scholarly journals Hazardous base surges of Taal’s 2020 eruption

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. F. Lagmay ◽  
M. I. R. Balangue-Tarriela ◽  
M. Aurelio ◽  
R. Ybanez ◽  
A. Bonus-Ybanez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Numerical Methods ◽  
Coastal Communities ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Taal Volcano ◽  
Observed Information ◽  
Base Surge

AbstractAfter 43 years of repose, Taal Volcano erupted on 12 January 2020 forming hazardous base surges. Using field, remote sensing (i.e. UAV and LiDAR), and numerical methods, we gathered primary data to generate well-constrained observed information on dune bedform characteristics, impact dynamic pressures and velocities of base surges. This is to advance our knowledge on this type of hazard to understand and evaluate its consequences and risks. The dilute and wet surges traveled at 50-60 ms−1 near the crater rim and decelerated before making impact on coastal communities with dynamic pressures of at least 1.7 kPa. The base surges killed more than a thousand livestock in the southeast of Taal Volcano Island, and then traveled another ~ 600 m offshore. This work is a rare document of a complete, fresh, and practically undisturbed base surge deposit, important in the study of dune deposits formed by volcanic and other processes on Earth and other planets.

scholarly journals Hazardous Base Surges of Taal’s 2020 Eruption

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Aurelio ◽  
Richard Ybanez ◽  
Audrei Anne Ybanez ◽  
Jolly Joyce Sulapas ◽  
Criselda Baldago ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Numerical Methods ◽  
Coastal Communities ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Taal Volcano ◽  
Empirical Information ◽  
Base Surge

Abstract After 43 years of repose, Taal Volcano erupted on 12 January 2020 forming hazardous base surges. Using field, remote sensing (i.e. UAV and LiDAR), and numerical methods, we gathered primary data to generate well-constrained empirical information on dune bedform characteristics, impact dynamic pressures and velocities of base surges to advance our knowledge on this hazard to understand and evaluate its consequences and risks. The base surges traveled at 50-60 km/hr near the crater and decelerated before making impact on coastal communities with dynamic pressures of at least 1.7-2.1 kPa. The base surges killed more than a thousand livestock in the southeast of Taal Volcano Island, and then traveled another 600 meters offshore. This work is a rare document of a complete, fresh and practically undisturbed base surge deposit, important in the study of dune deposits formed by volcanic, and other processes on Earth and other planets.

scholarly journals Remote Sensing for Property Valuation: A Data Source Comparison in Support of Fair Land Taxation in Rwanda

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 3563
Author(s):  
Mila Koeva ◽  
Oscar Gasuku ◽  
Monica Lengoiboni ◽  
Kwabena Asiama ◽  
Rohan Mark Bennett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Aerial Images ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Remotely Sensed Data ◽  
Quality Of Data ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Property Valuation ◽  
Land Administration

Remotely sensed data is increasingly applied across many domains, including fit-for-purpose land administration (FFPLA), where the focus is on fast, affordable, and accurate property information collection. Property valuation, as one of the main functions of land administration systems, is influenced by locational, physical, legal, and economic factors. Despite the importance of property valuation to economic development, there are often no standardized rules or strict data requirements for property valuation for taxation in developing contexts, such as Rwanda. This study aims at assessing different remote sensing data in support of developing a new approach for property valuation for taxation in Rwanda; one that aligns with the FFPLA philosophy. Three different remote sensing technologies, (i) aerial images acquired with a digital camera, (ii) WorldView2 satellite images, and (iii) unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) images obtained with a DJI Phantom 2 Vision Plus quadcopter, are compared and analyzed in terms of their fitness to fulfil the requirements for valuation for taxation purposes. Quantitative and qualitative methods are applied for the comparative analysis. Prior to the field visit, the fundamental concepts of property valuation for taxation and remote sensing were reviewed. In the field, reference data using high precision GNSS (Leica) was collected and used for quantitative assessment. Primary data was further collected via semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions. The results show that UAVs have the highest potential for collecting data to support property valuation for taxation. The main reasons are the prime need for accurate-enough and up-to-date information. The comparison of the different remote sensing techniques and the provided new approach can support land valuers and professionals in the field in bottom-up activities following the FFPLA principles and maintaining the temporal quality of data needed for fair taxation.

scholarly journals MODEL OF ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT AT COASTAL PEOPLE IN BANTEN PROVINCE: CASE STUDY IN LONTAR VILLAGE, TIRTAYASA DISTRICT, SERANG REGION AND CITEUREP VILLAGE, PANIMBANG DISTRICT, PANDEGLANG REGION

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Agus Sjafari ◽  
Kandung Sapto Nugroho ◽  
Arenawati Arenawati ◽  
Oki Otaviana ◽  
Guntur Fernanto
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Data ◽  
Coastal Communities ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Economic Empowerment ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Empowerment Model ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Village

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis efektifitas kegiatan pemberdayaan ekonomi masyarakat pesisir yang telah dilakukan oleh pemerintah provinsi Banten, sehingga dapat mengetahui model pemberdayaan ekonomi paling efektif bagi masyarakat pesisir di Provinsi Banten. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif, dengan lokasi penelitian di Desa Lontar Kecamatan Tirtayasa, Kabupaten Serang dan Desa Citeurep, Kecamatan Panimbang, Kabupaten Pandeglang. Penentuan informan dilakukan secara purposive sampling. Data primer penelitian ini diperoleh dari wawancara mendalam dan observasi. Data sekunder diperoleh dari studi literatur dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan karakteristik nelayan antara desa Lontar dan Citeurep. Ada perbedaan jenis pemberdayaan di kedua desa. Ada perbedaan komoditas pada kedua kelompok nelayan. Di Desa Lontar, jenis komoditas yang dihasilkan lebih bervariasi, perikanan tangkap, bandeng dan budidaya rumput laut dan usahatani rumput laut. Sedangkan di Desa Citeurep komoditi hanya menangkap ikan. Dalam perspektif kelompok, nelayan di Desa Lontar lebih terorganisir daripada nelayan di Desa Citeurep. Model pemberdayaan relatif yang dapat diterapkan pada dua kelompok nelayan tersebut adalah dengan Model Pendekatan Kelompok Berbasis Regional dengan mempertimbangkan karakteristik masyarakat yang ada di daerahnya masing-masing. Pola pemberdayaan yang paling tepat adalah pola pemberdayaan yang melibatkan seluruh pemangku kepentingan yang menggunakan skema kemitraan seperti: peran pemerintah daerah, perguruan tinggi, DPRD, dan swasta / perusahaan.   Kata kunci: pemberdayaan pesisir, kesejahteraan, kelompok nelayan   ABSTRACT This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of economic empowerment activities of coastal communities that have been done by the government of Banten province, thus to find out the most effective model of economic empowerment for coastal communities in the province of Banten. Metode used in this study is qualitative descriptive, with research sites in the village of Lontar sub District Tirtayasa, Serang Region and Citeurep Village, Panimbang sub District, Pandeglang Region. Informant's determination is done by purposive sampling. Primary data of this research is getting from indepth interview and observation. Secondary data getting from by literature study and documentation. The results of this study indicate that there are differences in the characteristics of fishermen between Lontar and Citeurep villages. There are differences in type of empowerment in both villages. There is a difference of commodities in both groups of fishermen. In Lontar Village, the types of commodities produced are more varied, capture fishery, milkfish and Sea Weed cultivation and seaweed farming. While in Citeurep Village the commodity is capture fish only. In group perspective, fishermen in Lontar Village are more organized than the fishermen in Citeurep Village. The relative empowerment model that can be applied to the two groups of fishermen is with the Regional-Based Group Approach Model taking into account the characteristics of the community that exist in their respective regions. The most appropriate  pattern of empowerment is the empowerment pattern that involves all stakeholders using partnership schemes such as: the role of local government, universities, DPRD, and private / corporate   Keywords: coastal empowerment, welfare, group of fishermen

scholarly journals Assessing community resilience to natural disaster and climate change in Maitara Island, North Maluku-Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 229 ◽  
pp. 02002
Author(s):  
Mohammad Ridwan Lessy ◽  
Jefry Bemba ◽  
Nani Nagu
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Coastal Communities ◽  
Disaster Mitigation ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Small Island ◽  
Small Islands ◽  
Human Aspects ◽  
Resilience Index

Small Islands face some of the main problems of any coastal area due to climate change and natural disasters. This study aims to analyze the resilience of coastal communities on a small island in terms of disasters and climate change, and to identify the strategies and adaptations that communities have undertaken as anticipatory for disaster and climate change in the future. Qualitative analysis combined with quantitative methods is used in this research to provide a clear estimate of the categories of resilience in each village. The primary data was collected by using interviews and focus discussion group and secondary data acquired through the documentation on related stakeholders. The resilience index provided by the Ministry of Maritime and Fisheries Affairs is used to categorize the resilience scales of villages. The results of this study show that the human aspects and natural resources aspects have high scores in resilience, but disaster and climate change aspects; environmental/infrastructures aspects; and economic aspects should be improved. Furthermore, the community had been taking participation in disaster mitigation.

scholarly journals DUA BUDAYA: PERTANIAN DAN INDUSTRI Studi Kasus dalam Masyarakat Pesisir Dukuh Tapak, Kelurahan Tugurejo, Kecamatan Tugu, Kota Semarang

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Astrid Aditika Ningwuri
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Coastal Communities ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Mutual Help ◽  
Family Economy ◽  
The Social ◽  
Depth Interviews

This study examines two cultural forms of livelihood in coastal communities Dukuh Tapak, Kelurahan Tugurejo, Semarang. This research purpose is to identify the conditions of each individual and family livelihood, a reason to the dualism of livelihood, and the influence of industry on the social and economic life. This research use a qualitative method, collecting primary data through in-depth interviews and observation, secondary data obtained from study of literature and documents. The results showed that Dukuh Tapak's people have a livelihood as factory employees while managing the fish farm as a sideline. Most people who work in factories are women and youth as a bid to shore up their family economy. Industrialization did not significantly affect the socio-economic conditions, in which a sense of kinship and mutual help are still well preserved. While in terms of economic, a family with two types of livelihood tend to be more established than a family with only working either in the industry or the agricultural sector.

scholarly journals CHANGE DETECTION SOFTWARE USING SELF-ORGANIZING FEATURE MAPS

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 505
Author(s):  
Nilton Correia da Silva ◽  
Osmar Abílio de Carvalho Júnior ◽  
Antonio Nuno de Castro Santa Rosa ◽  
Renato Fontes Guimarães ◽  
Roberto Arnaldo Trancoso Gomes
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Change Detection ◽  
High Dimensional Data ◽  
Unsupervised Classification ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
High Dimensional ◽  
Feature Maps ◽  
Self Organizing

Os mapas auto-organizáveis (SOFM) consistem em um tipo de rede neural artificial que permite a conversão de dados de alta dimensão, complexos e não lineares, em simples relações geométricas com baixa dimensionalidade. Este método também pode ser utilizado para a classificação de imagens de sensoriamento remoto, pois permite a compressão de dados de alta dimensão preservando as relações topológicas dos dados primários. Este trabalho objetiva desenvolver uma metodologia eficaz para a utilização de mapas auto-organizáveis na detecção de mudanças. No presente estudo o SOFM é utilizado para a classificação não supervisionada de dados de sensoriamento remoto, considerando os seguintes atributos: espaciais (x, y), espectrais e temporais. O método é empregado na região oeste da Bahia, que teve recentemente um aumento significativo em monoculturas. Testes foram realizados com os parâmetros do SOFM com o objetivo de refinar o mapa de detecção demudanças. O SOFM possibilita uma melhor seleção de células e dos correspondentes vetores de peso, que mostram o processo de ordenação e agrupamento hierárquicodos dados. Esta informação é essencial para identificar mudanças ao longo do tempo. Um programa em linguagem C ++ do método proposto foi desenvolvido. ABSTRACT. Self-organizing feature maps (SOFM) consist of a type of artificial neural network that allows the conversion from high-dimensional data into simple geometric relationships with low-dimensionality. This method can also be used for classification of remote sensing images because it allows the compression of high dimensional data while preserving the most important topological and metric relationships of the primary data. This paper aims to develop an effective methodology forusing self-organizing maps in change detection. In this study, SOFM is used for unsupervised classification of remote sensing data, considering the following attributes: spatial (x and y), spectral and temporal. The method is tested and simulated in the western region of Bahia that has observed a significant increase in mechanized agriculture. Tests were performed with the SOFM parameters for the purpose of fine tuning a change detection map. The SOFM provides the best selection of cell and corresponding adjustment of weight vectors, which show the process of ordering and hierarchical clustering of the data. This information is essential to identify changes over time. All algorithms were implemented in C++ language.Keywords: unsupervised classification; land cover; multitemporal analysis; remote sensing

scholarly journals A Multi Stage Approach for Urban Building Extraction from Remote Sensing Satellite Images

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.24) ◽  
pp. 95
Author(s):  
VSSN Gopala Krishna Pendyala ◽  
Hemantha Kumar Kalluri ◽  
C.V. Rao
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Satellite Images ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Geographic Location ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Automatic Extraction ◽  
Building Extraction ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Building Information ◽  
Secondary Information

The most important parameter for urban information system is the building information which is represented by the geographic location of the buildings as well as the area, perimeter, density, inter building distances. This data is integrated with demographic data for various applications. High resolution Remote sensing images are widely used as primary data for automatic extraction of building information. Many researchers have developed different methods for maximizing the detection percentage with minimum errors. This paper analyzes the primary data available for researchers, deriving the secondary information and utilizing it effectively. Case studies by various researchers were analyzed and a methodology has been outlined using their experiences, which is expected to be more efficient and reduced errors.

scholarly journals Livelihoods Transformation of Tuban Coastal Communities Becomes Breeder of Shrimp Vannamei (Litopenaeus vannamei)

2019 ◽  
Vol 007 (01) ◽  
pp. 120-130
Author(s):  
Azhar Try Bintang ◽  
◽  
Edi Susilo ◽  
Mochammad Fattah ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Data ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Transformation Process ◽  
Coastal Communities ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
Community Environment ◽  
Interactive Analysis ◽  
Snowball Sampling Technique

The research was conducted in the coastal community environment of Panyuran Village, Tuban District, East Java Province in May 2018. The purpose of this research is to analyze the transformation of livelihood become breeder shrimp vannamei of coastal communities at Panyuran Village Tuban District. Research methodology used in this study; the research is descriptive with an approach to the phenomenon, Type of data used qualitative, the data sources are primary data and secondary data with the sampling technique used purposive sampling and snowball sampling technique, data validation used source triangulation, data analysis used interactive analysis Miles and Huberman’s model. The results showed that the phenomenon of livelihood transformation becomes seeding shrimp vannamei influenced by internal factors and external factors. The driving factors and inhibiting factors affect the acceleration or obstruction of the transformation process. This shows that the existence of a shrimp venture can help people to survive and increase living standards.

scholarly journals Algorithms for searching defects in engineering structures using GPR (Review article, Part I)

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Polarization State ◽  
Layered Media ◽  
Ultra Wideband ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Non Destructive Testing ◽  
Destructive Testing ◽  
Engineering Structures ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Non Destructive

Relevance of the problem of the development of technical means (GPR) and algorithms for processing ultra-wideband signals follows from the wide range of possibilities that these means of non-destructive testing and remote sensing provides, together with the potential of modern computing tools and software. Of particular interest in this regard are the results obtained by using various effects associated with a change in the polarization state of both primary (probing) pulses and signals reflected from complex multilayer media to detect defects in them. This is due to the possibility of not only quickly detecting heterogeneities, but also with the relatively low cost of such work. The purpose of the work is a review of various technical means (pulsed georadars) and signal processing methods for detecting various internal inhomogeneities in plane-layered media. These heterogeneities include, in addition to various internal communications elements (cables) and technical elements (drainage pipes), also dangerous externally invisible defects - subsurface cracks and delamination (interruption of contact between the layers). Materials and methods. The paper provides an overview of methods developed by the author, among others, which are designed to solve primarily the practical problems of detecting subsurface inhomogeneities and defects in plane-layered media. The physical basis for the creation of these methods was the result of many years of research by the author related to the analysis of the polarization state of complex (including pulsed) signals scattered by various objects. Results. The basis of the considered results is made up of both scientific articles and patents of Ukraine for inventions and utility models obtained by the author. Conclusions. The review of the results and various methods presented in the article is another confirmation of the wide possibilities offered by new means of remote sensing and non-destructive testing. These tools include not only the devices themselves (elements for obtaining primary data), but also information processing algorithms and software, combined into a single methodology for collecting, processing and subsequent storage of data on the current state of the examined technical and natural objects.

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