scholarly journals Efficient deoxygenation of waste cooking oil over Co3O4–La2O3-doped activated carbon for the production of diesel-like fuel

RSC Advances ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 4996-5009 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Abdulkareem-Alsultan ◽  
N. Asikin-Mijan ◽  
G. Mustafa-Alsultan ◽  
H. V. Lee ◽  
Karen Wilson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Closed System ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Green Diesel ◽  
Cooking Oil

Untreated waste cooking oil (WCO) with significant levels of water and fatty acids (FFAs) was deoxygenated over Co3O4–La2O3/ACnano catalysts under an inert flow of N2 in a micro-batch closed system for the production of green diesel.

Effective Catalytic Deoxygenation of Waste Cooking Oil over Nanorods Activated Carbon Supported CaO

2016 ◽  
Vol 707 ◽  
pp. 175-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghassan Abdulkareem-Alsultan ◽  
N. Asikin-Mijan ◽  
Yun Hin Taufiq-Yap
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
High Activity ◽  
High Selectivity ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Walnut Shell ◽  
Free Atmosphere ◽  
Green Diesel ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Catalytic Deoxygenation

Under nitrogen atmosphere, waste cooking oil (WCO) was deoxygenated in semi-batch experiments by using the nanorods of phosphate-activated carbon, which is derived from walnut shell and promoted by CaO as catalyst at 350 °C. The deoxygenation reaction showed high activity (> 48% hydrocarbon yield) and high selectivity towards decarboxylation/decarbonylation (deCOx) reactions via exclusive formation of green diesel C15 fraction (> 60%). The high activity and high selectivity were attributed to the good physicochemical characteristics of the catalyst, including improved metal dispersion, high surface area and high basic properties. Overall, this study demonstrates CaO/AC catalytic deoxygenation as a promising approach to produce liquid green diesel C15 from WCO under hydrogen-free atmosphere.

scholarly journals PENINGKATAN KUALITAS MINYAK JELANTA MENGGUNAKAN KARBON AKTIF DAN EKSTRAK PUCUK IDAT (Cratoxylum glaucum)

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Robby Gus Mahardika ◽  
Sito Enggiwanto ◽  
Ary Samsiar
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Free Radicals ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Oil Quality ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Acid Number ◽  
Cooking Oil

Silica Waste cooking oil can be used as a soap or biodiesel. Good soaps or biodiesel should be from oils that have low levels of fatty acids and free radicals. However, waste cooking oil has high free fatty acid and free radical, it is necessary to increase the quality of waste cooking oil. One effort to improve the quality of waste cooking oil can use activated carbon as an adsorbent. Decrease in free radicals in cooking oil can use antioxidants from extract pucuk idat (Cratoxylum glaucum). This study aims to see the effect of extract pucuk idat on the process of improving the quality of waste cooking oil. The process of improvement by adding activated carbon and varying the concentration of ethanol extract pucuk idat. Activated carbon used 10% with variation of extract 0,25%; 0,5% and 0,75%. This process followed by stirring for 15 minutes at 80°C, then soaked for 3 days. Oil quality are identified by the method of determining the levels of free fatty acids and acid numbers. The results of this study indicate that extract pucuk idat in ethanol with 0,75% concentration has the lowest free fatty acid and acid number. Extract pucuk idat can improve the quality of waste cooking oil.

scholarly journals Potential Development of Chicken Egg Shell in Recycling of Waste Cooking Oil Innovation through the Stirer Chamber Device

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (E) ◽  
pp. 1256-1260
Author(s):  
Narwati Narwati ◽  
Hadi Suryono ◽  
Setiawan Setiawan
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Quality Standard ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Shell Powder

BACKGROUND: Waste cooking oil (WCO) is overused for frying food can be a series of chemical changes, such as rancid, oxidation, and decomposition. Most of the secretion of toxic compounds are a product of oxidizing fatty acids, especially double-unsaturated fatty acids. The intervention of stirrer chamber unit and utilization of chicken egg’s shell as an absorbent is known to be able to improve the quality of WCO, includes reducing the number of peroxide and the free fatty acids (FFA). AIM: The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of the powdered chicken egg’s shell on the number of peroxide and the WCO’s FFA through the stirrer chamber. METHODS: The research design used a simple experiment type post-test only Control Group Design. The subject was divided randomly into two groups, the treatment was given to one group as a control group and another group (other treatment) as an experimental group. The WCO sample called “Jelantah” for each treatment was 100 ml as much as 48 samples. The replication was carried out twice with 24 treatments of the mass of egg’s shell powder that was 0 g, 5 g, 10 g, and 15 g at a stirring time for 15 min, 30 min, and 45 min before and after heating 35°C using 150 rpm of stirring speed. The sampling technique used purposive sampling and the data were analyzed by Anova statistical test. RESULTS: Based on the result from this research showed that the original WCO contained the number of peroxide and FFA exceeded the quality standard of SNI 3741 (2013) that is 16.7 MekO2/kg and 0.69% in sequence. The average number of peroxide of control group before heating was 15.31 MekO2/kg and after heating was 17.4 MekO2/kg, while the FFA before heating was 0.61%, and after heating was 0.71%. The number of peroxide of the treatment group before heating was 12.83 MekO2/kg and after heating was 6.98 MekO2/kg, while the FFA content before heating was 0.46% and after heating was 0.25%. CONCLUSION: It was concluded that chicken egg’s shell powder could minimize the content of peroxide and WCO’s FFA through the stirrer chamber.

Performance and emission analysis of waste cooking oil as green diesel in 4S diesel engine

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hemanandh Janarthanam ◽  
Venkatesan Sorakka Ponnappan ◽  
Ganesan Subbiah ◽  
Purushothaman Mani ◽  
D. Suman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Emission Analysis ◽  
Green Diesel ◽  
Performance And Emission ◽  
Cooking Oil

PEMURNIAN GLISEROL DARI HASIL SAMPING PEMBUATAN BIODIESEL

EKUILIBIUM ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dwi Ardiana Setyawardani
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Acid Solution ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Crude Glycerol ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Bleaching Earth ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Whatman Paper

<p><strong><em>Abstract: </em></strong><em>Glycerol is biodiesel byproduct and has high economic value, so it needs purification to get high purity.Crude glycerol was obtained from triglyceride transesterification with methanol and KOH catalyst. The aims of this research were purify glycerol from biodiesel byproduct and determine the suitable of adsorbent for bleaching of glycerol. Crude glycerol used in this research was from waste of cooking oil and kapokseed oil. In purification of glycerol from waste cooking oil is started by separate methanol and water by distillation. It followed byadding 6% acid solution (HCl, H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>, H<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>). Glycerol was mixed with acid solution by 3:10 ratio and the solution was then filtrated to separate the salt.  The filtrate was then bleached by adding 2% weight adsorbent (activated carbon, bleaching earth and activated zeolite), then stirred for 30 minutes at 30 <sup>o</sup>C. The solution was settled for 120 minutes and then filtered by whatman paper. The results showed that the optimum density of glycerol was 1.26 g/ml with addition of H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> 6% volume and 0,5% water content. The brightest color of glycerol was light brown resulted from the adsorption process used bleaching earth.  </em></p><p><strong><em>Keywords: </em></strong><em>Glycerol, Activated Carbon, Bleaching earth, Activated Zeolite.</em><em></em></p><p> </p>

Influence of fatty acids in waste cooking oil for cleaner biodiesel

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 859-868 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lai Fatt Chuah ◽  
Jiří Jaromír Klemeš ◽  
Suzana Yusup ◽  
Awais Bokhari ◽  
Majid Majeed Akbar
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Cooking Oil

Lipase-Catalyzed Production of Biodiesel by Hydrolysis of Waste Cooking Oil Followed by Esterification of Free Fatty Acids

2016 ◽  
Vol 93 (12) ◽  
pp. 1615-1624 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinicius Vescovi ◽  
Mayerlenis Jimenez Rojas ◽  
Anderson Baraldo ◽  
Daniel Carrero Botta ◽  
Felipe Augusto Montes Santana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Free Fatty Acids ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

scholarly journals The Production of Green Diesel Rich Pentadecane (C15) from Catalytic Hydrodeoxygenation of Waste Cooking Oil using Ni/Al2O3-ZrO2 and Ni/SiO2-ZrO2

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-145
Author(s):  
Momodou Salieu Sowe ◽  
Arda Rista Lestari ◽  
Eka Novitasari ◽  
Masruri Masruri ◽  
Siti Mariyah Ulfa
Keyword(s):  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Fuel Processing ◽  
Green Diesel ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Isotherm Adsorption ◽  
Adsorption Desorption

Hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) is applied in fuel processing technology to convert bio-oils to green diesel with metal-based catalysts. The major challenges to this process are feedstock, catalyst preparation, and the production of oxygen-free diesel fuel. In this study, we aimed to synthesize Ni catalysts supported on silica-zirconia and alumina-zirconia binary oxides and evaluated their catalytic activity for waste cooking oil (WCO) hydrodeoxygenation to green diesel. Ni/Al2O3-ZrO2 and Ni/SiO2-ZrO2 were synthesized by wet-impregnation and hydrodeoxygenation of WCO was done using a modified batch reactor. The catalysts were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), and scanning electron microscopy - energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), and N2 isotherm adsorption-desorption analysis. Gas chromatography - mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis showed the formation of hydrocarbon framework n-C15 generated from the use of Ni/Al2O3-ZrO2 with the selectivity of 68.97% after a 2 h reaction. Prolonged reaction into 4 h, decreased the selectivity to 58.69%. Ni/SiO2-ZrO2 catalyst at 2 h showed selectivity of 55.39% to n-C15. Conversely, it was observed that the reaction for 4 h increased selectivity to 65.13%. Overall, Ni/Al2O3-ZrO2 and Ni/SiO2-ZrO2 catalysts produced oxygen-free green diesel range (n-C14-C18) enriched with n-C15 hydrocarbon. Reaction time influenced the selectivity to n-C15 hydrocarbon. Both catalysts showed promising hydrodeoxygenation activity via the hydrodecarboxylation pathway. Copyright © 2021 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0). 

scholarly journals DECREASE IN FREE FATTY ACID CONTENT AND COLOR AT USED COOKING OIL WITH ACTIVATED CARBON OF REEDS (Imperata cylindrica L. Raeusch)

1970 ◽  
pp. 87-94
Author(s):  
Samsuar Samsuar
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Optimum Concentration ◽  
Imperata Cylindrica ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Used Cooking Oil

Cooking oil is one of the foods that are needed by the community in daily life. The use of cooking oil continuously at high temperatures, produces cooking oil that is no longer feasible to use. Therefore, it’s necessary to purify used cooking oil so that it can be reused for non-foood purposes such as making soap or biodiesel fuel. This purification process is utilie the activated carbon of reeds (Imperata cylindrica L. Raeusch) as an adsorbent to reduce the levels of free fatty acids and colors in used cooking oil. Free fatty acid content test using acid base titration method and color change using Uv-Vis spectrofotometry method. This study aims to determine the optimum concentration of reeds activated carbon as an adsorbent in reducing the levels of free fatty acids and colors in used cooking oil, which consists of the concentration of reeds activated carbon which is a consentration of 2,5; 5; 7,5; 10; dan 12,5%. The results of variance analysis showed the optimum concentration of reeds activated carbon to reduce the levels of free fatty acids and colors absorbance in used cooking oil at a concentration of 7,5%. The percentage of decreasing levels of free fatty acids gorengan and pecel lele are 78.57% and 78.85%. Decrease in absorbance of gorengan color from 1,792% to 0,384% and the pecel lele color absorbance from 2,521 to 0,515. Keywords : Activated Carbon,Color, Free Fatty Acid, Reeds, and Used Cooking Oil.

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