scholarly journals Interactions between m6A modification and miRNAs in malignant tumors

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Han ◽  
Jing Guo ◽  
Zhipeng Fan
Keyword(s):  
Crucial Role ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Enzyme System ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Eukaryotic Cells ◽  
Rna Modification ◽  
Rna Transcription ◽  
Tumor Drugs

AbstractRecently, the regulatory role of epigenetic modifications in the occurrence and development of malignant tumors has attracted extensive attention. RNA m6A methylation is the most abundant RNA modification in eukaryotic cells and regulates RNA transcription, processing, splicing, degradation, and translation. As important biomarkers, miRNAs play a crucial role in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases as well as in the development of anti-tumor drugs. Recently, increasing evidence has shown that m6A modification plays a vital role in regulating miRNA biosynthesis. We, herein, have reviewed the enzyme system involved in m6A methylation and the crosstalk between m6A modification and miRNAs in cancer. In addition, we have discussed the potential clinical applications and possible development directions of this field in the future.

scholarly journals Liquid–liquid phase separation in human health and diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Wang ◽  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Tong Dai ◽  
Ziran Qin ◽  
Huasong Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Separation ◽  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Essential Role ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Liquid Phase Separation ◽  
Eukaryotic Cells ◽  
Liquid Liquid Phase Separation

AbstractEmerging evidence suggests that liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS) represents a vital and ubiquitous phenomenon underlying the formation of membraneless organelles in eukaryotic cells (also known as biomolecular condensates or droplets). Recent studies have revealed evidences that indicate that LLPS plays a vital role in human health and diseases. In this review, we describe our current understanding of LLPS and summarize its physiological functions. We further describe the role of LLPS in the development of human diseases. Additionally, we review the recently developed methods for studying LLPS. Although LLPS research is in its infancy—but is fast-growing—it is clear that LLPS plays an essential role in the development of pathophysiological conditions. This highlights the need for an overview of the recent advances in the field to translate our current knowledge regarding LLPS into therapeutic discoveries.

scholarly journals Advances in the role of m6A RNA modification in cancer metabolic reprogramming

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiu Han ◽  
Lin Wang ◽  
Qingzhen Han
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Epigenetic Modification ◽  
Metabolic Reprogramming ◽  
Regulatory Mechanisms ◽  
Rna Modification ◽  
Biological Functions ◽  
Rna Transcription ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
Metabolic Genes

Abstract N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification is the most common internal modification of eukaryotic mRNA and is widely involved in many cellular processes, such as RNA transcription, splicing, nuclear transport, degradation, and translation. m6A has been shown to plays important roles in the initiation and progression of various cancers. The altered metabolic programming of cancer cells promotes their cell-autonomous proliferation and survival, leading to an indispensable hallmark of cancers. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that this epigenetic modification exerts extensive effects on the cancer metabolic network by either directly regulating the expression of metabolic genes or modulating metabolism-associated signaling pathways. In this review, we summarized the regulatory mechanisms and biological functions of m6A and its role in cancer metabolic reprogramming.

scholarly journals The Role of lncRNA PCAT6 in Cancers

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siying Wang ◽  
Zhenyao Chen ◽  
Jingyao Gu ◽  
Xin Chen ◽  
Zhaoxia Wang
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Prognostic Biomarker ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Cancer Breast ◽  
Non Coding Rna ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Cancer Côlon ◽  
Long Non Coding Rna

Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) PCAT6 is a member of the Prostate Cancer Associated Transcripts family of molecules. In this review, we focus on the latest studies involving PCAT6 in the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of malignant tumors of the digestive, respiratory, urinary, reproductive, motion, and nervous systems. PCAT6 was found to be highly expressed in gastric cancer, colon cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, lung cancer, bladder cancer, ovarian cancer, breast cancer, cervical cancer, osteosarcoma, glioblastoma, and other tumors. PCAT6 can promote the development and progression of different types of malignant tumors through various mechanisms. Overall, these findings suggest that PCAT6 may play an increasingly vital role in the clinical assessment of these malignant tumors. It can function as an oncogene and may be used as a potential new prognostic biomarker of these tumors.

scholarly journals The Incarnation as the Fundamental Mystery for Sacramentality in the Catholic Tübingen School

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 176-187
Author(s):  
Samuel Goyvaerts
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Crucial Role ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Christian Faith ◽  
Interesting Connection ◽  
The Rich

This article reveals part of the rich but unknown liturgical thought of the nineteenth-century Catholic Tübingen School. In the reflections of these German theologians on liturgy and especially the eucharist, the incarnation plays a vital role. Johann Sebastian Drey considers the incarnation as the “fundamental mystery” of the Christian faith. In this article, the importance of the incarnation for Drey’s liturgical thinking and his reflections on sacramentality are explored. Attention is also given to Drey’s student, Johann Adam Möhler. The crucial role of the incarnation for his ecclesiology has already been proven, but this article demonstrates the role of the incarnation in his liturgical and sacramental reflections. In his writings on the eucharist, he makes an interesting connection between what he calls “ongoing incarnation” and the idea of theosis. At the end of the article some contemporary liturgical theological perspectives are developed on the relevance of (ongoing) incarnation and theosis.

scholarly journals Building capabilities for change: the crucial role of resilience

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-8
Author(s):  
Julie Hodges
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Change ◽  
Crucial Role ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mba Students ◽  
Executive Mba ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose This paper aims to discuss the importance of building internal capabilities for change. The main elements of building capabilities are highlighted, along with the benefits. In particular, there is focus on building resilience and how it can help people to respond to and cope with changes more effectively and efficiently. The paper concludes by emphasizing that developing resilience takes time but that research shows that it can impact on how individuals engage in organizational change. Design/methodology/approach The approach taken is a review of the literature. Data are also used from a group of executive MBA students who were asked what capabilities they thought were necessary to lead and manage change. Findings Findings show that resilience is a key capability for leading and managing organizational change. The components of resilience play a vital role in enabling people to cope with change. Practical implications The practical implications are that organizations need to develop the capabilities for change to ensure that change is sustained in organizations. Managers and HR staff should consider ways of building capabilities for change, especially resilience. Originality/value The value of this paper is that it emphasizes the importance of building capabilities for change, especially resilience.

scholarly journals Regulation of Gene Expression Associated With the N6-Methyladenosine (m6A) Enzyme System and Its Significance in Cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuoran Tian ◽  
Junzhong Lai ◽  
Tingting Yu ◽  
Qiumei Li ◽  
Qi Chen
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Tumor Suppressor Genes ◽  
Enzyme System ◽  
Cell Metabolism ◽  
Regulation Of Gene Expression ◽  
Rna Modification ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Biological Functions ◽  
Altered Expression

N6-methyladenosine (m6A), an important RNA modification, is a reversible behavior catalyzed by methyltransferase complexes (m6A “writers”), demethylated transferases (m6A “erasers”), and binding proteins (m6A “readers”). It plays a vital regulatory role in biological functions, involving in a variety of physiological and pathological processes. The level of m6A will affect the RNA metabolism including the degradation of mRNA, and processing or translation of the modified RNA. Its abnormal changes will lead to disrupting the regulation of gene expression and promoting the occurrence of aberrant cell behavior. The abnormal expression of m6A enzyme system can be a crucial impact disturbing the abundance of m6A, thus affecting the expression of oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes in various types of cancer. In this review, we elucidate the special role of m6A “writers”, “erasers”, and “readers” in normal physiology, and how their altered expression affects the cell metabolism and promotes the occurrence of tumors. We also discuss the potential to target these enzymes for cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and the development of new therapies.

scholarly journals The role of scaffold reshaping and disassembly in dynamin driven membrane fission

eLife ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina Pannuzzo ◽  
Zachary A McDargh ◽  
Markus Deserno
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Model ◽  
Experimental Work ◽  
Crucial Role ◽  
Longitudinal Axis ◽  
Eukaryotic Cells ◽  
Binding Domains ◽  
Membrane Fission ◽  
Functional Consequences ◽  
Shape Changes

The large GTPase dynamin catalyzes membrane fission in eukaryotic cells, but despite three decades of experimental work, competing and partially conflicting models persist regarding some of its most basic actions. Here we investigate the mechanical and functional consequences of dynamin scaffold shape changes and disassembly with the help of a geometrically and elastically realistic simulation model of helical dynamin-membrane complexes. Beyond changes of radius and pitch, we emphasize the crucial role of a third functional motion: an effective rotation of the filament around its longitudinal axis, which reflects alternate tilting of dynamin’s PH binding domains and creates a membrane torque. We also show that helix elongation impedes fission, hemifission is reached via a small transient pore, and coat disassembly assists fission. Our results have several testable structural consequences and help to reconcile mutual conflicting aspects between the two main present models of dynamin fission—the two-stage and the constrictase model.

scholarly journals RNA m6A methylation regulators in ovarian cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jialu Guo ◽  
Jianfeng Zheng ◽  
Huizhi Zhang ◽  
Jinyi Tong
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Binding Proteins ◽  
Rna Binding ◽  
Rna Binding Proteins ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Rna Modification ◽  
Potential Use

AbstractN6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most abundant RNA modification of mammalian mRNAs and plays a vital role in many diseases, especially tumours. In recent years, m6A has become the topic of intense discussion in epigenetics. M6A modification is dynamically regulated by methyltransferases, demethylases and RNA-binding proteins. Ovarian cancer (OC) is a common but highly fatal malignancy in female. Increasing evidence shows that changes in m6A levels and the dysregulation of m6A regulators are associated with the occurrence, development or prognosis of OC. In this review, the latest studies on m6A and its regulators in OC have been summarized, and we focus on the key role of m6A modification in the development and progression of OC. Additionally, we also discuss the potential use of m6A modification and its regulators in the diagnosis and treatment of OC.

Asiana Airlines Flight 214

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Chow ◽  
Stephen Yortsos ◽  
Najmedin Meshkati
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Aviation Safety ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Cultural Issues ◽  
Flight Crew ◽  
Pilot Performance ◽  
Engineering Designs ◽  
Flight Deck

This article focuses on a major human factors–related issue that includes the undeniable role of cultural factors and cockpit automation and their serious impact on flight crew performance, communication, and aviation safety. The report concentrates on the flight crew performance of the Boeing 777–Asiana Airlines Flight 214 accident, by exploring issues concerning mode confusion and autothrottle systems. It also further reviews the vital role of cultural factors in aviation safety and provides a brief overview of past, related accidents. Automation progressions have been created in an attempt to design an error-free flight deck. However, to do that, the pilot must still thoroughly understand every component of the flight deck – most importantly, the automation. Otherwise, if pilots are not completely competent in terms of their automation, the slightest errors can lead to fatal accidents. As seen in the case of Asiana Flight 214, even though engineering designs and pilot training have greatly evolved over the years, there are many cultural, design, and communication factors that affect pilot performance. It is concluded that aviation systems designers, in cooperation with pilots and regulatory bodies, should lead the strategic effort of systematically addressing the serious issues of cockpit automation, human factors, and cultural issues, including their interactions, which will certainly lead to better solutions for safer flights.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document