scholarly journals Development and use of a construct map framework to support teaching and assessment of noncovalent interactions in a biochemical context

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 1151-1165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Loertscher ◽  
Jennifer E. Lewis ◽  
Allison M. Mercer ◽  
Vicky Minderhout

Most chemistry educators agree that deep understanding of the nature of noncovalent interactions is essential for learning in chemistry. Yet decades of research have shown that students have persistent incorrect ideas about these interactions. We have worked in collaboration with a community of chemistry, biology, and biochemistry educators to develop a construct map to guide development of instructional and assessment resources related to the physical basis of noncovalent interactions in a biochemical context. This map was devised using data about student learning and expert perspectives on noncovalent interactions, resulting in a framework that provides a detailed roadmap for teaching and learning related to this essential concept. Here we describe the development of the construct map and our use of it to reform our biochemistry teaching practice. Because biochemistry relies on application of concepts learned in prerequisite courses, this construct map could be useful for wide range of courses including general chemistry, introductory biology, organic chemistry, and biochemistry.

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 168-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ara C. Austin ◽  
Hagit Ben-Daat ◽  
Mary Zhu ◽  
Robert Atkinson ◽  
Nathan Barrows ◽  
...  

Student performance in general organic chemistry courses is determined by a wide range of factors including cognitive ability, motivation and cultural capital. Previous work on cognitive factors has tended to focus on specific areas rather than exploring performance across all problem types and cognitive skills. In this study, we have categorized the different kinds of problems encountered in general organic chemistry, and correlated performance in each problem type with overall class performance. Fairly reproducible results are found for ten consecutive semesters over five academic years. Problem types that require higher-level cognitive skills tend to correlate better with overall class performance than those that rely more heavily on memorization. Performance on some problem types was found to predict up to ∼90% of the variances of overall class performance. Correlations across problem types with external student characteristics, such as general chemistry grade, are interpreted as highlighting the important contributions of other factors in addition to cognitive ability to success in organic chemistry.


Author(s):  
Mariana dos Reis Alexandre ◽  
Thais Cristina Rodrigues Tezani

ResumoCom a finalidade de garantir o processo de ensino e aprendizagem da língua escrita e falada, o governo do Estado de São Paulo estabeleceu como currículo oficial os Programas Ler e Escrever (2007) e o EMAI (2012). Já nas escolas municipais de Bauru/SP, a partir de 2013, entrou em ação o Currículo Comum, visando à unificação curricular. O currículo tem um vasto campo de definições e merece maior atenção dos professores para ser adequado aos usos das tecnologias, as quais cada vez mais estão presentes no contexto em que vivemos. O presente trabalho teve como finalidade analisar a relação entre o currículo de algumas escolas estaduais e municipais de Bauru/SP no que tange à sua articulação com o uso das tecnologias nos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental, contrapondo a proposta curricular e a prática docente. Dessa forma, indagamos se há a articulação no cotidiano das escolas públicas em relação à tecnologia diante dos currículos vigentes. Para responder essa e outras indagações, realizamos uma pesquisa empírica, de base qualitativa, que utilizou como instrumento de coleta de dados análise bibliográfica, documental, entrevista e questionário com nove professores de escolas públicas da cidade de Bauru/SP. Identificamos que há flexibilidade curricular para a articulação ao uso das tecnologias. Também há diversos desafios e possibilidades relacionados às políticas públicas e à capacitação dos professores para lidar com as exigências da era digital. Palavras-chave: Currículo. Educação. Tecnologia. Programa Ler e Escrever. EMAI.AbstractIn order to ensure the teaching and learning process of written and spoken language, the state government of Sao Paulo established as official curriculum Programs Reading and Writing (2007) and the EMAI (2012). Already in the public schools of Bauru SP from 2013, it took action the Common Curriculum, aimed at curricular unification. The curriculum has a wide range of definitions and deserves more attention from teachers, to be suitable to the uses of the technologies, which are increasingly present in the context in which we live. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between the curriculum of some state and municipal schools of Bauru in regard to its relationship with the use of technology in the early years of elementary school, opposing the proposed curriculum and teaching practice. Thus we ask if there is a joint in public schools every day, in relation to technology, given the existing curricula. To answer this and other questions, we conducted an empirical research, qualitative basis, which used as data collection instrument literature review, documentary, interview and questionnaire with nine teachers from public schools in the city of Bauru. We found that there is curricular flexibility to the joint of the technologies usage. There are also several challenges and possibilities related to public policies and training of teachers to deal with the demands of the digital age.Keywords: Curriculum. Education. Tecnology. Read and Write Program. EMAI.ResumenCon el fin de garantizar el proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje de la lengua escrita y hablada, el gobierno del estado de Sao Paulo estableció como currículo oficial Programas lectura y escritura (2007) y la EMAI (2012). Ya en las escuelas públicas de Bauru SP de 2013, entró en acción el Currículo Común, dirigida a la unificación curricular. El plan de estudios tiene una amplia gama de definiciones y merece más atención por parte de los profesores, que son adecuados a los usos de las tecnologías, que son cada vez más presente en el contexto en el que vivimos. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar la relación entre el plan de estudios de algunas escuelas estatales y municipales de Bauru en lo que respecta a su relación con el uso de la tecnología en los primeros años de la escuela primaria, se opone a la práctica curricular y la enseñanza propuesta. Por lo tanto le pedimos si hay un conjunto en las escuelas públicas de todos los días, en relación con la tecnología, teniendo en cuenta los planes de estudio existentes. Para responder a estas y otras preguntas, se realizó una investigación empírica, base cualitativa, que utilizó como instrumento de recolección de datos y de revisión bibliográfica, documental, entrevista y cuestionario con nueve profesores de las escuelas públicas en la ciudad de Bauru. Hemos encontrado que hay flexibilidad curricular de la articulación de la utilización de las tecnologías. También hay varios retos y posibilidades relacionadas con las políticas públicas y la formación de los docentes para hacer frente a las demandas de la era digital.Palabras clave: Currículo. Educación. Technology. La lectura y el programa de escritura. EMAI.


2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 82
Author(s):  
Deny Efita Nur Rakhmawati ◽  
Agung Wiranata Kusuma

The digital native generation emergent triggers the educational practitioner to develop a new way of approaching the teaching practice in the classroom. As it is claimed that this generation has a unique characteristics and way of learning. Therefore, this paper explore the experience of the first year student of English language and letters department in using technology. Students were asked about their access to, use of and preferences for a wide range of established and emerging technologies and technology based tools using a questioner developed to assess their level of digital nativity. The results show that many first year students are highly tech-savvy. However, each student’s experience on the use of technologies and tools (e.g. computers, mobile phones) show considerable variation. The findings are analyzed using the Prensky’s theory on the ‘Digital Natives’ and the implications for using technology to support teaching and learning in higher education. The reported data indicate that for a range of emerging technologies were used intensively by the students. Furthermore, the majority of the respondents also claimed that they used the tools and technology to support their study. However, it is inconclusive as how the student integrate the tools and technology in their study.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salime Goharinezhad

BACKGROUND World Health Organization declared the vaccine hesitancy as a global public health threat in 2019. Since even a slight reduction in vaccine coverage rates can lead to a decrease in herd immunity, it is imperative to explore the underlying factors affecting vaccine hesitancy. in specific contexts, considering socioeconomic and cultural variation, to ensure interventions targeting hesitancy are well formulated and intervened. OBJECTIVE The main objective of this study is to identify underlying factors affecting vaccine hesitancy in Iran. METHODS A framework qualitative study will be conducted in the west of Tehran province in 2020. Participants in the study will be recruited hesitance-parents who extracted from the SIB system (an electronic health record in Iran) to maximize diversity. Interviews will be analyzed based on ''Determinants of Vaccine Hesitancy Matrix'' which developed by the WHO-SAGE Working Group. RESULTS deep understanding from the context-specific reasons for vaccine hesitancy cause to formulate better strategies to address them. The ultimate goal of this study is to inform future policies to increase the uptake of the vaccine in Iran. CONCLUSIONS This result of study will show variety opinions about vaccination among different types of socioeconomic and demographic households. The wide range of reasons related to vaccine hesitancy imply to more comprehensive, context-specific interventions. Today, the most important intervention issues focus on improving information about effectiveness and safety of vaccines, while other interventions for promoting vaccination is need to addressed.


Author(s):  
Maria Runfola

In this chapter, pros and cons of assessing young children’s music skills and content knowledge are explored. An integrative literature review is included as well as a thematic review lending support to core themes. Several reasons were identified as to the importance of promoting student assessment as children participate in early childhood music. Use of music assessments in the classroom and for research should consider practices consistent with musical age as well as chronological age. Increased recognition of the importance of music in total development of the child supports need for effective early childhood assessment systems especially by the music education research community as they continue to gather evidence regarding the utilitarian value of music in early childhood. Researchers need to be aware of environmental factors that may impact early music learning and cognizant of current best practices in music education for early childhood. Researcher-developed criterion measures often are not investigated for quality characteristics, and thus rigorous guidelines for such criterion measures are needed. It appears there are no definitive policy or ethics statements regarding early childhood music assessment but both should be considered vital priorities for the profession. Most likely only those scholars with profound interest in assessment and teachers with deep understanding of the role of assessment in teaching and learning will volunteer to respond. Everything developed in such a national network will be useful, providing we start with clearly defined, intended outcomes and then develop assessments to document student attainment of those musical outcomes.


Author(s):  
José-María Fernández-Batanero ◽  
Pedro Román-Graván ◽  
Miguel-María Reyes-Rebollo ◽  
Marta Montenegro-Rueda

Educational technology has become an increasingly important element for improving the teaching and learning process of students. To achieve these goals, it is essential that teachers have the skills they need to be able to introduce technology into their teaching practice. However, this is often overwhelming and stressful for many of them. The aim of this review was to find out how research on teacher stress and anxiety associated with the use of educational technology was proceeding. A systematic review was conducted using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines through the following bibliographic databases: PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus. Sixteen articles were found from the review. The main findings show that teachers present high levels of anxiety or stress due to their use of educational technology in the classroom. Among the conclusions, the need for research on different strategies to prevent the emergence of these anxiety and stress symptoms in teachers stands out.


BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. e047007
Author(s):  
Mari Terada ◽  
Hiroshi Ohtsu ◽  
Sho Saito ◽  
Kayoko Hayakawa ◽  
Shinya Tsuzuki ◽  
...  

ObjectivesTo investigate the risk factors contributing to severity on admission. Additionally, risk factors of worst severity and fatality were studied. Moreover, factors were compared based on three points: early severity, worst severity and fatality.DesignAn observational cohort study using data entered in a Japan nationwide COVID-19 inpatient registry, COVIREGI-JP.SettingAs of 28 September 2020, 10480 cases from 802 facilities have been registered. Participating facilities cover a wide range of hospitals where patients with COVID-19 are admitted in Japan.ParticipantsParticipants who had a positive test result on any applicable SARS-CoV-2 diagnostic tests were admitted to participating healthcare facilities. A total of 3829 cases were identified from 16 January to 31 May 2020, of which 3376 cases were included in this study.Primary and secondary outcome measuresPrimary outcome was severe or nonsevere on admission, determined by the requirement of mechanical ventilation or oxygen therapy, SpO2 or respiratory rate. Secondary outcome was the worst severity during hospitalisation, judged by the requirement of oxygen and/orinvasive mechanical ventilation/extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.ResultsRisk factors for severity on admission were older age, men, cardiovascular disease, chronic respiratory disease, diabetes, obesity and hypertension. Cerebrovascular disease, liver disease, renal disease or dialysis, solid tumour and hyperlipidaemia did not influence severity on admission; however, it influenced worst severity. Fatality rates for obesity, hypertension and hyperlipidaemia were relatively lower.ConclusionsThis study segregated the comorbidities influencing severity and death. It is possible that risk factors for severity on admission, worst severity and fatality are not consistent and may be propelled by different factors. Specifically, while hypertension, hyperlipidaemia and obesity had major effect on worst severity, their impact was mild on fatality in the Japanese population. Some studies contradict our results; therefore, detailed analyses, considering in-hospital treatments, are needed for validation.Trial registration numberUMIN000039873. https://upload.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr_e/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000045453


Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 249
Author(s):  
Raquel G. Soengas ◽  
Humberto Rodríguez-Solla

The 1,3-butadiene motif is widely found in many natural products and drug candidates with relevant biological activities. Moreover, dienes are important targets for synthetic chemists, due to their ability to give access to a wide range of functional group transformations, including a broad range of C-C bond-forming processes. Therefore, the stereoselective preparation of dienes have attracted much attention over the past decades, and the search for new synthetic protocols continues unabated. The aim of this review is to give an overview of the diverse methodologies that have emerged in the last decade, with a focus on the synthetic processes that meet the requirements of efficiency and sustainability of modern organic chemistry.


SAGE Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 215824402110269
Author(s):  
Guangbao Fang ◽  
Philip Wing Keung Chan ◽  
Penelope Kalogeropoulos

Using data from the Teaching and Learning International Survey (TALIS; 2013), this article explores teachers’ needs, support, and barriers in their professional development. The research finds that Australian teachers expressed greater needs in information and communication technology (ICT) use and new technology training for teaching, while Shanghai teachers required more assistance to satisfy students’ individual learning and pedagogical competencies. More than 80% of Australian and Shanghai teachers received scheduled time to support their participation in professional development, whereas less than 20% of Australian and Shanghai teachers received monetary or nonmonetary support. In terms of barriers, Australian and Shanghai teachers reported two significant barriers that conflicted with their participation in professional development: “working schedule” and “a lack of incentives to take part.” This article reveals implications of the study in the design of an effective professional development program for Australian and Shanghai teachers and ends with discussing the limitations of the research and future research directions.


2020 ◽  
Vol 102 (3) ◽  
pp. 42-45
Author(s):  
Kristin E. Harbour ◽  
Evthokia Stephanie Saclarides

To support continuous professional development model in the teaching and learning of mathematics, many districts and schools have begun hiring elementary mathematics coaches and/or specialists (MCSs). However, limited large-scale empirical research exists that determines how the use of MCSs affect student learning and achievement. Kristin E. Harbour and Evthokia Stephanie Saclarides begin to fill in this gap by using data from the National Assessment of Educational Progress to explore the relationship between the presence and responsibilities of elementary MCSs and 4th-grade student achievement in mathematics. Based on their findings, they share practical implications for districts and administrators to consider.


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