scholarly journals Metabolic output defines Escherichia coli as a health-promoting microbe against intestinal Pseudomonas aeruginosa

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Theodoulakis Christofi ◽  
Stavria Panayidou ◽  
Irini Dieronitou ◽  
Christina Michael ◽  
Yiorgos Apidianakis
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
High Titre ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
High Sugar Concentration ◽  
Intestinal Pathogens ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Metabolic Output

Abstract Gut microbiota acts as a barrier against intestinal pathogens, but species-specific protection of the host from infection remains relatively unexplored. Although lactobacilli and bifidobacteria produce beneficial lactic and short-chain fatty acids in the mammalian gut, the significance of intestinal Escherichia coli producing these acids is debatable. Taking a Koch’s postulates approach in reverse, we define Escherichia coli as health-promoting for naturally colonizing the gut of healthy mice and protecting them against intestinal colonization and concomitant mortality by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Reintroduction of faecal bacteria and E. coli in antibiotic-treated mice establishes a high titre of E. coli in the host intestine and increases defence against P. aeruginosa colonization and mortality. Strikingly, high sugar concentration favours E. coli fermentation to lactic and acetic acid and inhibits P. aeruginosa growth and virulence in aerobic cultures and in a model of aerobic metabolism in flies, while dietary vegetable fats - not carbohydrates or proteins - favour E. coli fermentation and protect the host in the anaerobic mouse gut. Thus E. coli metabolic output is an important indicator of resistance to infection. Our work may also suggest that the lack of antimicrobial bacterial metabolites in mammalian lungs and wounds allows P. aeruginosa to be a formidable microbe at these sites.

scholarly journals DefiningEscherichia colias a health-promoting microbe against intestinalPseudomonas aeruginosa

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theodoulakis Christofi ◽  
Stavria Panayidou ◽  
Irini Dieronitou ◽  
Christina Michael ◽  
Yiorgos Apidianakis
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Wound Infections ◽  
Human Gut ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Intestinal Pathogens ◽  
Health Promoting

AbstractGut microbiota acts as a barrier against intestinal pathogens, but species-specific protection of the host from infection remains relatively unexplored. Taking a Koch’s postulates approach in reverse to define health-promoting microbes we find thatEscherichia colinaturally colonizes the gut of healthy mice, but it is depleted from the gut of antibiotic-treated mice, which become susceptible to intestinal colonization byPseudomonas aeruginosaand concomitant mortality. Reintroduction of fecal bacteria andE. coliestablishes a high titer ofE. coliin the host intestine and increases defence againstP. aeruginosacolonization and mortality. Moreover, diet is relevant in this process because high sugars or dietary fat favoursE. colifermentation to lactic acid andP. aeruginosagrowth inhibition. To the contrary, low sugars allowP. aeruginosato produce the oxidative agent pyocyanin that inhibitsE. coligrowth. Our results provide an explanation as to whyP. aeruginosadoesn’t commonly infect the human gut, despite being a formidable microbe in lung and wound infections.Author SummaryHere we interrogate the conundrum as to whyPseudomonas aeruginosais not a clinical problem in the intestine as opposed to other tissues.P. aeruginosainteracts with Neisseria, Streptococcus, Staphylococcus and Actinomyces species found in the human lung. These are predominantly gram-positive bacteria that induceP. aeruginosavirulence. Moreover, peptidoglycan, which is abundant in gram-positive bacteria, can directly trigger the virulence ofP. aeriginosa. We reasoned thatP. aeruginosamight be benign in the human gut due to the inhibitory action of benign gram-negative intestinal bacteria, such asEscherichia coli. Therefore, we dissected the antagonism betweenE. coliandP. aeruginosaand the effect of a conventional, a fat-, a carbohydrate-and a protein-based diet in intestinal dysbiosis. Our findings support the notion that an unbalanced diet or antibiotics induces gut dysbiosis by the elimination of commensalE. coli, in addition to lactic acid bacteria, imposing a gut environment conducive toP. aeruginosainfection. Moreover, commensalE. coliprovides an explanation as to whyP. aeruginosadoesn’t commonly infect the human gut, despite being a formidable microbe in lung and wound infections.

Colicin-like bacteriocins as novel therapeutic agents for the treatment of chronic biofilm-mediated infection

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 1549-1552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla L. Brown ◽  
Karen Smith ◽  
Laura McCaughey ◽  
Daniel Walker
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Antimicrobial Treatment ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Species Specific

The emergence of pan-resistant strains of Gram-negative pathogens and the ability of many bacteria to form multidrug-resistant biofilms during chronic infection poses the grave threat of bacterial infections that are truly untreatable with our current armoury of antibiotics. Despite obvious clinical need, few new antibiotics have entered clinical practice in recent years. For ‘difficult to treat’ Gram-negative bacteria such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli, where the presence of outer membrane and multidrug-efflux pumps severely limit the effectiveness of whole classes of antibiotics, the need is particularly pressing. An alternative approach to antimicrobial treatment is to use the well-characterized species-specific colicin-like bacteriocins which are produced by a wide range of Gram-negative bacteria, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli. Our current work on colicin-like bacteriocins aims to determine whether these potent antimicrobial agents are effective at killing bacteria growing in the biofilm state and during infection.

Antibacterial Activities of Sirih Merah (Piper crocatum) Leaf Extracts

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Puspa Julistia Puspita ◽  
Mega Safithri ◽  
Nirmala Peni Sugiharti
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antibacterial Agent ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Herbal Plants

Piper crocatum is one of medicinal herbal plants with a large number of benefits. Usually herbal plants have activity as antibacterial agent. Therefore, the objectives of this research were to obtain information on antibacterial activities of the leaf extracts of Piper crocatum againts four types of bacteria, in that Staphylococcus, Bacillus substilis, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and then to analyze the phytochemistry of the leaf extracts of Piper crocatum. The leaves of Piper crocatum were extracted by maceration and reflux using ethanol 30%. The assays of the antibacterial activities and phytochemistry on the extracts were carried out using the method of Maria Bintang. Results showed that the yield of the extraction using ethanol by maceration method was 20.8%. Meanwhile, using the reflux method, the yield was obtained about 26.25%. The phytochemistry analysis showed that the leaf extracts of Piper crocatum contained alkaloid, steroid and tanin. According to this study, it was found that the leaf extract of Piper crocatum can be used to inhibit the growth of B. subtilis and P. aeuruginosa, but can not inhibit the growth of E.coli and S. aureus.

Антимікробна резистентність провідних збудників інфекцій сечових шляхів у Києві (Україна)

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 48-60
Author(s):  
A.G. Salmanov ◽  
A.V. Rudenko
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Klebsiella Oxytoca ◽  
Enterobacter Aerogenes ◽  
Enterobacter Cloacae ◽  
Proteus Vulgaris ◽  
Providencia Rettgeri ◽  
E Coli

Мета роботи — вивчити резистентність до антибіотиків бактеріальних збудників інфекцій сечових шляхів (ІСШ), виділених у пацієнтів урологічного стаціонару в м. Києві. Матеріали і методи. Досліджено 1612 штамів бактерій, виділених із сечі хворих з ІСШ (цистит, уретрит, пієлонефрит), госпіталізованих в урологічне відділення ДУ «Інститут урології НАМН України» у м. Києві протягом 2016 р. Серед пацієнтів переважали жінки — 1201 (74,5 %). Вік хворих становив від 17 до 74 років. Для збору даних використано медичну документацію лікарні. Мікробіологічні дослідження виконано у лабораторії мікробіології ДУ «Інститут урології НАМН України». Аналізували результати культурального дослідження зразків сечі, зібраних за наявності клінічних ознак ІСШ. Дослідження клінічного матеріалу та інтерпретацію отриманих результатів проводили загальноприйнятими методами. Вивчено чутливість уропатогенів до 31 антибіотика дискодифузійним методом відповідно до рекомендацій Інституту клінічних та лабораторних стандартів США (Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI)). Результати та обговорення. Аналіз мікробного спектра сечі виявив домінування серед уропатогенів штамів Escherichia coli (32,0 %), Enterococcus faecalis (19,5 %), Klebsiella pneumoniae (10,9 %), Staphylococcus epidermidis (8,9 %), S. haemolyticus (6,5 %) та Pseudomonas aeruginosa (6,4 %). Частка Enterococcus faecium, Enterobacter aerogenes і Streptococcus viridans становила відповідно 2,5, 2,2 і 1,6 %, Enterobacter cloacae, Klebsiella oxytoca, Acinetobacter baumannii, Proteus vulgaris та Providencia rettgeri — менше 1,0 %. У більшості випадків (69,7 %) мікроорганізми виділено у монокультурі, у решті випадків — у мікробних асоціа- ціях. Високу резистентність до тестованих антибіотиків виявили штами E. aerogenes (45,1 %), E. cloacae (45,7 %), E. faecium (40,9 %), E. faecalis (40,7 %), E. coli (39,9 %), P. aeruginosa (34,0 %), K. pneumoniae (28,6 %). Найбільш активними до уропатогенів були іміпенем (E. coli — 87,6 %, P. aeruginosa — 75,7 %, E. cloacae — 67,3 %, E. aerogenes — 72,6 %, K. pneumoniae — 93,2 %), меропенем (E. coli — 89,1 %, P. aeruginosa — 76,7 %, K. pneumoniae — 82,6 %), лефлоцин (E. coli — 74,5 %, ентерококи — 78,7 %, P. aeruginosa — 76,7 %, E. cloacae — 73,9 %, E. aerogenes — 80,4 %, K. pneumoniae — 83,5 %), амоксицилін/клавуланат (ентерококи — 84,6 %), фурагін (ентерококи — 82,6 %), цефоперазон (K. pneumoniae — 89,2 %, P. aeruginosa — 73,8 %), цефтріаксон (K. pneumoniae — 80,1 %). Висновки. Антибіотикорезистентність збудників ІСШ — важлива терапевтична проблема. Найбільшою активністю до уропатогенів характеризуються іміпенем, меропенем, лефлоцин, амоксицилін/ клавуланат, фурагін, цефоперазон, цефтріаксон, які можна розглядати як препарат вибору для призначення стартової терапії ІСШ. Необхідно здійснювати постійний моніторинг за резистентністю до дії антибіотиків. Політику використання антибіотиків у кожному стаціонарі слід визначати залежно від локальних даних щодо резистентності до протимікробних препаратів.

Activité antibactérienne de l’huile essentielle de Pelargonium x asperum et son potentiel synergique avec la nisine

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 140-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ouelhadj ◽  
L. Ait Salem ◽  
D. Djenane
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Nous Avons ◽  
Activité Antibactérienne

Ce travail vise l’étude de l’activité antibactérienne de l’huile essentielle (HE) de Pelargoniumx asperum et de la bactériocine, la nisine seul et en combinaison vis-à-vis de six bactéries dont quatre sont multirésistantes d’origine clinique. L’activité antibactérienne in vitro a été évaluée par la méthode de diffusion sur gélose. La concentration minimale inhibitrice (CMI) est aussi déterminée pour HE. Les résultats ont révélé une activité antibactérienne significative exercée par HE visà-vis de Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 43300), Staphylococcus aureus et Escherichia coli avec des diamètres d’inhibition de 36,00 ; 22,50 et 40,00 mm, respectivement. Cependant, l’HE de Pelargonium asperum a montré une activité antibactérienne supérieure par rapport à la nisine. Les valeurs des CMI rapportées dans cette étude sont comprises entre 1,98–3,96 μl/ml. Les combinaisons réalisées entre HE et la nisine ont montré un effet additif vis-à-vis de Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922) avec (50 % HE Pelargonium asperum + 50 % nisine). Par contre, nous avons enregistré une synergie vis-à-vis de Klebsiella pneumoniae avec (75 % HE Pelargonium asperum + 25 % nisine) et contre Pseudomonas aeruginosa avec les trois combinaisons testées. Les résultats obtenus permettent de dire que l’HE de Pelargonium asperum possède une activité antibactérienne ainsi que sa combinaison avec la nisine pourrait représenter une bonne alternative pour la lutte contre l’antibiorésistance.

Chemical Composition and Antibacterial Activity of Essential Oils of Three Medicinal Plants from Algerian Semi-Arid Climatic Zone

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (S1) ◽  
pp. S155-S163 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Mehalaine ◽  
O. Belfadel ◽  
T. Menasria ◽  
A. Messaili
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Rosmarinus Officinalis ◽  
Salvia Officinalis ◽  
Thymus Algeriensis

The present study was carried out to determine, for the first time, the chemical composition and antibacterial activity of essential oils derived from the aerial parts of three aromatic plants Thymus algeriensis Boiss & Reut, Rosmarinus officinalis L., and Salvia officinalis L. growing under semiarid conditions. The essential oils were chemically analyzed and identified by gas chromatography (GC) and GC/ mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and their antimicrobial activity was individually evaluated against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa using both agar disk diffusion and agar dilution methods. The major constituents of Thymus algeriensis essential oil were identified as camphor (13.62%), 1,8-cineol (6.00%), borneol (5.74%), viridiflorol (4.00%), and linalool (3.93%). For Rosmarinus officinalis essential oil, 48 compounds were characterized, of which the main constituents were camphor (17.09%), Z-β-ocimene (10.88%), isoborneol (9.68%), α-bisabolol (7.89%), and borneol (5.11%). While, Salvia officinalis essential oil was characterized by β-thujone (16.44%), followed by viridiflorol (10.93%), camphor (8.99%), 1,8-cineol (8.11%), trans-caryophyllene (5.85%), and α-humulene (4.69%) as the major components. Notably, results from antibacterial screening indicated that Thymus algeriensis and Salvia officinalis essential oils exhibited a strong inhibitory effect against both Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus compared to Rosmarinus officinalis essential oil. Further, less activity was recorded against Pseudomonas aeruginosa for the three tested essential oils.

Microbiological quality of residues from drinking water preparation

1995 ◽  
Vol 31 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 75-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Würzer ◽  
A. Wiedenmann ◽  
K. Botzenhart
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Detection Limits

In Germany the application of procedures such as flocculation and filtration in the preparation of drinking water results in the annual production of an estimated 500,000 t of sediments and sludges. Some of these residues have a potential for being reused, for example in agriculture, forestry, brickworks or waste water treatment. To assess the microbiological quality of residues from waterworks methods for the detection of enterobacteria, Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Legionella, poliovirus, Ascaris suis eggs and Cryptosporidium have been evaluated regarding their detection limits and were applied to various residues from German waterworks. Results show that sediments and sludges may contain pathogenic bacteria, viruses and protista. When residues from waterworks are intended to be reused in agriculture or forestry the microbiological quality should therefore be considered.

Exploración de la actividad antibacteriana de Metformina frente a Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus y Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Bionatura ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 1335-1339
Author(s):  
Pool Marcos-Carbajal ◽  
Christian Allca-Muñoz ◽  
Ángel Urbano-Niño ◽  
Alberto Salazar-Granara
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa

El objetivo del estudio es determinar la actividad antibacteriana de Metformina frente a Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus y Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Se evaluó la actividad antibacteriana mediante la técnica de Kirby Bauer. Se utilizó cepas de Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923) y Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853), las cuales se expusieron a Metformina en concentraciones de 250 mg y 500 mg, Ciprofloxacino (CIP) 5 µg, Imipenem (IPM) 10 µg, y Cefoxitin (FOX) 30 µg. Frente a Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus y Pseudomonas aeruginosa se presentó un halo de inhibición de 6 mm. para Metformina 250 mg, 6 mm. para Metformina 500 mg, y un halo de inhibición >25 mm. con el uso de Ciprofloxacino 5 µg, Cefoxitin 30 µg, e Imipenem 10 µg respectivamente. En conclusion, In vitro Metformina a dosis de 250 y 500 mg, no presentó efecto antibacteriano frente a Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus y Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

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