Metabolomics strategy reveals the osteogenic mechanism of yak (Bos grunniens) bone collagen peptides on ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis in rats

Abstract We investigated whether income gaps in voting turnout vary with country-level economic inequality, and whether this pattern differs between wealthier and less-wealthy countries. Moreover, we investigated whether the prevalence of clientelism was the underlying mechanism that accounts for the presumed negative interaction between relative income and economic inequality at lower levels of national wealth per capita. The harmonised PolPart dataset, combining cross-national surveys from 66 countries and 292 country-years, including 510,184 individuals, was analysed using multilevel logistic regression models. We found that the positive effect of relative income on voting was weaker at higher levels of economic inequality, independent of the level of national wealth. Although clientelism partially explains why economic inequality reduces the income gap in voter turnout, it does not do so in the way we expected. It seems to decrease turnout of higher income groups, rather than increase turnout of lower income groups. Importantly, that economic inequality reduces the income gap in voter turnout does not imply that economic inequality is positive for democratic representation, since economic inequality was found to depress the likelihood of voting for all income groups.

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Effects of oral administration of collagen peptides on skin collagen content and its underlying mechanism using a newly developed low collagen skin mice model

Journal of Functional Foods ◽

10.1016/j.jff.2015.04.017 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 16 ◽

pp. 174-182 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Akinori Haratake ◽

Daisuke Watase ◽

Takuya Fujita ◽

Shuichi Setoguchi ◽

Kazuhisa Matsunaga ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oral Administration ◽

Underlying Mechanism ◽

Collagen Content ◽

Mice Model ◽

Collagen Peptides ◽

Skin Collagen

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Linking supervisor developmental feedback to in-role performance: The role of job control and perceived rapport with supervisors

Journal of Management & Organization ◽

10.1017/jmo.2020.5 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-16

Author(s):

Zhenduo Zhang ◽

Li Zhang ◽

Honglei Wang ◽

Junwei Zheng

Keyword(s):

Social Exchange ◽

Social Exchange Theory ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Underlying Mechanism ◽

Job Control ◽

Role Performance ◽

Mediating Role ◽

Developmental Feedback ◽

Positive Effect

Abstract This paper investigates the underlying mechanism and boundary condition of the relationship between day-level supervisor developmental feedback (SDF) and day-level in-role performance (IRP) based on the framework of social exchange theory. The current study collects 290 matched surveys nested in 58 Chinese employees for five consecutive days, employing experience sampling method. Using hierarchical linear regression analysis, this paper examines the mediating role of perceived rapport with supervisors (PRS) and the moderating role of job control. Results show SDF has a positive effect on PRS and consequently enhances employee IRP. This indirect effect is moderated by employee job control. When job control is high, SDF helps supervisors develop a high-quality rapport with employees and is conducive to employees improving their IRP. However, when job control is low, the positive effect of SDF on IRP through PRS is not significant.

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Tou Nong San Attenuates Inflammation in TNBS-IBD Model by Inhibiting NF-κB Signaling Pathway

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2018/6929307 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Zhipeng Hu ◽

Maoyi Yang ◽

Qiaobo Ye ◽

Kaihua Qin ◽

Mingquan Wu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Signaling Pathway ◽

High Performance ◽

Chemical Constituents ◽

Underlying Mechanism ◽

Interleukin 17 ◽

Rat Tissues ◽

Mrna Levels ◽

Trinitrobenzenesulfonic Acid ◽

Inflammatory Bowel ◽

Positive Effect

The incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which predominantly comprises Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, is increasing worldwide. However, the treatment of IBD still faces great challenges. The involved NF-κB is the main signaling pathway in human IBD and thus is a prime target. There is abundant evidence that Tou Nong San (TNS), which is a traditional Chinese medicinal decoction used for treating sores and carbuncles, has a positive effect on the inflammation. This study investigated the effects of oral administration of TNS on colitis induced by 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS) and the underlying mechanism(s). Quality control of the major compounds in TNS was performed by high-performance liquid chromatography, and six chemical constituents were identified in aqueous extracts. TNS led to improvements in weight loss and water and food intake in rats. The macroscopic and microscopic scores of rat tissues greatly decreased. Protein and mRNA levels of proinflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-17 (IL-17), tumour necrosis factor-α, IL-1β, and IL6, involved in the NF-κB signaling pathway were greatly reduced. The results suggest that the anti-inflammatory effect of TNS is associated with the regulation of the NF-κB signaling pathway, which contributes to the network pharmacological effect of TNS on human IBD in clinical practice.

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Porcine bone collagen peptides promote osteoblast proliferation and differentiation by activating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway

Journal of Functional Foods ◽

10.1016/j.jff.2019.103697 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 64 ◽

pp. 103697 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Lingyu Zhu ◽

Yingying Xie ◽

Boting Wen ◽

Mengliang Ye ◽

Yusi Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Signaling Pathway ◽

Akt Signaling ◽

Bone Collagen ◽

Osteoblast Proliferation ◽

Akt Signaling Pathway ◽

Collagen Peptides ◽

Proliferation And Differentiation

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Ejection has both positive and negative effects on left ventricular isovolumic relaxation

AJP Heart and Circulatory Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpheart.1997.273.6.h2696 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 273 (6) ◽

pp. H2696-H2707 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

David S. Berger ◽

Katherine Vlasica ◽

Christopher M. Quick ◽

Kimberly A. Robinson ◽

Sanjeev G. Shroff

Keyword(s):

Steady State ◽

Underlying Mechanism ◽

Multiple Regression Model ◽

Left Ventricular ◽

Negative Effects ◽

Active Stress ◽

Relaxation Effects ◽

Negative Effect ◽

Positive Effect ◽

Isovolumic Relaxation

In isovolumically beating hearts, the speed of left ventricular (LV) relaxation is uniquely determined by peak active stress (ςmax). In contrast, such a succinct description of relaxation is lacking for the ejection beats, although ejection is generally thought to hasten relaxation. We set out to determine how ejection modifies the relaxation-ςmax relationship obtained in the isovolumically beating hearts. Experiments were performed on five isolated rabbit hearts subjected to various loading conditions. Instantaneous LV pressure and volume were recorded and converted to active stress, from which isovolumic relaxation time ( T r) was defined as the time for stress to fall from 75 to 25% of ςmax (isovolumic beats) or its end-ejection value (ejection beats). Steady-state and transient isovolumic beat and steady-state ejection beat data were used to develop a multiple regression model. This model identified stress, current beat ejection, and previous beat ejection history as independent predictor variables of T r and fit the data well in all hearts ( r 2 > 0.98). Furthermore, this model could predict relaxation in transient ejection beats ( r 2 = 0.80 for all hearts). Whereas the coefficient for the current beat ejection was negative (i.e., negative effect or hastening relaxation), the ejection history coefficient was positive (i.e., positive effect or slowing relaxation). The sum of these two coefficients was negative, corresponding to the commonly observed net negative effect of ejection on relaxation. The expected positive inotropic effect of ejection was also observed. The dissipations of both positive inotropic and relaxation effects were slow, suggesting a nonmechanical underlying mechanism(s). We postulate that these two effects are linked and caused by ejection-mediated changes in myofilament Ca2+ sensitivity.

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How Social Ties Influence Customers’ Involvement and Online Purchase Intentions

Journal of theoretical and applied electronic commerce research ◽

10.3390/jtaer16030025 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

pp. 395-408

Author(s):

Liang Ma ◽

Xin Zhang ◽

Xiaoyan Ding ◽

Gaoshan Wang

Keyword(s):

Purchase Intention ◽

Online Shopping ◽

Social Ties ◽

Underlying Mechanism ◽

Purchase Intentions ◽

Purchase Behavior ◽

Customer Involvement ◽

Online Purchase ◽

Shopping Experience ◽

Positive Effect

A major challenge confronting online retailers is that of stimulating consumer online purchase intention. Many studies have explored the factors that affect consumer purchase behavior; however, few have described the underlying mechanism that links the online shopping experience to social ties and the effect of their strength on purchase intentions. This study adapted the stimuli–organism–response (S–O–R) model to analyze the effects of the online shopping experience on customer involvement and online purchase intention under conditions of weak and strong social ties. Two quasi-experiments were conducted to test the research model and hypotheses. The results showed that online shopping experience had a positive effect on customer involvement, and this involvement in turn had a positive effect on online purchase intention in the strong-tie group and the weak-tie group. Cognitive and affective involvement played partial mediating roles between the online shopping experience and online purchase intention in the weak-ties group and full mediating roles in the strong-ties group. The effects of online shopping experience on customer involvement and online purchase intention differed between the two tie strength groups. The implications of these findings for researchers and practitioners are discussed.

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Non-targeted metabolomics identified a common metabolic signature of lethal ventricular tachyarrhythmia (LVTA) in two rat models

Molecular BioSystems ◽

10.1039/c6mb00080k ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 12 (7) ◽

pp. 2213-2223 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Xingxing Wang ◽

Dian Wang ◽

Xiaojun Yu ◽

Guohong Zhang ◽

Jiayan Wu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sudden Cardiac Death ◽

Cardiac Death ◽

Ventricular Tachyarrhythmia ◽

Underlying Mechanism ◽

Targeted Metabolomics ◽

Rat Models ◽

Metabolic Signature

Lethal ventricular tachyarrhythmia (LVTA) is the predominant underlying mechanism of sudden cardiac death (SCD).

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Hippocampal PGC-1α-mediated positive effects on parvalbumin interneurons are required for the antidepressant effects of running exercise

Translational Psychiatry ◽

10.1038/s41398-021-01339-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Jin Wang ◽

Jing Tang ◽

Xin Liang ◽

Yanmin Luo ◽

Peilin Zhu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antidepressant Treatment ◽

Underlying Mechanism ◽

Male Mice ◽

Running Exercise ◽

Positive Effects ◽

Treatment Of Depression ◽

Antidepressant Effects ◽

Parvalbumin Interneurons ◽

The Brain ◽

Positive Effect

AbstractRunning exercise was shown to have a positive effect on depressive-like symptoms in many studies, but the underlying mechanism of running exercise in the treatment of depression has not been determined. Parvalbumin-positive interneurons (PV+ interneurons), a main subtype of GABA neurons, were shown to be decreased in the brain during the depression. PGC-1α, a molecule that is strongly related to running exercise, was shown to regulate PV+ interneurons. In the present study, we found that running exercise increased the expression of PGC-1α in the hippocampus of depressed mice. Adult male mice with PGC-1α gene silencing in the hippocampus ran on a treadmill for 4 weeks. Then, depression-like behavior was evaluated by the behavioral tests, and the PV+ interneurons in the hippocampus were investigated. We found that running exercise could not improve depressive-like symptoms or increase the gene expression of PV because of the lack of PGC-1α in the hippocampus. Moreover, a lack of PGC-1α in the hippocampus decreased the number and activity of PV+ interneurons in the CA3 subfield of the hippocampus, and running exercise could not reverse the pathological changes because of the lack of PGC-1α. The present study demonstrated that running exercise regulates PV+ interneurons through PGC-1α in the hippocampus of mice to reverse depressive-like behaviors. These data indicated that hippocampal PGC-1α-mediated positive effects on parvalbumin interneurons are required for the antidepressant actions of running exercise. Our results will help elucidate the antidepressant mechanism of running exercise and identify new targets for antidepressant treatment.

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