisions coincide.

Multiculturalism in Brazil, Bolivia and Peru

Race & Class ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felipe Arocena
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Indigenous Populations ◽  
Cultural Identities ◽  
Negative Side ◽  
Positive Side ◽  
Racial Democracy ◽  
Nation States ◽  
Latin American Countries

The different strategies of resistance deployed by discriminated ethnic groups in Brazil, Peru and Bolivia are analysed here. In Brazil, Afro movements and indigenous populations are increasingly fighting against discrimination and developing their cultural identities, while demystifying the idea of Brazil's national identity as a racial democracy. In Peru and Bolivia, indigenous populations are challenging the generally accepted idea of integration through miscegenation (racial mixing). Assimilation through race-mixing has been the apparent solution in most Latin American countries since the building of the nation states. Its positive side is that a peaceful interethnic relationship has been constructed but its negative side, stressed in recent multicultural strategies, is that different ethnicities and cultures have been accepted only as parts of this intermingling and rarely recognised as the targets of discrimination.

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