Toward improved human health: efficacy of dietary selenium on immunity at the cellular level

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
xiaojing xia ◽  
Xiulin Zhang ◽  
Mingcheng Liu ◽  
Mingyuan Duan ◽  
Shanshan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Element ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Cellular Level ◽  
The Body ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Essential Trace Element ◽  
Dietary Selenium

Selenium, an essential trace element in the body, participates in various biological processes in the form of selenoproteins. In humans, a suitable concentration of selenium is essential for maintaining normal...

scholarly journals Antibiotics: A food safety issue

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-133
Author(s):  
Alina Stancu ◽  
Nicolae Suvorov
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Safety Issue ◽  
Food Contamination ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Cellular Level ◽  
The Body ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Genetic Changes ◽  
Chemical Residues

Population growth and globalization are currently having many negative effects on the agri-food sector's ability to ensure safe and qualitative food. Use of medicines and chemicals in animal husbandry can considerably increases production and animals' resistance to disease and pests. Elevated levels of exposure to food contaminated with chemical residues from the use of antibiotics in animal husbandry and various growth hormones are very dangerous to human health. They contribute to genetic changes at the cellular level and decreased resistance of the body to viruses and bacteria. Frequent use of antibiotics may result in chemical residues in milk, meat, eggs and honey due to large-scale application of drugs in veterinary practice. In addition to its toxicity, antibiotic residues are carcinogenic and ingested in the long term lead to increased tolerance to medication against human diseases caused by deadly bacteria. Continuous monitoring of the production phase of the agri-food chain is absolutely necessary to identify the risks of contamination and reduce the use of illegal antibiotics in animal husbandry. This research aims to determine the main causes of food contamination with chemical residues and to create an overview of the negative effects that antibiotics have on human health.

scholarly journals Therapeutic Potential and Main Methods of Obtaining Selenium Nanoparticles

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (19) ◽  
pp. 10808
Author(s):  
Elena G. Varlamova ◽  
Egor A. Turovsky ◽  
Ekaterina V. Blinova
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Trace Element ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Active Site ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Selenium Nanoparticles ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Essential Trace Element ◽  
The Past

This review presents the latest data on the importance of selenium nanoparticles in human health, their use in medicine, and the main known methods of their production by various methods. In recent years, a multifaceted study of nanoscale complexes in medicine, including selenium nanoparticles, has become very important in view of a number of positive features that make it possible to create new drugs based on them or significantly improve the properties of existing drugs. It is known that selenium is an essential trace element that is part of key antioxidant enzymes. In mammals, there are 25 selenoproteins, in which selenium is a key component of the active site. The important role of selenium in human health has been repeatedly proven by several hundred works in the past few decades; in recent years, the study of selenium nanocomplexes has become the focus of researchers. A large amount of accumulated data requires generalization and systematization in order to improve understanding of the key mechanisms and prospects for the use of selenium nanoparticles in medicine, which is the purpose of this review.

scholarly journals Empirical and computational innovative methods for the study of health in the educational process

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (II) ◽  
pp. 34-43
Author(s):  
Марія ГОНЧАРЕНКО ◽  
Татьяна БОГОМАЗ
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Information Structure ◽  
Computer Software ◽  
Cellular Level ◽  
The State ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
The Body ◽  
Software Systems ◽  
Student Groups ◽  
Modern Computer

In determining the state of human health, methods of empirical research and modern computer technologies are used. Nowadays, the science of valeology is developing, where human health is considered as a harmonious combination of physical, mental, emotional, intellectual, social, environmental and spiritual health. The Department of valeology in V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University developed a system of diagnosis of health, which allows you to monitor the state of the body from the cellular level, the level of systems and organs, to the level of energy component, as well as to determine the psycho-physiological and adaptive characteristics of the body. Monitoring is carried out with the help of instrument - computer software systems, developed on the basis of the latest achievements of science and technology, based on modern ideas about man as a complex material and energy-information structure. The diagnosis system is noninvasive, which makes it possible to use it in children's and student groups in the pedagogical process, as well as to determine the level of health and correction of post-traumatic syndrome.

scholarly journals Zinc levels in Beta-Thalassemia Major: A Review of the Literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 348-351
Author(s):  
Okan Dikker ◽  
Emine Türkkan ◽  
Nevin Çetin Dağ ◽  
Hüseyi̇n Dağ
Keyword(s):  
Trace Element ◽  
Serum Zinc ◽  
Thalassemia Major ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cellular Growth ◽  
Beta Thalassemia ◽  
Essential Trace Element ◽  
Inherited Disease ◽  
Beta Thalassemia Major ◽  
Zinc Levels

Objective: Zinc is an essential trace element for the body that is involved in various significant body functions such as protein synthesis, DNA synthesis, and cellular growth. It is found in almost every cell and plays an important role in the immune system, affecting both innate and acquired immunity. Patients with beta-thalassemia major are at risk of zinc deficiency. Beta-thalassemia major is an inherited disease caused by a reduction or complete absence of beta-globin chains and the affected patients need repeated blood transfusions to survive. Accordingly, it causes oxidative stress and tissue damage, alteration of antioxidant enzymes, and changes in other essential trace element levels due to iron overload. Zinc levels in beta-thalassemia major patients were reported to be significantly reduced in most of the studies. Serum zinc levels of the patients with beta-thalassemia major should be monitored regularly and zinc supplementation should be provided to these patients.

scholarly journals Trapping liquid drugs inside crystals

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (a1) ◽  
pp. C984-C984
Author(s):  
Alessia Bacchi ◽  
Davide Capucci ◽  
Paolo Pelagatti
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Crystal Engineering ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
The Body ◽  
New Materials ◽  
Active Molecule ◽  
Crystalline Materials ◽  
Pharmaceutical Ingredients ◽  
Solid Dosage ◽  
Intellectual Properties

The objective of this work is to embed liquid or volatile pharmaceuticals inside crystalline materials, in order to tune their delivery properties in medicine or agrochemistry, and to explore new regulatory and intellectual properties issues. Liquid or volatile formulations of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) are intrinsically less stable and durable than solid forms; in fact most drugs are formulated as solid dosage because they tend to be stable, reproducible, and amenable to purification. Most drugs and agrochemicals are manufactured and distributed as crystalline materials, and their action involves the delivery of the active molecule by a solubilization process either in the body or on the environment. However some important compounds for the human health or for the environment occur as liquids at room temperature. The formation of co-crystals has been demonstrated as a means of tuning solubility properties of solid phases, and therefore it is widely investigated by companies and by solid state scientists especially in the fields of pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, pigments, dyestuffs, foods, and explosives. In spite of this extremely high interest towards co-crystallization as a tool to alter solubility, practically no emphasis has been paid to using it as a means to stabilize volatile or labile or low-melting products. In this work we trap and stabilize volatile and liquid APIs and agrochemicals in crystalline matrices by engineering suitable co-crystals. These new materials alter the physic state of the active ingredients allowing to expand the phase space accessible to manufacturing and delivery. We have defined a benchmark of molecules relevant to human health and environment that have been combined with suitable partners according to the well known methods of crystal engineering in order to obtain cocrystals. The first successful results will be discussed; the Figure shows a cocrystal of propofol, a worldwide use anesthetic.

scholarly journals Insights into how environment shapes post-mortem RNA transcription in mouse brain

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raphael Severino Bonadio ◽  
Larissa Barbosa Nunes ◽  
Patricia Natália S. Moretti ◽  
Juliana Forte Mazzeu ◽  
Stefano Cagnin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Mouse Brain ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Cell Communication ◽  
Rna Degradation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Gene Expression Alterations ◽  
Upregulated Genes

AbstractMost biological features that occur on the body after death were already deciphered by traditional medicine. However, the molecular mechanisms triggered in the cellular microenvironment are not fully comprehended yet. Previous studies reported gene expression alterations in the post-mortem condition, but little is known about how the environment could influence RNA degradation and transcriptional regulation. In this work, we analysed the transcriptome of mouse brain after death under three concealment simulations (air exposed, buried, and submerged). Our analyses identified 2,103 genes differentially expressed in all tested groups 48 h after death. Moreover, we identified 111 commonly upregulated and 497 commonly downregulated genes in mice from the concealment simulations. The gene functions shared by the individuals from the tested environments were associated with RNA homeostasis, inflammation, developmental processes, cell communication, cell proliferation, and lipid metabolism. Regarding the altered biological processes, we identified that the macroautophagy process was enriched in the upregulated genes and lipid metabolism was enriched in the downregulated genes. On the other hand, we also described a list of biomarkers associated with the submerged and buried groups, indicating that these environments can influence the post-mortem RNA abundance in its particular way.

scholarly journals What Did We Accomplish in Fighting Radical Species in Human Health?

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 466
Author(s):  
Rachid Skouta
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Reactive Nitrogen Species ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
The Body ◽  
Reactive Nitrogen ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Nitrogen Species ◽  
Radical Species ◽  
Physiological Level

Maintaining the physiological level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) in the body is highly important in the fight against radical species in the context of human health [...]

Influence of dietary iodine on the iodine content of pork and the distribution of the trace element in the body

2008 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katrin Franke ◽  
Friedrich Schöne ◽  
Andreas Berk ◽  
Matthias Leiterer ◽  
Gerhard Flachowsky
Keyword(s):  
Trace Element ◽  
Iodine Content ◽  
The Body

scholarly journals The nutritional use of millet grain for food and feed: a review

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. M. Hassan ◽  
N. A. Sebola ◽  
M. Mabelebele
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Pearl Millet ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
The Body ◽  
Broiler Performance ◽  
Food And Feed ◽  
High Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Positive Effect

AbstractWorldwide, millets are regarded as a significant grain, however, they are the least exploited. Millet grain is abundant in nutrients and health-beneficial phenolic compounds, making it suitable as food and feed. The diverse content of nutrients and phenolic compounds present in finger and pearl millet are good indicators that the variety of millet available is important when selecting it for use as food or feed. The phenolic properties found in millets compromise phenolic acids, flavonoids, and tannins, which are beneficial to human health. Moreover, finger millet has an exceptionally unique, more abundant, and diverse phenolic profile compared to pearl millet. Research has shown that millet phenolic properties have high antioxidant activity. The presence of phytochemicals in millet grains has positive effect on human health by lowering the cholesterol and phytates in the body. The frantic demands on maize and its uses in multiple industries have merited the search for alternative grains, to ease the pressure. Substitution of maize with pearl and finger millets in the diets of different animals resulted in positive impact on the performance. Including these grains in the diet may improve health and decrease the risks of diseases. Pearl millet of 50% or more can be used in broiler diets without adversely affecting broiler performance or egg production. Of late, millet grain has been incorporated in other foods and used to make traditional beverages. Thus, the core aim of this review is to provide insight and comprehension about the nutritional and phenolic status of millets and their impact on human and livestock.

scholarly journals Recent advances in understanding the role of FOXO3

F1000Research ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 1372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renae J. Stefanetti ◽  
Sarah Voisin ◽  
Aaron Russell ◽  
Séverine Lamon
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Protein Turnover ◽  
Genetic Basis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Forkhead Box ◽  
Protein Pool

The forkhead box O3 (FOXO3, or FKHRL1) protein is a member of the FOXO subclass of transcription factors. FOXO proteins were originally identified as regulators of insulin-related genes; however, they are now established regulators of genes involved in vital biological processes, including substrate metabolism, protein turnover, cell survival, and cell death. FOXO3 is one of the rare genes that have been consistently linked to longevity in in vivo models. This review provides an update of the most recent research pertaining to the role of FOXO3 in (i) the regulation of protein turnover in skeletal muscle, the largest protein pool of the body, and (ii) the genetic basis of longevity. Finally, it examines (iii) the role of microRNAs in the regulation of FOXO3 and its impact on the regulation of the cell cycle.

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