A conformally adapted all-in-one hydrogel coating: towards robust hemocompatibility and bactericidal activity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fanjun Zhang ◽  
Cheng Hu ◽  
Li Yang ◽  
Kunpeng Liu ◽  
Yao Ge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bactericidal Activity ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Hospital Acquired Infections ◽  
Platelet Accumulation ◽  
Hospital Acquired ◽  
Hydrogel Coating

Hospital-acquired infections and thrombosis caused by bacteria attached to the device surface, or fibrin crosslinking owing to platelet accumulation/activation, are major healthcare challenges that cause morbidity and mortality. To prevent...

scholarly journals 853. Hospital-acquired Infections by Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus (VRE): Results in 3 Years of Multicenter Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S467-S467
Author(s):  
Luciana Coelho Tanure ◽  
Rafaela Tonholli Pinho ◽  
Érico Macedo Pacheco Alves ◽  
Bárbara Caldeira Pires ◽  
Joice Ribeiro Lopes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Hospital Setting ◽  
Bloodstream Infections ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant Enterococcus ◽  
Hospital Acquired Infections ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Hospital Acquired

Abstract Background Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus (VRE) is considered one of the main pathogens of hospital-acquired infections (HAI), responsible for high morbidity and mortality rates. HAI caused by this bacteria, especially in intensive care units (ICU), are concerning for the health system, given that the microorganism is multi resistant to most antimicrobials available, especially vancomycin. Therefore, the present study is built from and analyzes the data of VRE, collected by the Infection Prevetion and Control Service of hospitals in Brazil, to clarify: the incidence rate, the gross lethality of these infections and what are the profiles of infected patients. Methods Collection and analysis of epidemiological data, according to the National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) protocol of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), in 10 hospitals in Brazil, between Jan/2017 - Dec/2019. Results In three years, 118 VRE infections were diagnosed in the hospitals analyzed: 51 from ICU (43%), 24 from Vascular Acess (20%), 18 from General Clinic (15%), 10 from General Surgery (8%) and 15 from Others (13%). Patients ages ranged from 0 to 93 years, with a mean of 62 years (standard deviation of 20 years) and a median of 66 years. Time between admission and diagnosis of infection was 1 to 1001 days, with a mean of 68 days (standard deviation of 25 days) and a median of 59 days. The gross lethality for VRE infections was 47/118 (40%). The infection sites were: Bloodstream Infections – BSI = 34 (29%); Urinary Tract Infections – UTI = 28 (24%); Surgical Site Infections – SSI = 27 (23%); Skin and Soft Tissue Infections – SST = 14 (12%); Bone and Joint Infections – BJ = 5 (4%); Cardiovascular System Infections – CVS = 5 (4%); Lower Respiratory System Infections, other than pneumonia – LRI = 2 (2%); Pneumonia – PNEU = 2 (2%) and Gastrointestinal System Infections – GI = 1 (1%). Percentage of VRE infections by hospital units Percentage of VRE infections by infection sites Infection sites of VRE infections by hospital Conclusion VRE infection is a highly lethal event that usually occurs after two months of hospitalization. The main site of infection is the BSI, with a higher incidence in patients over 62 years or the ones in ICU. Early and accurate investigations of multiresistant microorganisms in a hospital setting are necessary to reduce patient morbidity and mortality. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

scholarly journals Infection Prevention in the ICU

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Bloodstream Infections ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Hospital Acquired Infections ◽  
Hospitalised Patients ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Hospital Acquired

Hospital-acquired infections are among the most significant issues within the healthcare system, both in Greece and abroad. This is because they are associated with severe morbidity and mortality. As a rule, in Intensive Care Units (ICU), hospital-acquired infections are caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria. The spread of infections by multidrug-resistant bacteria occurs in steps. Step one is usually considered to be colonisation of the ICU host-patient via indirect contact. A transmission vehicle in these cases are the hands of healthcare professionals. The main infections in this category are the ones that affect the respiratory system, followed by bloodstream infections, mainly through endovascular catheters, and urinary tract infections. Therefore, some simple measures can limit the spread of infections, improving the clinical outcomes for hospitalised patients. These include following hand hygiene, ensuring that the medical and nursing staff change disposable gloves, keeping the ICU areas extremely clean and keeping together hospitalised patients who are colonised by the same multidrug-resistant bacteria. However, many healthcare professionals fail to consistently comply with these guidelines, which leads to the spread of multidrug-resistant bacteria, and increased morbidity and mortality.

Isolation of post operative hospital acquired infections in a private hospital of Bangladesh and identification of clonal relatedness of E. coli by using Pulse filed gel electrophoresis

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 7-10
Author(s):  
Mohammad Murshed ◽  
Sabeena Shahnaz ◽  
Md. Abdul Malek
Keyword(s):  
Private Hospital ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Hospital Acquired Infection ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Hospital Acquired Infections ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Clonal Relatedness ◽  
Hospital Acquired ◽  
Dressing Materials

Isolation and identification of post operative hospital acquired infection was carried out from July 2008 to December 2008 in Holy Family Red Crescent Medical College Hospital (private hospital). The major pathogen of wound infection was E. coli. A total; of 120 samples were collected from the surrounding environment of post operative room like floor, bed sheets, instruments, dressing materials, catheter, nasogastric and endotracheal tube. E. coli (40%) was the predominant organism followed by S. aureus (24%). DNA fingerprinting analysis using pulsed field gel electreopheresis of XbaI restriction digested genomic DNA showed that clonal relatedness between the two clinical nd environmental isolates were 100%.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjmm.v6i2.19369 Bangladesh J Med Microbiol 2012; 06(02): 7-10

HOSPITAL INFECTION IN SURGICAL DEPARTMENTS AT HUE UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL IN 2015

2016 ◽  
pp. 39-43
Author(s):  
Dinh Binh Tran ◽  
Dinh Tan Tran
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Hospital Infections ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Hospital Acquired Infections ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Hospital Acquired

Objective: To study nosocomial infections and identify the main agents causing hospital infections at Hue University Hospital. Subjects and Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study of 385 patients with surgical interventions. Results: The prevalence of hospital infections was 5.2%, surgical site infection was the most common (60%), followed by skin and soft tissue infections (35%), urinary tract infections (5%). Surgical site infection (11.6%) in dirty surgery. There were 3 bacterial pathogens isolated, including Staphylococcus aureus (50%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterococcusspp (25%). Conclusion: Surgical site infection was high in hospital-acquired infections. Key words: hospital infections, surgical intervention, surgical site infection, bacteria

Immunomodulatory Effect of “Dr. M.S. Reddy’s Multiple Mixed Strain Probiotic Therapy” to Cure or Prevent Hospital Acquired (Nosocomial) Infections due to Clostridium difficile (C. diff), other Pathogenic Bacteria, and Autoimmune Diseases

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 3937-3949
Author(s):  
Malireddy S Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Molecular Level ◽  
Host Immune System ◽  
Hospital Acquired Infections ◽  
The World ◽  
Probiotic Strains ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Hospital Acquired

The worldwide popularity of Dr. M.S. Reddy’s Multiple Mixed Strain Probiotic Therapy to treat or prevent the hospital acquired infections (nosocomial infections) arose a great interest in the medical community around the world (Reddy and Reddy, 2016; 2017). The following questions were raised on this subject: Does Multiple Mixed Strain Probiotics directly inhibit the pathogenic bacteria (C. diff) in the gastrointestinal tract or indirectly through modulation of the host immune system or both? To be more specific, what is the exact and/or hypothetical mechanism at molecular level behind the breakthrough discovery of Dr. M.S. Reddy’s Multiple Mixed Strain Probiotic Therapy?  To answer these questions, the specific immunomodulation regulatory functions of the individual Probiotic strains (on host) have beenresearched, investigated andoutlined in this article.  A detailed explanation(s) and hypotheses have been proposed outlining the possible cumulativedirect bacteriological and indirect immunomodulatory effects (at the molecular level) of the Multiple Mixed Strain Probiotics used in Dr. M.S. Reddy’s Multiple Mixed Strain Probiotic Therapy to successfully treat C. diff infection.  A detailed scientific and research attempts were made to correlate the Probiotic induced immune activities in relation to the reduction of the symptoms associated with the hospital acquired Clostridium difficile infection during and after the Multiple Mixed Strain Probioitc Therapy.  Results of the clinical trials, microbiological tests on feces, and the clinical blood tests significantly revealed that the reasons for the success of Dr. Reddy’s Multiple Mixed Strain Probiotic Therapy are multifold. Presumably, it is predominantly due to the immunomodulatory effect they have exerted on the host immune system along with the direct inhibition of C. diff bacteria by multiple Probiotics, due to the production of bacteriocins, lactic acid and nutritional competency.In addition, the size of the individual cells of the Probiotic strains in the Multiple Mixed Strain Probiotics and their significant effect on immunomodulation has been thoroughly discussed. Results clearly proved that if Probiotics are absent in the GI tract during C. diff infection, the chances of patient survival is zero.  This is because of the excess immune stimulation and incurable damage to the epithelial cell barrier of the gastrointestinal tract caused by C. diff bacteria.  The results also revealed, without any doubt, as of to-datethe latest discovery of Dr. M.S. Reddy’s Multiple Mixed Strain Probiotic Therapy is the best way to cure the deadly hospital acquired infections affecting millions of people around the world, with high degree of mortality.  This has been attested by several practicng medical professionals and scientists around the world (Reddy and Reddy, 2017).

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