scholarly journals Blood routine test in mild and common 2019 coronavirus (COVID-19) patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dodji Kossi Djakpo ◽  
Zhiquan Wang ◽  
Rong Zhang ◽  
Xin Chen ◽  
Peng Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
World Health ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Routine Test ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
The Social ◽  
Blood Routine Test ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The City

Abstract The new 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19), according to the World Health Organization (WHO), has been characterized as a pandemic. As more is being discovered about this virus, we aim to report findings of the complete blood count (CBC) of COVID-19 patients. This would serve in providing physicians with important knowledge on the changes that can be expected from the CBC of mild and normal COVID-19 patients. A total of 208 mild and common patients were admitted at the Dongnan Hospital located in the city of Xiaogan, Hubei, China. The CBCs of these patients, following a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19, were retrospectively analyzed and a significant P<0.05 was found after a full statistical analysis was conducted using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (IBM SPSS). CBC analysis revealed changes in the levels of red blood cells (RBCs), hemoglobin (HGB), hematocrit (HCT), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), and C-reactive protein (CRP). Clinicians should expect similar findings when dealing with the new COVID-19.

scholarly journals Lebanon Cities’ Public Spaces

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Nazzal ◽  
Samer Chinder
Keyword(s):  
Green Space ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
World Health ◽  
Right To The City ◽  
Social Connections ◽  
Land Prices ◽  
The Social ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Right ◽  
The City

In Lebanon, the social connections are undeniable and crucial. However, meeting places remain private such as houses, restaurants, malls, and beach resorts. This is mainly due to the shortage of public spaces in Lebanon resulting from lack of planning, regulations and awareness around the right to the city and the importance of public spaces. In main cities where land prices are so expensive, common practice has prioritized the use of land in real estate development, thus trumping other uses such as public and communal spaces.In the late 1990s, Lebanon saw the emergence of malls, which have arguably acted as alternatives to public spaces. Malls, with their wealth of food courts, restaurants, cinemas, and play areas, have become the new downtown for a portion of the Lebanese population. They are also considered safe, which is another important factor.In 2015, the percentage of green spaces in Lebanon has decreased to less than 13%. While the World Health Organization (WHO) recommends a minimum of 9m2 of green space per capita (UN-HABITAT, 2016), Beirut has only 0.8m2.

Hanseníase: formas sociais da doença no Brasil e na Índia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Parente Costa
Keyword(s):  
Social Representations ◽  
Field Work ◽  
World Health ◽  
New Delhi ◽  
Medical Texts ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Social ◽  
Leprosy Patients ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The City

The research proposes a study of the social representations of leprosy, we seek three times to understand the sense of every society and their dynamics in relation to disease. The first in the city of Sobral/CE, where we carry out research in the years 2008 and 2009; the second moment in the city of Mogi das Cruzes/SP, with a man who has gone through several periods of hospitalization and overcame the stigma through work aimed at manufacture of prosthetic patients amputees; and the third time in New Delhi in India, where we find the largest number of leprosy patients. The places chosen for the field work were selected after repeated bibliographical research, readings of scholarly articles, medical texts and physicians about the disease and mainly with the data of the World Health Organization (WHO) and of the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE). We investigate the sociocultural reality of people afflicted by illness and how these could be with the disease.

scholarly journals A brief-review of the risk factors for covid-19 severity

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 60 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. Rod ◽  
Oscar Oviedo-Trespalacios ◽  
Javier Cortes-Ramirez
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
World Health ◽  
Future Research ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
History Of ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
High Consistency ◽  
D Dimer

The World Health Organization has emphasized that one of the most important questions to address regarding the covid-19 pandemic is to understand risk factors for disease severity. We conducted a brief review that synthesizes the available evidence and provides a judgment on the consistency of the association between risk factors and a composite end-point of severe-fatal covid-19. Additionally, we also conducted a comparability analysis of risk factors across 17 studies. We found evidence supporting a total of 60 predictors for disease severity, of which seven were deemed of high consistency, 40 of medium and 13 of low. Among the factors with high consistency of association, we found age, C-reactive protein, D-dimer, albumin, body temperature, SOFA score and diabetes. The results suggest that diabetes might be the most consistent comorbidity predicting disease severity and that future research should carefully consider the comparability of reporting cases, factors, and outcomes along the different stages of the natural history of covid-19.

scholarly journals SARS-CoV-2 INFECTED PATIENTS: FROM A HEMATOLOGIST PERSPECTIVE

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. e2020078
Author(s):  
Firas Kreidieh ◽  
Sally Temraz
Keyword(s):  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Severity Of Illness ◽  
World Health ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Management Plans ◽  
Careful Revision ◽  
Pharmacologic Thromboprophylaxis ◽  
American Society ◽  
Health Organization

Introduction: According to the World Health Organization (WHO), COVID-19 has become a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC). Understanding the hematologic findings of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection is essential to promote their care and improve outcomes.   Objective:In this review, we aim at summarizing changes in the hematopoietic system and hemostasis that occur in SARS-CoV-2 infected patients.   Findings: COVID-19 infection is often associated with laboratory hematologic findings that can have important clinical implications. Careful revision of baseline hematologic findings at diagnosis can predict severity of illness and help clinicians tailor their management and approach to patients whose condition can be guarded or critical.This can be of therapeutic and prognostic value in severely ill patients and can reduce the mortality rate from COVID-19.  Such markers include D-dimer, procalcitonin, C-reactive protein, viral load, cytokine storm, and lymphopenia.Studies have also shown an association between these markers and severe COVID-19 infection requiring admission to the intensive care unit or complicated by acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). According to the American Society of Hematology (ASH), all hospitalized patients with COVID-19 should receive pharmacologic thromboprophylaxis with LMWH.   Conclusion:Until more data arises, the summary we provide can be used by hematologists to better understand hemostasis in COVID-19 infected patients.We are in need for more studies to define appropriate management plans in the setting of hematologic findings.  

scholarly journals Health professionals’ over estimation of knowledge on snakebite management, a threat to survival of snake bite victims - A cross-sectional study in Ghana

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evans Paul Kwame Ameade ◽  
Isaac Bonney ◽  
Evans Twumasi Boateng
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
World Health ◽  
Knowledge Level ◽  
Medical Doctors ◽  
The Social ◽  
Service Training ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Health Organization

AbstractBackgroundAccording to the World Health Organization, snakebites, a common occupational hazard in developing countries accounts an annual loss of between 81,000 and 139, 000 lives following 5 million of bites of which 2.7 million results in envenomation. Since snakebite associated morbidity and mortality is more prevalent in agriculture economies such as Ghana, health professionals should be optimally knowledgeable on how to manage incidence of snakebites. Lack of knowledge or overestimation of a professional’s knowledge can be affects heath delivery especially for emergency situations such as snakebites. The three (3) Tongu districts South Eastern Ghana which are rurally situated with agriculture as the major source of livelihood for their inhabitants are prone to snakebite incidence hence the need to assess whether the health professionals in these districts are well equipped by way of knowledge to handle such emergencies and whether they are able to rightly estimate their knowledge with regards to snakebite management.Methodology/Principal findingsData was collected using a de novo semi-structured questionnaire administered through google form whose link was sent via to 186 health workers made up of nurses, midwives, physician assistants, medical doctors, pharmacists, and pharmacy technicians. This data was analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 25. Association between variables was determined using the appropriate tools where necessary, using a confidence interval of 95% and significance assumed when p ≤ 0.05. This study found male health workers significantly more knowledgeable about snakebite management (11.53±5.67 vrs 9.64±5.46; p = 0.022) but it was the females who overestimated their knowledge level (27.9% vrs 24.1%). The medical doctors exhibited the best knowledge on snakebite management with the registered general nurses least knowledgeable. Although most professionals overestimated their knowledge, the registered general nurses were the worst at that (53.7%). Overall knowledge of health care professionals on snakebite management was below average [10.60±5.62/22 (48.2%)] but previous in-service training and involvement in management of snakebite were associated with better knowledge. Respondents who had no previous training overestimated their knowledge level compared to those who had some post qualification training on snakebite management (7.5% vrs 38.1%). Greatest knowledge deficit of respondents was on the management of ASV associated adverse reactions.ConclusionHealth workers in rural Ghana overestimated their knowledge about snakebite management although their knowledge was low. Training schools therefore need to incorporate snakebite management in their curriculum and health authorities should also expose health workers to more in-service training on this neglected tropical disease.Author summaryWorld Health Organization estimates that every year between 81,000 and 139,000 die due snake bites across the world. Mismanagement of snakebites can result in increased disabilities and death if not handled by knowledgeable health workers. This study assessed if various categories of health workers made up of professionals from the medical, pharmaceutical and nursing categories in the three neighbouring Tongu districts in Ghana have the appropriate level of knowledge on snakebite management. Using a newly developed questionnaire, data was collected from the respondents using google forms sent to their WhatsApp platforms. Data was then analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 25. Results were presented in the form of tables and association between the variables also determined. The level of knowledge of sampled health workers on snakebite was below average especially among the nursing professionals. However, those who had some previous post qualification training on snakebite management exhibited a significant superior knowledge and least overestimated their knowledge hence policy makers should through workshops equip health workers especially the nurses on snakebites so that rural dwellers whose health care needs are mainly attended to by nurses can be better managed when they suffer snakebites.

scholarly journals Utility of C-Reactive Protein Levels for Early Prediction of Dengue Severity in Adults

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chien-Chih Chen ◽  
Ing-Kit Lee ◽  
Jien-Wei Liu ◽  
Shi-Yu Huang ◽  
Lin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Dengue Shock Syndrome ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
World Health ◽  
Severe Dengue ◽  
Early Prediction ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Health Organization

Dengue has broad clinical presentation with unpredictable clinical evolution and outcome. We aimed to evaluate the utility of C-reactive protein (CRP) levels for distinguishing between mild and severe cases in the early phase of the dengue illness. We retrospectively evaluated adults with dengue from 2006 to 2014, according to 1997 and 2009 World Health Organization (WHO) criteria for severity. Of 191 included patients, 32.9% had nonshock dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF), 3.1% dengue shock syndrome (DSS), and 7.9% severe dengue. The risk of DHF/DSS and severe dengue is significantly related to the increasing levels of CRP. Of 191 patients, 97 had CRP levels measured during the febrile (days 1–3); 85 during the critical (days 4–6); and 9 during the convalescent (days 7–10) illness phases. During the febrile phase, there was significant higher CRP level for DSS versus DF/nonshock DHF and severe dengue versus nonsevere dengue, with CRP cutoff level 30.1 mg/L (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), 0.938; 100% sensitivity, 76.3% specificity) and 24.2 mg/L (AUC, 0.717; 70% sensitivity, 71.3% specificity), respectively. Our study highlights the utility of the CRP levels in early prediction of DSS and severe dengue in adult patients.

scholarly journals Impacto da Incontinência Urinária na Qualidade de Vida das Gestantes

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (43) ◽  
pp. 431-439
Author(s):  
Lorrana Lacerda Ribas ◽  
Emanuelle Almeida Oliveira ◽  
Rosana Porto Cirqueira ◽  
Juliana Barros Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Short Form ◽  
World Health ◽  
The Social ◽  
Health Organization

A gravidez traz consigo alterações fisiológicas e anatômicas, uma delas é o aumento do útero esta última que desencadeia a Incontinência Urinária, que é definida como qualquer perda involuntária de urina. O estudo teve por objetivo averiguar o impacto da incontinência urinária na qualidade de vida de gestantes. Trata-se de um estudo observacional, de corte transversal de prevalência, com abordagem quantitativa realizado com 20 gestantes a partir da 12ª semana de gestação. Os dados foram obtidos através do questionário sociodemográfico, o International Consultationon Incontinence Questionnaire Short Form, e o World Health Organization Qualityof Life. Os dados foram tabulados e processados pelo software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, Versão 22.0, para o Windows. A maioria das gestantes da pesquisa apresentaram Incontinência Urinária, perdendo urina diversas vezes ao dia. Conclui-se que, a gravidez mediante as alterações físicas proporcionadas à mulher, se configura como um fator predisponente ao desenvolvimento de Incontinência Urinária. 

Growth Velocity and Interleukin 6 Concentrations in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis

2008 ◽  
Vol 35 (11) ◽  
pp. 2265-2271 ◽  
Author(s):  
LETÍCIA S. SOUZA ◽  
SANDRA H. MACHADO ◽  
CLAITON V. BRENOL ◽  
JOÃO CARLOS T. BRENOL ◽  
RICARDO M. XAVIER
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis ◽  
Growth Velocity ◽  
Interleukin 6 ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
World Health ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Erythrocyte Sedimentation ◽  
Secondary Factor ◽  
Health Organization

ObjectiveTo evaluate associations of growth velocity with inflammatory markers and cumulative dose of glucocorticoid in a cohort of patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) followed during 1 year.MethodsSeventy-nine patients were evaluated. Disease activity was evaluated by a pediatric rheumatologist. Anthropometric data were classified according to the World Health Organization standards. Tanner growth velocity curves were used; values below the Z-score≤ −2 were considered low growth velocity. Serum concentrations of interleukin 6 (IL-6) were measured by ELISA, and values > 1 pg/ml were considered elevated.ResultsThe prevalence of low growth velocity was 25.3%, and it was associated with active disease on followup visit, elevated IL-6, erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein, and higher cumulative glucocorticoid doses. In the multiple linear regression with growth velocity as the dependent variable, only elevated IL-6 level was independently and negatively associated with growth velocity.ConclusionLow growth velocity is highly prevalent in children with JIA. Elevated IL-6 levels seem to have an important negative influence on growth in these children, while total glucocorticoid exposure appears to be a secondary factor.

scholarly journals One-year review of COVID-19 in the Arab world

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nasar Alwahaibi ◽  
Muna Al Maskari ◽  
Buthaina Al Dhahli ◽  
Halima Al Issaei ◽  
Samiya Al-Jaaidi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Arab World ◽  
Arab Countries ◽  
World Health ◽  
The Social ◽  
Spss Software ◽  
One Year ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Death Cases

Abstract Aim: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has infected almost every country worldwide, including all 22 Arab countries. We have been following the COVID-19 pandemic in all Arab countries since it started. In this review, we aimed to assess the prevalence of COVID-19 in the Arab world for twelve months and to compare these findings with other most affected countries. Methods: World Health Organization, Worldometer and Ministries of Health websites were used to search for COVID-19 data in all Arab countries. The period was from February 2020 to February 2021. The data was analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 23. Results: The median age in all Arab countries was 26.25. As of March 01, 2021, the total confirmed cases of COVID-19 in all Arab countries were 4,259,756. Iraq, Morocco, Jordan, United Arab Emirates and Saudi Arabia (SA) have the highest reported cases with, 695,489, 483,766, 391,090, 390,453 and 377,383, respectively. The total number of deaths were 72,950 cases and were dominant in Iraq, followed by Egypt, Morocco, Tunisia and SA with 13,406, 10736, 8637, 8022 and 6494, respectively. In comparison with the topmost affected countries, the data obtained from COVID-19 confirmed cases showed that Arab countries are ranked fourth after USA, India, and Brazil. In terms of total deaths per million, Arab countries come in the second last, before India, with only 165 cases. Conclusion: The number of confirmed and death cases among all Arab countries trigger vital worries about morbidity and mortality of COVID-19, respectively. However, younger population in the Arab world may contribute to the less death cases of COVID-19 in comparison with the topmost affected countries.

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